牛津译林八年级下册8BUnit1知识点整理.doc

牛津译林八年级下册8B-Unit1-知识点整理
8B Unit1 知识点解析与练习
1. past and present 过去和现在
past 1). n. in the past(一般过去时)
2). adj. in the past few years(现在完成时)
3). prep. walk past 经过= ____________
present 1). n. 现在, 目前 at present 2). n. 礼物 receive a present 收到一件礼物
2. in the bowl在碗里; on the plate在盘子上
3. 1).过去常常做某事(现在不做了)
used to do sth. = often did sth. in the past
used to be…= … was/were once… = was/were… in the past
和某人分享某物 share sth. with sb.
Eg. You often shared food with me in the past. = You ______ ______ _______ food with me.
You used to be so kind to me. = You ______ _______ ______ to me _____ _____ ______.
2). 习惯于, 适应于(做)某事 be/get used to (doing) sth. (现在仍如此做)
我习惯于上午六点起床。 I ______ _______ ______ _________ up at 6 a.m.
3). 区分：used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做)
get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事(to为介词)
4. just 1). adv. 刚才(现在完成时) I’ve just eaten it.
2). adv. 正好, 恰好(加强语气) The shirt is just my size.这件衬衫正和我的尺码。
3). just now 刚刚, 刚才(一般过去时);
5. change 1). v./n. 改变, 变化 changes in/to … ……的变化
The town has changed a lot over the years.(v.)
= There have been great changes over the years. (n.)
= Great changes have taken place over the years.
2). n. [U] 零钱. Here is your change. 这是你的零钱。
6. transport [U] 交通车辆, 运输工具
bus-buses; coach-coaches, a coach station; plane- go to sp. by plane= fly to sp.=______________.
7. time 1).[C]时代 at different times在不同的时代
2).[C]次数,倍数 some times 几次
3). [U]时间 some time 一些时间
区分: sometime 某时(将来或过去)； sometimes 有时= from time to time = at times
归纳: in time及时；on time按时；
at the same time同时；all the time一直；
8. go around the city 环游这个城市
9. interview n./ v. 采访
interview sb. (v.) = have an interview with sb. (n.) = ________ ___________ ________ sb.
10. move house搬家 move away搬走 move to搬往
move into搬进 move out of 搬出
11. put the waste into the river 把废弃物排入河中
1). put…into…把…放进… put down放下
put off 推迟, 拖延 put out 扑灭
put up张贴,搭建,举起 put one’s heart into全神贯注于
put on 穿上 put away 收起来，放好
2). waste n. [U]. 废弃物 v. 浪费 waste time/money <反> save节省
12. 第一次first = for the first time 即主语+first did sth.=主语+did sth. for the first time
一开始at first
13. north n. northern adj.
south-southern; west-western; east-eastern
in the north of = in the northern part of
14. marry v.结婚(三单_________; 过去式_________;现在分词__________)
married adj. 结婚的
A marry B = A get married to B = A and B get married
15. over the years 这些年 over the past century 在上个世纪中 数年前________________
16. turn 1). v.变得 turn green
2). turn…into…把…变成….
turn into变成 turn on打开 turn off关上 turn up调高音量;出现
turn down调低音量;拒绝 turn to转向,求助于 turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
3). n. 轮流 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
17. pollute v. 污染 n. pollution air/water/noise pollution adj. polluted 被污染的
1). The little boy got sick because of the ________________(pollute) water.
2). We should stop people ____________(pollute) water because the water ______________(pollute) has been too serious.
18. factory n. 工厂(pl. factories) a steel factory
19. realize/realise v. 意识到 realize the problem; 实现realize one’s dream
20. improve v. 改善(即make…better) n. _________________ situation [C]
采取措施来改善情况 _______________________________________________
To make your life better in the future, you should study hard now.
To ______________ your life in the future, you should study hard now.
21. 在某种程度上__________________ 在某人回家的路上___________________________
顺便问一下________________做某事的方式_______________________妨碍,挡道in the/one’s way
22. 像以前一样… as … as before 尽可能 _________________ 像以前一样经常______________
23. 打牌和中国象棋 ________________________________
24. alone 独自一人(无感情色彩) 1). adj. I am alone.
2). adv. 独自居住______________
lonely adj. 孤独的, 寂寞的(感情上的) 比较级____________最高级____________
当小男孩独自待在家时，他常常觉得孤单。
When the little boy ________________________, he often _____________________.
25. 在某人一生中_____________________ 我们一生_________________________
26. Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时
1. 用法：1). 动作发生在过去，并持续到现在；2). 动作发生在过去, 并对现在有影响
3). 表达曾有过或未有过的经历
2. 结构: has/have done
3. 句式: 肯定句: 主语 has/have done sth. 否定句: 主语 has/have not done sth.
一般疑问句: ---Has/Have主语 done sth? ---Yes, 主语has/have. ---No, 主语hasn’t/haven’t.
小题狂做:
( ) 1. I can’t find my notebook anywhere. I’m afraid I __________ it.
A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing
( ) 2. In the past few years, many schools ________ the ways of doing morning exercises.
A. change B. changes C. will change D. have changed
( ) 3. Wow! You _________ dinner! Let’s eat now.
A. cook B. are cooking C. will cook D. have cooked
( ) 4. ---Paul, I’m busy cooking. Can you give me a hand? ---Just a minute. I ______ my email.
A. am checking B. will check C. have checked D. was checking
( ) 5. Our team ______ another point! I am sure we will win the game.
A. will get B. has got C. is getting D. was getting
( ) 6. I heard a new song on the radio. I _______ high and low in the music store, but I can’t find it.
A. search B. have searched C. am searching D. will search
( ) 7. This museum ______ here for over 80 years. It ____ one of the oldest buildings in this city.
A. is; was B. had been; is C. was; has been D. has been; is
27. environment 环境[U] 保护环境protect the environment
condition 环境, 条件, 状况[C] 居住条件______________________
28. borrow 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb. = borrow one’s sth
lend 借给 lend sb sth = lend sth to sb.
---Can I ____________(借) your pen?
---Sorry. I can’t ____________(借) you the pen because I ____________________(借) it to Amy.
29. return 1). vi. 返回(不可与back连用) 从…回来 return from= __________________
回到某地 return to sp.
2). vt. 归还 = give back 把某物还给某人 return sth. to sb.
回到故乡后，他把书还给了学校图书馆。
After _________________ the hometown, he _________________________ the school library.
30. last 1). adv. 最近, 上一次；最后 last did sth = did sth. for the last time
2). adj. 最后的
Simon is so hard-working that he is always the first __________(come) and the last __________(leave).
31. 在小学 _________________________
32. touch 1). vt. 触摸 三单____________ 禁止触摸 No touching.
2). n. 接触 互相保持联系__________________________________
33. 通过电子邮件 by email
34. communicate vi.&vt. 交流, 交际 n. communication [U]
与某人交流/沟通 communicate with sb. = _____________________________________
It’s much easier for people to communicate on the Internet.
= The Internet makes people ____________________________________________.
35. narrow adj. 狭窄的 比较级_______________最高级_______________ <反> wide
dirty adj. 脏的 比较级________________最高级_______________
36. space 1). 空间[U] 2). 空地[C]
在大面积开放的空地上 ___________________________________
37. 听广播 _______________________ 在广播上__________________
享受一个舒服的生活 ______________________________
往返于小镇____________________________________
38. both+ n.(pl.) 在路两边 on ________________ of the road = on each side of the road.
39. 在某人空余时间_______________________________= when sb. be free
40. moreover adv. 此外, 而且
同义词或短语: what’s more, … besides, ….
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