脑静脉系统.ppt

,Click to edit Master title style,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Zhou HH,*,脑静脉系统,2,脑静脉系统,脑静脉有如下特点：,不与脑动脉伴行，因此没有与同名动脉类似的名称,深、浅静脉均汇入静脉窦，再进入颈内静脉回流到心脏,脑静脉管壁较薄，管腔较大，缺乏肌肉和弹力纤维，因而缺乏弹性,静脉窦是全身仅有的具有特殊构造的最硬的静脉，由坚韧的硬脑膜围成管道。它是脑静脉回流的唯一通道也是脑脊液回流的必经之路,脑静脉系统没有静脉瓣,3,大脑浅静脉,大脑深静脉,颅后窝和小脑的静脉,导血管,脑静脉系统,静脉窦,4,硬脑膜静脉窦是位于两层硬脑膜之间的静脉道，窦壁的外层是由致密的胶原纤维所构成，坚韧无弹性；内层是由疏松的细胶原纤维构成。窦腔内表面衬有内皮，与静脉的内皮相续，但无瓣膜。在大脑静脉和小脑静脉汇入静脉窦的入口处具有瓣膜装置，如半月瓣，小梁和中隔等，有调整入窦血流的作用。,静脉窦,硬脑膜窦,(Dural Sinuses),上矢状窦,下矢状窦,直窦,窦汇,横窦,乙状窦,海绵窦,岩上窦,岩下窦,颈内静脉,6,7,8,大脑浅静脉,重要搜集大脑皮质及皮质下白质的静脉血，按部位分为大脑背外侧的浅静脉、大脑内侧面的浅静脉、大脑底面的浅静脉,9,额前静脉,Rolando,静脉,顶静脉,Trolard,静脉,Syvius,浅静脉,Labbe,静脉,大脑下静脉,（,一）,大脑背外侧的浅静脉,10,11,（二）,大脑内侧面的浅静脉,12,（三）,大脑底侧的静脉,13,大脑深静脉,大脑深静脉是导出大脑半球实质深部的静脉血液的一群静脉。包括基底神经节、深部髓质及脑室旁的静脉血。这群静脉的特点，是从周围流向中央，最终集中于 Galen 静脉，汇入直窦。重要包括大脑内静脉、基底静脉、大脑大静脉,大脑内静脉,透明隔静脉,脉络膜上静脉,侧脑室静脉,大脑前静脉,大脑中深静脉,大脑脚静脉,侧脑室下静脉,基底静脉,大脑大静脉,丘纹静脉,大脑深静脉,15,大脑内静脉,16,17,静脉角,18,基底静脉系统,19,20,21,22,23,24,颅后窝和小脑的静脉,Takahashi 根据小脑和脑干某些静脉汇流的状况，分为上组、前组和后组，上组重要汇入至大脑大静脉，前组汇入岩静脉至岩上窦，后组汇入至窦汇或直窦。,25,颅后窝和小脑的静脉,26,28,导血管,乳突导血管：借乳突根部的小孔使耳后静脉、枕静脉与乙状窦相通,顶骨导血管：经顶骨后上的顶孔使上矢状窦与头皮静脉相通,髁后导血管：经枕骨髁后管使乙状窦与枕下三角部静脉相通,卵圆孔和破裂孔导血管：经卵圆孔和破裂孔使海绵窦与翼静脉丛交通,29,