c++项目设计.doc

//学生管理系统代码
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
#include<cstdlib>

using namespace std;
enum {SUBJECT=5};//一共五门

typedef struct
{
char subject[10];//科目名称
int score;//科目成绩
}markinfo;

typedef struct studentnode
{
markinfo mark[SUBJECT];
int totalmark;
char name[10];//学生姓名
studentnode * next;
}studentnode;

class student
{
studentnode * head;
public:
student();
int addstudent();
~student();
int countmark();
int sortbymark();
int save();
int show();
int display();
int readfiletolist();
int searchbyname();
};

student::student() //用构造函数来初始化。
{
head=new studentnode;
head->next=NULL;
}

//1．输入学生姓名、成绩等数据，并保存在链表中。
int student::addstudent()
{
studentnode * p;
int i;
char check;
system("cls");
cout<<"**********************"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入学生信息："<<endl;
do
{
p=new studentnode;
cin.ignore();
cout<<"姓名：";
gets(p->name);
i=0;
p->totalmark=0;
do
{
cout<<"科目：";
gets(p->mark[i].subject);
cout<<"成绩(0--100)：";
do
{
cin>>p->mark[i].score;
}
while(p->mark[i].score>100||p->mark[i].score<0);
p->totalmark=p->totalmark+p->mark[i].score;
getchar();
}
while(++i!=SUBJECT);
if(head->next==NULL)
{
head->next=p;p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
p->next=head->next;
head->next=p;
}
cout<<"继续添加?y or n :";
check=getchar();
}
while(check!='n' &&check!='N');
return 0;
}

//2．计算每位学生总成绩。
int student::countmark()
{
studentnode * p=head->next;
if(p==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生，请重新输入"<<endl;system("pause");return 0;
}
else
{
cout<<"***************"<<endl;
cout<<"学生成绩汇总："<<endl;
while(p)
{
cout<<"姓名："<<p->name<<" 总成绩："<<p->totalmark<<endl;
p=p->next;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}

//4．输出所有学生成绩到一个文件中。
int student::save()
{
char address[35];
int i;
studentnode * p=head->next;
cout<<"请输入保存的地址"<<endl;
cin.ignore();
gets(address);
ofstream fout;
fout.open(address,ios::app|ios::out);
while(p)
{
fout<<"*";
fout<<p->name<<"*";
i=0;
while(i!=SUBJECT)
{
fout<<p->mark[i].subject<<"*";
fout<<p->mark[i].score;
i++;
}
//fout<<"*";
p=p->next;
}
fout.flush();
fout.close();
cout<<"已经保存，请查阅";
system("pause");
return 0;
}

student::~student() //析构函数
{
studentnode * p,* s;
p=head->next;
while(p)
{
s=p->next;
delete p;
p=s;
}
delete head;
}

//3．按照总成绩大小对记录进行排序
int student::sortbymark()
{
studentnode *move1=head->next;
studentnode *move2,*max,*pre1,*pre2,*maxpre,*s=move1;
if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有记录，请添加"<<endl;system("pause");return 0;
}
for(pre1=head,max=move1,maxpre=pre1;move1->next!=NULL;pre1=move1,maxpre=pre1,move1=move1->next,max=move1)
{
for(pre2=move1,move2=move1->next;move2!=NULL;pre2=move2,move2=move2->next)
if(move2->totalmark>max->totalmark)
{
maxpre=pre2;
max=move2;
}
if(move1->next==max) //交换max和move1。
{
pre1->next=max;
move1->next=max->next;
max->next=move1;
move1=max;
}
else
{
s=move1->next;
move1->next=max->next;
max->next=s;
maxpre->next=move1;
pre1->next=max;
move1=max;
}
}
cout<<"已经按照从大到小排序"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}

//5输出输入的信息
int student::show()
{
studentnode * p=head->next;
int i;
if(head->next==NULL){cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;system("pause"); return 0;}
else
{
while(p)
{
cout<<"姓名："<<p->name;
i=1;
while(i!=SUBJECT+1)
{
cout<<"科目："<<p->mark[i-1].subject;
cout<<" 成绩："<<p->mark[i-1].score;
i++;
}
cout<<endl;
p=p->next;
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}

//6:从文件按读取记录
int student::display()
{
ifstream fin;
char buf[100];
char str[25];
cout<<"请输入路径及文件名:"<<endl;
cin.ignore();
gets(str);
fin.open(str);
if(!fin)
{
cout<<"没有此文件"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
while(fin)
{
fin.getline(buf,sizeof(buf));
cout<<buf<<endl;
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}

//8从文件中读取数据，并将数据保存在链表中
int student::readfiletolist()
{
ifstream fin;
int i;
char str[25];
cout<<"请输入路径及文件名:"<<endl;
cin.ignore();
gets(str);
fin.open(str);
if(!fin)
{
cout<<"没有此文件"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
studentnode * p;
fin.ignore(100,'*');
while(fin)
{
p=new studentnode;
p->totalmark=0;
fin.getline(p->name,100,'*');
i=0;
while(i!=SUBJECT)
{
fin.getline(p->mark[i].subject,100,'*');
fin>>p->mark[i].score;
p->totalmark+=p->mark[i].score;
i++;
}
if(head->next==NULL)
{
head->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
p=head->next;
head->next=p;
}
}
cout<<"信息已经保存在链表中"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}

