江苏各市20182019年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：语法填空(含解析).doc

江苏各市2018-2019年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：语法填空（含解析）
江苏各市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题汇编：
语法填空（解析版）

1、江苏省南京市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末调研英语试题
语篇填空请根据上下文线索及所给提示填空，使短文语义连贯、语法正确，并把该词的完整形式写在答题纸上相应题号横线处。
Teenagers have long been told that being active and ___71___ (take) part in sports is good for their health. But new research suggests that too much sport for teenagers could negatively affect their well-being just as much as too ___72___ sport.
The US Department of Health and Human Services suggests that young people ___73___(age) between 6 and 17 work ___74___at least 60 minutes a day, 7 hours a week. But researchers from Switzerland say their study suggests that 14 hours of physical activity a week is best for promoting good health in teenagers. However, more than 14 hours ___75___ (appear) to be harmful to their health. To reach their findings, they had 1,245 teenagers ___76___(survey) in their research.
All participants (参与者) were required to answer questions about height and weight, sports practice, sports ___77___ (injure) and well-being. Their well-being was measured using the Word Health Organization (WHO) Well-being Index, ___78___ provides scores between 0 and 25. Of the participants, 50.4% were male. Almost 9% of these males were overweight. The overall ___79___ well-being score for all participants was 17.
The researchers divided sports participants into low, average, ___80___ , and very high. The researchers found that participation in the low and very high activity groups were more likely ___81___ (have) well-being scores below 13, compared with participants in the average group. The researchers found that the highest well-being scores were ___82___ a by participants who carried out around 14 hours of physical activity a week, but beyond 14 hours resulted ___83___ lower well-being scores.
The researchers suggest that doctors ___84___ care for teenagers should check their level of sports practice. Teenagers ___85___ (probable) need a supportive and closer follow-up of their health and well-being.
【答案】71. taking 72. little 73. aged 74. out 75. appears 76. surveyed
77. injury/injuries 78. which 79. average 80. high 81. to have 82. achieved
83. in 84. who/that 85. probably
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。新的研究表明和运动太少的效果一样，青少年运动太多也会对他们的健康产生消极影响。每周大约14小时的体育运动，健康得分最高，但是超过14小时的体育运动健康得分较低。
【71题详解】
考查动名词。句意：青少年一直被告知积极参加体育活动对他们的健康有好处。 and 为并列连词，根据前文的 being，所以后面 take 也用 doing 的形式。故填 taking .
【72题详解】
考查形容词。句意：新的研究表明和和运动太少的效果一样，青少年运动太多也会对他们的健康产生消极影响。little修饰不可数名词sport 。too much与too little相对应。故填 little .
【73题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部建议6至17岁的年轻人每天至少锻炼60分钟，每周7小时。aged为过去分词作形容词作后置定语修饰 people。故填aged .
【74题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：美国卫生与公众服务部建议6至17岁的年轻人每天至少锻炼60分钟，每周7小时。work out 表示外出锻炼的意思。符合句意。故填out .
【75题详解】
考查一般现在时的第三人称单数。句意：然而，超过14个小时似乎对他们的健康有害。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为14 hours 是一个整体，所以谓语动词是单数appears 。故填appears .
【76题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：为了得出他们的研究结果，研究人员对1245名青少年进行了调查。分析句子可知，本句涉及have sth/sb done的用法。 teenagers在逻辑上与survey在逻辑上是被动关系，且作teenagers的宾语补足语。所以用过去分词surveyed。故填surveyed .
【77题详解】
考查名词。句意：所有参与者都被要求回答有关身高、体重、体育锻炼、运动伤害和健康的问题。根据逗号和 and 并列可知，都是相同的词性，为名词，injure 的名词形式为injury/injuries。sports为名词修饰名词injury/injuries。故填injury/injuries.
【78题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：他们的健康是用“世卫组织健康指数”这个词来衡量的，该指数的得分在0到25之间。分析句子可知，Word Health Organization (WHO) Well-being Index为先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为which。故填which .
【79题详解】
考查名词。句意：所有参与者的总体平均健康得分为17分。 overall为形容词修饰名词average且符合句意。故填average.
【80题详解】
考查形容词。句意：研究人员将运动参与者分为低、平均、高和非常高四类。由前文的 low/average/very high，可知中间是高。故填high .
【81题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：研究人员发现，与平均水平组的参与者相比，低活动组和高活动组的参与者的健康得分更可能低于13分。be more likely to do“很有可能做某事”，故填to have。故填to have .
【82题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：研究人员发现，每周进行14小时体育活动的参与者的健康得分最高，但超过14小时的参与者的健康得分较低。研究表明最高的健康值达到，表示达到用 achieve，并且与主语the highest well-being scores是被动，所以用achieved。故填 achieved .
【83题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究人员发现，每周进行14小时体育活动的参与者的健康得分最高，但超过14小时的参与者的健康得分较低。result in “导致”符合句意。故填in .
【84题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：研究人员建议，关心青少年的医生应该检查他们的体育锻炼水平。doctors为先行词在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who/that。故填 who/that .
【85题详解】
考查副词。句意：青少年可能需要更紧密地跟踪他们的健康状况。probably为副词修饰动词need。故填probably.
【点睛】过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点：1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系 2.表示完成的动作。
过去分词作宾语补足语：常见的带过去分词作宾补的动词有两类：
1）感官动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.
2）使役动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.
分析小题6句子可知，本句涉及have sth/sb done的用法。teenagers在逻辑上与survey在逻辑上是被动关系，且作teenagers的宾语补足语。所以用过去分词surveyed。故填surveyed .

