非谓语动词归纳总结.doc

非谓语动词归纳总结
非谓语动词
基本形式及其意义
一般式
(与谓语动词同时发生）
进行式
完成式
（发生在谓语动词之前）
否定式

语法功能
不定式
to do
表示将来
主动to do
被动to be done
to be doing
主动to have done
被动to have been done
not to do
主，宾，表，定，状，补足语
分

词
现在分词
doing
表示主动进行
主动doing
被动being done
无

having done

not doing
表，定，状，补足语
过去分词
done/__ed
表示被动完成
done
无
having been
done
not done
表，定，状，补足语
动名词
doing
动词变为名词含义
主动doing
被动being done
无
主动having done
被动having been done
not doing
主，宾，表，定
一，非谓语动词的形式变化及其意义

二， 非谓语动词的运用及考题形式
形式1，
(If/Unless/When/Though/As)( )----------------------， 句子（主语+谓语+宾语-----）
（1）To do-----表目的（为了），发生谓语动词后，后面常带宾语
（2）Doing/Having done----(当---时，如果，虽然，因为），后面常带宾语
（3）Done/Having been done----(当---时，如果，虽然，因为），后面不带宾 〖注意〗：
1，（ Do ）---------------, and/but/or/if/when/before/after+主语+谓语+--------
这是祈使句，所以用动词原 2,（Doing/Being done）------------------is/was(谓语动词）-----------------------------------.
这是用动名词作主语
〖例证〗：
1,______（look）carefully,and you can find the differences between the two pictures.
2,______（look）after his aged mother, he gave up the chance to go abroad for further study.
3,_______(look) after yourself well is important when you are alone abroad.
4,_______(look) after well by the nurse, the old man recovered quite quickly.
5,_______(look) after well is a kind of love that our parents gave us.
6,_______(look) for the book for a long time, he finally bought it in a bookstore occasionally.
7,_______(look) after well by the nurse for two months,the old man finally recovered.
形式2
主语+谓语+宾语+------， （ ）+------------
1，doing(及物动词后面跟宾语）表示伴随，结果，方式
2，done（及物动词后面不跟宾语）表示伴随，结果，方式
3，only to do表示结果
〖例证〗
1,A hearty laughter releases physical tension, ( )(leave) our muscle relaxed for half an hour.
2,The old grandma got off the bus, （ ）（support）by her granddaughter.
3,We hurried to the railway station, only( )(find) the train had already left.
4,He got up,washed his faces,had his breakfast, and( )(go) to work.

形式3
主语（ ）+ 谓语 + 宾语（ ）+-------------
1， to do将要做的 to be done将被做的（作定语或宾语补足语）
2， doing正在做的 being done正在被---的（作定语或宾语补足语）
3， done被----了的 （作定语或宾语补足语）
〖例证〗
1,Anyone________(see)________(carry)bags,boxes,cases was stopped by the police.(作定语）
2,Steam can be seen__________(rise) when water is heated.(作主语补足语）
3,Seeing the roads _____(cover) with snow and ice, we decided to stay at home.(作宾语补足语）
4,The building _________(complete) next month will be used as a laboratory.(作定语）
5,The problem______(discuss) now is not the one _____(discuss)at yesterday’s meeting (作定语）
6,He spoke loudly enough to make himself __________(hear) clearly.（作宾语补足语）
7,The government has taken effective measures________(improve) the air condition in Beijing.(作目的状语）
8,Don’t keep the water ________(run) when you brush teeth.（作宾语补足语）

三， 固定搭配
1， 跟不定式作宾语的动词
Aim,appear,agree,arrange,decide,choose,demand,desire,determine,expect,hope,fail,happen,
hesitate,learn,mean,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,attempt,want
2,跟动名词作宾语的动词
Consider,suggest,advise,excuse,pardon,admit,delay,put off,fancy,avoid,miss,keep,practice,deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate,
can’t help,forbid,imagine,risk,mind,allow,permit,escape
3,to后面跟动名词的短语
Be/get used to,be related to,be addicted to,be opposed to,be devoted to,be adjusted to,
be connected to,be compared to,lead to,object to,look forward to,stick to,
pay attention to,contribute to,make contributions to,reply to,turn to,belong to,respond to