M5U2语法公开课(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar and usage,Unit 2,1,非谓语动词,过去分词,不定式,动名词,现在分词,Revision,分 词,-ing,形式,动名词,现在分词,2,一、,动词的 ing 形式,概念,动词的 ing 形式包括两种:,现在分词,具有,形容词和副词,特征,可作,定语、状语、表语、,宾,补,动名词,具有,名词,特征,可作,主语，宾语，表语,，定语,等。,3,There are many,sleeping,students in class.,（表语）,（定语）,Feeling,the lesson is boring,the students are sleepy.,The students feel the lesson,boring.,The lesson is,boring.,（宾补）,（状语）,4,语,态,类别 时 态,vt.,主动语态,被动语态,现在分词,V-,ing,一般式,(,与谓语动词,同时,发生,),完成式,(,先与谓语动词,之前,发生,),二、时态和语态,doing,being done,having,done,having,been done,5,1.He hurried home,looking,behind as he went.,2.,Having finished,their work,they had a rest.,3.The large building,being built,is a library.,4.,Having been shown,the lab,we were taken to see the library.,（一般式）,（完成式）,（被动语态）,（被动完成式）,时态和语态,：,6,2.The man,running in,the picture,is Liu Xiang.,1.a,running,man,三、现在分词的语法功能,1:Attribute(,定语,),=,The man,who is running,in the picture is Liu Xiang.,7,小 结,:,1.,V-ing形式作定语可表示,主语所作,动作正在进行,或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系。,2.,单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于,名词之前,3.,V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后,此时相当于一个定语从句,8,The people,sitting behind us,are teachers.,=The people,who are sitting behind us,are teachers.,Rewrite the following sentences with attributive clauses.,9,Your journey in Kenya is really,exciting,.,What you did was,disappointing.,The nightmare I had last night was very,frightening.,小结：,现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当于形容词,含有“令人.,其主语通常是物.,2:Predicative,（表语）,10,I,heard,the girl,singing,in the classroom.,I,noticed,a long queue outside the bank,waiting,for it to open.,3.Object Complement,（宾补）,:,The baby,watched,his dad,shaving,his face with great interest.,小结,：,常见的,两类,接现在分词作宾补的,动词：,感官动词：see,hear,watch,find,feel,smell,observe notice,look at,listen to等。,使役动词have,keep,get,leave,make,等。,11,特殊的两个区别：,1).,现在分词作宾补与不定式做宾补的区别。,现在分词：动作正在,进行。,不定式：动作的,全过程,。,试比较：,1.I heard her singing a song just now.,(,正在进行的动作,),2.I heard her sing a song just now.,(,听见全过程,),12,1.Sixty million people _(live)in rural areas are moving to the cities every year.,2.The bottle _(contain)the poison was sent to the laboratory.,3.Our trip was _(disappoint).We did not find any unusual plants.,Practice,living,containing,Fill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.,disappointing,13,4.I saw them _(force)the door open with a hammer.,5,.The news was _(shock).All the three boats had sunk in the storm.,forcing,shocking,14,4.现在分词作状语,1).,作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句(,常同连词when,after,while,once,until等连用),注：,当现在分词短语用来表示时间时，可以和when,after 等引导的时间状语从句互换,Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.,=When,they,heard the bad news,they,couldnt help crying.,Having received his letter,I decided to write back.,=After,I,had received his letter,I,decided,to write back.,15,2).,作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。,Being a student,I must work hard.,Being so angry,he couldnt go to sleep,.,=,Because,/As,/Since,he was so angry,he couldnt go to sleep.,=Because I am a student,I must work hard.,16,3.,作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句,Working hard,you will succeed.,=,If,you,work hard,you,will succeed.,Putting more salt into the soup,you will,find it more delicious.,=If you put more salt into the soup,you,will find it more delicious.,当现在分词用来表示条件时，可以和,if,引导的,条件状语从句互换,17,4.,作伴随状语,相当于并列句,They came into the classroom,singing and laughing,.,=,They sang and laughed,and they came into the classroom.,18,The students came in,_(follow)their teacher.,My cousin came to see me from the country,_(bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.,following,bringing,19,The factory keeps releasing smoke,making,the air dirty.,The factory keeps releasing smoke,（非限制性定语从句）,which makes the air dirty,5,.作结果状语,The factory keeps releasing smoke.,_ the air is made dirty.,As a result,当现在分词短语用来表结果时，可以和,as a result,引导的结果状语从句互换。也相当于,which,引导一个非限制性定语从句,20,例：,She does exercise for an,hour every day,causing,her to keep a slim figure.,She does exercise for an hour every day,_her to keep a slim figure,.,She does exercise for an hour every day。_,she keeps a slim figure.,which causes,As a result,21,-ing,短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与,even if,though,连用。如：,6.,作让步状语,=,Although his father worked from morning till night,he didnt get enough food.,虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。,Though working from morning till night,his father didnt get enough food.,22,注意,:,V-ing形式的否定not要置于V-ing之前。,分词作状语时，其,逻辑主语同主句的主,语一致且有逻辑主动关系,，往往可转换,为,相应的状语从句,。,23,1.a.Hearing the news,tears ran down her face.,b.Hearing the news,she cried out sadly.,2.a.Entering the classroom,I found nobody in it.,b.Entering the classroom,nobody was found in it.,Choose the correct sentence.,24,3.a.Looking out through the window,the garden was beautiful.,b.Looking out through the window,we saw a beautiful garden.,4.a.Reading the evening newspaper,a dog started barking.,b.I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,25,现在分词做独立成分：,有些分词可以独立存在，在句中没有逻辑上的主语，作为习惯用法。这些短语有：,generally/frankly speaking 一般来说/坦白来说,judging from/by 由.来判断,taking all things into consideration从各方面来说,eg:,Generally speaking,girls are more interested in literature than boys.,Judging from,his accent,he is a new comer.,26,被用作介词或连词的分词,：,supposing providing/provided given,假设,假如,设想,considering认为,concerning,/,regarding 关于,according to 按照,talking of 谈到 speaking of 说到,Supposing,he wont pass the exam,what should he do?,According to,his report,the situation is getting serious.,27,Their car was caught in a traffic jam,thus _ the delay.,A.to cause B.causing,C.caused D.cause,2.I was in the bathroom,not _ the knock at the door.,A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard,Exercise,28,3.After seeing the movie,_.,A.the book was read by him,B.the book made him want to read it,C.he wanted to read the book,D.the reading of the book interested,him,29,4.The next morning she found the man in bed,_ dead.,A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying,5.There was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.,A.followed,B.following,C.to be followed D.being followed,30,6.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.,A.to prepare,B.preparing,C.prepared,D.was preparing,31,7.“Cant you read?”Mary said_ to the notice.,A.angrily pointing,B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed,D.and angrily pointing,32,8._ a reply,he decided to write again.,A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received,33,9.The car burns more fuel,but _all things into consideration,it is still a good car.,A.taken,B.having taken,C.taking,D.to take,C,34,