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连系动词高考考点
一、连系动词
(一)考查表示变化类的连系动词的用法,如:become,go,turn,grow,get,fall等。
【高考链接】Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can't have time to _____ before the party. (2004全国Ⅱ)
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
解析:答案A。get为表示变化的系动词,后接形容词化的过去分词changed作表语,意思是“换衣服”。
(二)考查表示感觉类的连系动词的用法,如:feel,smell,taste,look,sound等。
【高考链接】—How are you today?
—Oh, I ______ as ill as I do now for a very long time. (2000全国)
A. didn’t feel B. wasn’t feeling C. don’t feel D. haven’t felt
解析:答案D。feel ill “感觉不舒服”,因为后跟“for+一段时间”,所以用完成时。
(三)考查表示状态类的连系动词的用法,如keep,come,run,remain,stand,lie,stay,prove等。
【高考链接】Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days. (NMET2003)
A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed
解析:答案B。此处stay为系动词,不用于被动语态和进行时,句子无完成之意,不可用完成时,因此答案选B。
连系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
1. 表示状态的连系动词
这类连系动词用来表示主语状态,主要有be, remain等词。
After the storm the sea was calm again. 风暴过后,大海又恢复平静。
He remained single all his life. 他一辈子独身。
【指点迷津】
英语中有些动词既是行为动词也是连系动词,我们根据其搭配判断它的类别,如后接形容词,该词就是连系动词;如有副词修饰,就是行为动词。
He looked angry. 他看起来很生气。(连系动词)
He looked angrily at me. 他生气地看着我。(行为动词)
She kept silent. 她保持沉默。(连系动词)
She kept her seat silently. 她默默地坐在位子上。(行为动词)
They said they would stand firm. 他们说他们将不让步。(连系动词)
They stood firmly arm in arm in the rain. 他们手挽着手站在雨中,纹丝不动。(行为动词)
[考例1] Most of what has been said about the Smiths _______ also true of the John sons. (2006安徽)
A. are B. is
C. being D. to be
[点拨] B。 the Smiths为介词about的宾语,真正的主语为what has been said,从句做主语一般为单数,故选B。
2. 表示感官的连系动词
表示感官的连系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等词,注意这类词没有被动语态。
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。
Their suggestion sounds hard to understand. 他们的建议听起来难理解。
[考例2] The water _______ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. (2006全国卷Ⅰ)
A. was felt B. is felt
C. felt D. feels
[点拨] C。句意为“当我跳入水池进行晨练时,感觉水是凉爽的”。主句和从句的动作是同时发生的,所以时态要求一致,故选C。此句中的feel是连系动词,不可使用被动语态,其主动形式表示给人某种感觉。
3. 表示变化的连系动词
这类连系动词比较多,常见的有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等,主要用来表示主语变成什么样。
She turned pale at the news. 她听到这个消息脸色发白。
The fox may grow gray, but never good. 狐狸会变老,但不会变好。
Your dream may come true. 你的梦想也许能成真。
The food has run short. 粮食已经不够了。
【指点迷津】
表示气候、年龄以及穷富的变化常用become, get, grow;表示变成什么样的人常用become和turn,但turn后面作表语的名词前多不用冠词。
He used to be a worker till he turned writer. 在成为作家前他是一个工人。
[考例3] The traffic lights ________ green and I pulled away. (2006广东)
A. came B. grew
C. got D. went
[点拨] D。本题意为“交通灯变成绿灯了,我开车走了”。表示颜色变化,动词常用go / turn,故选D。
4. 表示终止的连系动词
表示主语已终止动作的连系动词主要有prove, turn out等词,表达“证实”,“结果是”之意。
The long exhausting trip proved too much.这次旷日持久的疲劳旅行证明了许多东西。
The medicine turned out highly effective. 这药结果非常有效。
【帮你归纳】
英语中有很多固定的系表结构,已形成了习惯用法。
get lost 迷路
get ready 准备好
run short 缺乏
go mad /hungry / bad 发疯/挨饿/变坏
stand still 站着不动
lie waste 荒废
stand firm 不让步
keep clean and tidy 保持整洁
keep calm 保持冷静
stay fresh 保持新鲜
come true 实现
fall asleep/ill 入睡/生病
[考例4] Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to ________ before the party. (2004全国卷I)
A. get changed B. get change
C. get changing D. get to change
[点拨] A。本题考查“get+过去分词”的用法。“get+过去分词”表示自己做的事,即自身做的动作而不是被动的动作。如get dressed穿衣;get washed洗脸;get married结婚;本句句意为“Sarah,快点!恐怕在晚会前没有时间换服装”。
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