//9根据姓名进行查找
int student::searchbyname()
{
if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生，请添加或者从文件中读取"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
studentnode * p=head->next;
char findname[10];
int i;
cout<<"请输入姓名:";
cin.ignore();
gets(findname);
while(p)
{
if(!strcmp(p->name,findname))
{
cout<<"经查找，找到该生信息如下："<<endl<<endl;
cout<<"姓名："<<p->name;
i=1;
while(i!=SUBJECT+1)
{
cout<<"科目："<<p->mark[i-1].subject;
cout<<" 成绩："<<p->mark[i-1].score;
i++;
}
cout<<endl;
system("pause");
return 1;
}
p=p->next;
}
cout<<"没有此学生，请添加或者从文件中读取"<<endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}

int showmenu()
{
int choice;
char * menu[9]={
"1:输入学生成绩保存到链表\n",
"2:计算每位学生总成绩\n",
"3:按照总成绩大小对记录进行排序\n",
"4:输出所有学生成绩到一个文件中\n",
"5:显示新输入的学生信息\n",
"6:从文件中读取信息\n",
"7:将文件信息保存在链表中\n",
"8:根据姓名查找学生记录\n",
"9:结束程序\n"
};

cout<<" "<<"*****************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<" *"<<" "<<"学生成绩管理系统"<<" *"<<endl;
cout<<" "<<"*****************************************************"<<endl;
for(choice=0;choice<9;choice++)
cout<<" "<<menu[choice];
cout<<" "<<"*****************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"please choose to continue"<<endl;
do
{
cin>>choice;
}
while(choice>9||choice<1);
return choice;
}

int main()
{
int menuitem,flag=1;
student stu;
while(flag)
{
system("cls");
menuitem=showmenu();
switch(menuitem)
{
case 1:{stu.addstudent();break;}
case 2:{stu.countmark();break;}
case 3:{stu.sortbymark();break;}
case 4:{stu.save();break;}
case 5:{stu.show();break;}
case 6:{stu.display();break;}
case 7:{stu.readfiletolist();break;}
case 8:{stu.searchbyname();break;}
case 9:{flag=0;break;}
}
}
return 0;
}

//管理系统代码2
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#define N 10
using namespace std;

char * course[N]=
{
"高等数学（上）",
"高等数学（下）",
"大学英语（上）",
"大学英语（下）",
"体育（上）",

"体育（下）",
"C++程序设计",
"通信原理",
"课程为数据库",
"通信应用系统开发"
};

typedef struct studentNode
{
string studentNumber;
string name;
int score[N];
studentNode *next;
};

class Student
{
studentNode * head;
public:
Student();
~Student();
void createStudentInfo();
void addStudentInfo();
void delStudentInfo();
void modificationStudentInfo();
void write2File();
void show();

void referCourseScore();
void referStudentInfo();
void referAverageScore();
void referByName();
void referByStudentNumber();
void referTheHightScore();
void referTheFallStudent();

};

Student::Student() //用构造函数来初始化。
{
head=new studentNode;
head->next=NULL;
}

Student::~Student() //析构函数
{
studentNode * p,* s;
p=head->next;
while(p)
{
s=p->next;
delete p;
p=s;
}
delete head;
}
void Student::referTheHightScore()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;
string recordstudentNumber[N];
int theHighScore[N];
if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
i = 0;
while( i < N)
{
recordstudentNumber[i] = p -> studentNumber;
theHighScore[i] = p->score[i];
i++;
}

p = p -> next;
i = 1;
while(p)
{
int j ;
for(j = 0; j < N; j++)
{
if(theHighScore[j] < p->score[j])
{
theHighScore[j] = p->score[j];
recordstudentNumber[j] = p -> studentNumber;
}
}
p = p->next;
}

}

p = head->next;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
for(int j = 0; j < N; j++)
{
while(p)
{
i = 0;
if(recordstudentNumber[j] == p->studentNumber)
{
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
while( i < N)
{
cout<<"\n科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩：" <<p->score[i];
i++;
}
}
cout<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
p = head->next;

}

}

system("pause");

}

void Student::referTheFallStudent()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
while(p)
{
while( i < N)
{
if(p->score[i] < 60)
{
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
cout<<"\n科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩：" <<p->score[i];
}

i++;
}

i = 0;

cout<<endl<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
}
system("pause");

}

void Student::show()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
while(p)
{
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
i = 0;
while( i < N)
{
cout<<"\n科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩：" <<p->score[i];
i++;
}
cout<<endl<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
}
system("pause");

