计算机导论试卷及答案.doc

一、Multiple Choice 单选题（每个空2分，共40分）
1. Turing Machine is ( C ).
A. the very first electronic computer B. the first general-purpose computer
C. an abstract mathematical model D. the first commercial computer

2. The transistor was used to make the main processing component in the hardware in the ( B ) generation of computer.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth

3. In computing discipline we always analyse problems by removing complexity and details, leaving only the necessary information. This mental thinking way is ( D ).
A. engineering B. top-down design C. simplicity D. abstraction

4. 813 is not a number in ( C ) number system.
A. hexadecimal B. decimal C. octal D. 12-base

5. The information in real world is often ( A ) while computer can only represent ( D ) information. This is a limitation of computing.
A. analog B. decimal C. binary D. digital

6. The following are audio formats except ( C ).
A. mp3 B. wav C. gif D. au

7. English is represented in ( D ) character set.
A. ASCII B. Unicode C. neither ASCII nor Unicode
D. either ASCII or Unicode

8. Images can be represented in ( C ).
A. raster-graphics format B. vector-graphics format
C. either A or B D. neither A nor B

9. The most fundamental operations performed by computer hardware is ( D ).
A. logical functions such as NOT, AND and OR
B. arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication
C. instructions such as load, store and process
D. on or off of an electrical flow

10. In a ( A ) circuit, the input values explicitly determine the output.
A. combinational B. sequential C. S-R latch D. register

11. Small storage area in CPU is called ( A ).
A. register B. memory C. disk D. ROM

12. The von Neumann architecture’s two primary components are its ( B ) , which stores both instructions and data, and its processor, which provides operations for modifying the contents of the memory.
A. control unit B. memory C. input/output devices D. secondary storage devices

13. Imperative programming languages are abstractions of the underlying von Neumann computer architecture. The central features of imperative languages are variables, which model the memory cells; and ( A ), which model data transmitted from memory to the CPU.
A. assignment statements B. Boolean expressions
C. conditional statements D. looping statements

14. Object-oriented languages have an essential ingredient ( B ) which enforces information hiding.
A. object B. encapsulation C. inheritance D. polymorphism

15. The concept of process is defined as a ( D ) in execution.
A. application B. software C. process D. program

16. ( B ) is the technique of keeping multiple programs in main memory at the same time.
A. Multimedia B. Multiprogramming C. Multiuser D. Multiprocessor

17. In a(n) ( A ), response time is crucial; a minimum response time is guaranteed to the user.
A. real-time system B. time-sharing system C. batch system
D. operating system

18. File extension indicates ( A ).
A. file media type B. file operation C. file protection D. file location

19. The World Wide Web is both an infrastructure of information and the network software used to access it. The Web is comprised of web sites and web pages connected by ( C ) .
A. gateways B. URLs C. links D. wires

二、Fill in the Blanks （每空2分，共20×2=40分）
1. The fundamental question underlying all of computing is: What can be (efficiently) automated?

2. The place value of digit '1' in 1039 in 13-base number system is 133.

3. Negative decimal number -10 is represented as 10001010 in 8-bit sign-magnitude binary, and represented as 11110110 in 8-bit 2's complement.

4. Binary real number 0.11 is 0.75 in decimal.

5. Suppose a language containing 200 characters. To represent this language in computer, we need at least 8 bits to represent each character.

6. The yellow color is represented as the RGB value (255,255,0) .

7. The key problem in representing video information in computer is CODEC/compression .

8. As for the following circuit, the Boolean expression of the output is A·B+(A+B) .When A is 0 and B is 1, the output is 1 .

9. One approach to developing an algorithm is using the top-down design methodology which breaks a problem up into a set of subproblems, the solutions of which create a solution to the overall problem. This approach results in a
hierarchical/tree structure of modules.

10. In Pep/7 virtual computer, if we want to load a decimal number 7 into A register, the instruction should be written as 00001000 00000000 00000111 .

11. In Pep/7 virtual computer, given the following state of memory (in hexadecimal),
0001 A2
0002 11
0003 FF
0004 00
After the execution of the instruction “00001001 00000000 00000011”, the content of the A register is FF00 (in hexadecimal).

12. Suppose that list of cylinder requests is 30, 40, 12, 20, 66. Assume that the disk is positioned at cylinder 20. If Shortest-Seek-Time-First disk scheduling algorithm is used ,the order in which these requests are handled is 20,12,30,40,66 .

13. Using the directory tree shown in Figure 11.4 , Page 372 in the textbook, assuming the current working directory is C:\WINDOWS\System, the absolute path of john.doc is C:\My Documents\letters , and the relative path of john.doc is ..\..\My Documents\letters .

14. The network protocol that breaks messages into packets, reassembles them at the destination, and takes care of errors is TCP .

15. Broadband is network technologies that generally provide data transfer speeds greater than 128K bps.

16. Web pages are created using HTML, a language that uses tags to indicate the nature of a piece of information and how it should be displayed. Every HTML document is interpreted by (web) browser to be shown as a web page.

三、Reading Comprehension（每小题2分，共2×5=10分）
Broadly, all files can be classified as either a text file or a binary file. In a text file the bytes of data are organized as characters from the ASCII or Unicode character sets. A binary file requires a specific interpretation of the bits based on the information in the file.
The terms text file and binary file are somewhat misleading. They seem to imply that the information in a text file is not stored as binary data. Ultimately, all information on a computer is stored as binary digits. These terms refer to how those bits are formatted: as pieces of 8 or 16 bits, interpreted as characters, or in some other special format.
Some information lends itself to a character representation, which often makes it easier for a human to read and modify. Any text editor can be used to create, view, and change the contents of a text file, no matter what specific type of information it contains. For other information types, it is more logical and efficient to represent data by defining a specific binary format and interpretation. Only programs set up to interpret that type of data can be used to view or modify it.

1. Which of the following statements is false? ( C )
A. A text file contains data organized as characters
B. A text file does not require information to interpret its bytes of data
C. A text file is not stored as binary data
D. A text file is composed of pieces of 8 or 16 bits

2. The phrase “those bits” refers to ( B ) in previous sentences.
A. “all information on a computer”
B. “binary digits”
C. “the information in a text file”
D. “binary data ”

3. Suppose there are two different text editors: “ed1” and “ed2”. Text file “txt1” is created by ed1. Then “txt1” can be viewed and modified by ( C ).
A. only “ed1” B. only “ed2” C. either “ed1” or “ed2”
D. neither “ed1” nor “ed2”

4. Suppose there are two binary files “b1” and “b2” . “b1” is created by program “p1”, and “b2” is created by program “p2”. Which of the following statements is true? ( D )
A. “p1” can not modify “b1”
B. “p1” can not modify “b2”
C. “p1” may not be able to modify “b1”
D. “p1” may not be able to modify “b2”

5. “For other information types, it is more logical and efficient to represent data by defining a specific binary format and interpretation” means “other information types” should be stored as ( B ).
A. text files B. binary files C. programs D. computer information

四、Answer The Following Questions（每小题5分，共10分）
1. Convert decimal number 1019 and 2150 to octal numbers. Then add these two numbers in octal number system.
1019=17738
2150=41468
(以上3分)
17738+41468=61418
（以上2分）
2. When we create a C++ program as a .cpp file in Visual C++6.0 and click “run” to run the program, what actually happens?
C++ is a high-level programming language. Programs written in it must be translated into machine code to be run by the computer.
compiler or interpreted: translates C++ program into object file or machine code file .exe 2分
(linker: link the object file and library codes into an executable file .exe)

machine code file is loaded into memory by loader . 画横线的关键词每个1分。出现一个可给1分，总评分不超过5分。

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