}

void Student::createStudentInfo()
{
if(head -> next == NULL)
{
cout<<"增加学生信息"<<endl;
system("pause");
}
addStudentInfo();
}

void Student::addStudentInfo()
{
studentNode * p;
int i;
char check;

system("cls");
cout<<"**********************"<<endl;
cout<<"请输入学生信息："<<endl;
do
{
i = 0;
p=new studentNode;
cin.ignore();
cout<<"姓名：";
cin >>p -> name;
cout<<"学号：";
cin >>p -> studentNumber;
do
{
cout<<"科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩(0--100)：";
do
{
cin>> p->score[i];
}while(p -> score[i]>100||p -> score[i]<0);
}while(++i != N);

if(head->next == NULL)
{
head->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
p->next = head->next;
head->next = p;
}
cout<<"继续添加?y or n :";
cin.ignore();
check=getchar();
}while(check != 'n' && check!= 'N');

}

void Student::delStudentInfo()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
studentNode *pFlag = head;
int i;
int flag = 0;
string str;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
cout<< "输入你要删除学生的学号：";
cin>> str;
while(p)
{

i = 0;
if(str == p->studentNumber)
{
if(p ->next != NULL)
{
pFlag->next = p -> next;
delete p;
}
else
{
pFlag->next = NULL;
}
return;
}
pFlag = p;
p = p->next;
}
if(flag == 0)
{
cout <<"查无此人"<< endl;
}
}
system("pause");

}

void Student::modificationStudentInfo()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;
int flag = 0;
string str;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
cout<< "输入你要修改成绩学生的学号：";
cin>> str;
while(p)
{
i = 0;
if(str == p->studentNumber)
{
int numericalOrder;
flag = 1;
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
while( i < N)
{
cout<< "\n"<<i<<"科目："<<course[i];
cout<< "成绩：" <<p->score[i];
i++;
}
cout<< "请输入修改科目的课程序号:";
cin>> numericalOrder;
cout<< "\n请输入修改后的成绩";
cin>> p -> score[numericalOrder];
}
cout<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
if(flag == 0)
{
cout <<"查无此人"<< endl;
}
}
system("pause");

}
void Student::referByName()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;
int flag = 0;
string str;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
cout<< "输入你要查询学生的姓名：";
cin>> str;
while(p)
{
i = 0;
if(str == p->name)
{
flag = 1;
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
while( i < N)
{
cout<<"\n科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩：" <<p->score[i];
i++;
}
}
cout<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
if(flag == 0)
{
cout <<"查无此人"<< endl;
}
}
system("pause");

}
void Student::referByStudentNumber()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;
int flag = 0;
string str;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
cout<< "输入你要查询学生的学号：";
cin>> str;
while(p)
{
i = 0;
if(str == p->studentNumber)
{
flag = 1;
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
while( i < N)
{
cout<<"\n科目："<<course[i];
cout<<"成绩：" <<p->score[i];
i++;
}
}
cout<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
if(flag == 0)
{
cout <<"查无此人"<< endl;
}
}
system("pause");

}
void Student::referStudentInfo()
{
int i;
while(1)
{
system("cls");
cout<<"\n***********************选择查询方式***************************"<<endl;

cout<<" 0. 查询全部学生信息"<<endl;
cout<<" 1. 通过姓名查询信息"<<endl;
cout<<" 2. 通过学号查询信息"<<endl;
cout<<" 3. 单科最高成绩学生"<<endl;
cout<<" 4. 不 及格学生信 息"<<endl;
cout<<" 5. 返回上级菜单查询"<<endl;

cout<<"*************************************************************************"<<endl;
cout<<"请 输 入 你 的 选 择< 按数字0~2>:"<<endl;

cin >> i;
switch(i)
{
case 0:
show();
break;
case 1:
referByName();
break;
case 2:
referByStudentNumber();
break;
case 3:
referTheHightScore();
break;
case 4:
referTheFallStudent();
break;
case 5:
return;
default:
cout<< "输入错误"<< endl;
system("pause");

}
}

}

void Student::referAverageScore()
{
studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
while(p)
{
int totalScore = 0;
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
i = 0;
while( i < N)
{
totalScore += p->score[i];
i++;
}
cout<<"\n平均成绩："<< totalScore / N;
cout<<endl;
p = p->next;
}
}
system("pause");

}

void Student::referCourseScore()
{

studentNode *p = head->next;
int i;
string str;

if(head->next==NULL)
{
cout<<"没有学生记录，请添加"<<endl;
system("pause");
return ;
}
else
{
i = 0;
int numericalOrder;
while( i < N)
{
cout<< "\n"<<i<<"科目："<<course[i];
i++;
}
cout<< "请输入查询科目的课程序号:";
cin>> numericalOrder;
while(p)
{
cout<<"姓名："<< p->name;
cout<<"学号："<< p->studentNumber;
cout<< p -> score[numericalOrder];
p = p->next;
}
}
}

void Student::write2File()
{
char address[35];
int i;
studentNode * p=head->next;
cout<<"请输入保存的地址"<<endl;
cin.ignore();
gets(address);
ofstream fout;
fout.open(address,ios::app|ios::out);
while(p)
{
fout<<" ";
fout<<p->studentNumber<<" ";
fout<<p->name<<" ";
i=0;
while(i < N)
{
fout<<p ->score[i]<<" ";
i++;
}
//fout<<"*";
p=p->next;
}
fout.flush();
fout.close();
cout<<"已经保存，请查阅";
system("pause");

}