2、江苏省扬州市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使整个文段句意完整，语法正确。
Sure, it’s good to get along with your teacher ___71___ it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant. And because, in general, it’s smart to learn how to approach different ___72___ (type) of people you’ll meet throughout your life.
But really, there’s one super-important reason ___73___ you should do it. Kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more, but they’re ___74___ (comfortable) in asking questions and getting more help. This makes ___75___ easier to understand new materials and do your best on tests.
As a kid in elementary or middle school, you’re at a wonderful stage in your life. You’re like a sponge (海绵), able to take in lots of new and ___76___ (excite) information. Besides, you’re able to think about all these information ___77___ new ways.
In most cases, your teacher is happy to be the person who’s giving you all materials and ___78___ (help) you put them together. Remember, teachers are people, too. They feel great if you’re open to what they’re teaching you. That’s why they ___79___ (want) to be teachers when they were in school—to teach! So some kids should learn ___80___ to get along with teachers, whether you like the teacher or not.
【答案】71. because 72. types 73. why 74. more comfortable 75. it
76. exciting 77. in 78. helping 79. wanted 80. how
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了良好的师生关系的作用。良好的师生关系能使你在学校过得很愉快，能使你的学习更容易。因此学生应该学会在学校的时候如何与老师相处。
【71题详解】
考查连词。句意：要和老师相处的好，因为这样可以让你在课堂上度过的时间更加愉快。分析句子可知，前后两句是因果关系，故填because 。
【72题详解】
考查名词变复数。句意：一般来说，学习如何与不同类型的人相处是明智的。分析句子可知，本句中的people是复数，许多类型，所以要用复数形式，故填types 。
【73题详解】
考查关系词。句意：有一个非常重要的原因让你这么做。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，先行词the reason，在从句中作状语，此时要用关系副词why，故本空填why。
【74题详解】
考查比较级。句意：与老师相处融洽的孩子不仅学习得更多，而且在更轻松地提问和获得更多帮助。根据后面的“and getting more help”可知，本空格要用比较级，故填more comfortable。
【75题详解】
考查语境及形式宾语。句意：这使得你更容易理解新材料，并在测试中尽你最大的努力。分析句子可知，本句中make的宾语是后面动词不定式，此时可用it做形式宾语，故填it。
【76题详解】
考查形容词作定语。句意：你就像一块海绵，能够吸收许多新的、令人兴奋的信息。本词是修饰名词information，修饰事物用ing形式，故本空填exciting。
【77题详解】
考查语境介词。句意：你可以用新的方式思考所有这些信息。In the way，意为“用这种方式”，“以新的方式”，意为“in new ways”,故填in。
【78题详解】
考查并列结构。句意：在大多数情况下，你的老师很高兴能给你所有的知识，并帮助你整合这些知识。本空与前面的“the person who’s giving you all materials and_8__”可知，此处与 giving 是并列关系，故也要用动词的ing形式，故填helping。
【79题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：这就是为什么他们想在上学的时候当老师的原因！根据后面的时间状语“when they were in school”可知，本句是叙述过去的事情，要用一般过去时，因此本空格填过去时wanted。
【80题详解】
考查语境及疑问副词。句意：因此不管你喜欢与否，有些孩子应该学会在学校的时候如何与老师相处。分析句子的语境可知，此处考查带有疑问副词的不定式短语，根据上下文的意思可知，本空格要填how。

3、江苏省南通市通州区、海门市、启东市2018-2019学年联考高一（上）期末英语试卷
语篇填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不超过1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．将 答案填写在答题卡上．
It was a beautiful morning． As usual I prepared myself for office， locked my room and stepped outside from my hotel． I saw two poor kids under a tree ___41___（stare） at people． I could see the light in their eyes， as they were ___42___（silent） watching people． I went to them and asked why they were sitting there and where their house___43___ （be）．
They replied that they lived nearby， and that they were sitting there ___44___ some passers﹣by would stop，___45___（donate） some food or money to them． A chill （寒意）went through my veins on such a morning． When cold breeze was flowing， they were in ___46___（wear） clothes and trembling， but their hope of getting something was still alive． I told them to stay there and went into ___47___ cafeteria of my hotel， packed some food and gave it to them． Smiles lit___48___their faces and they started eating hurriedly． I also gave them a few packets of biscuits and told them to go home． They thanked me with smiles． I was feeling much ___49___（happy） that I could at least give them some food that of course wouldn't fill their stomachs， but could give them a little___50___（strong）．
【答案】41. staring 42. silently 43. was 44. because 45. donating
46. worn 47. the 48. up 49. happier 50. strength
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者给两个在寒风中等待人们施舍的孩子食物的故事，作者感到非常快乐，因为这点食物至少可以给他们一点力量。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我看见树下有两个可怜的孩子正盯着人们看。see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事，故填staring。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们默默地看着人们。修饰动词watching用副词，故填silently。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意：我问他们为什么坐在那以及他们的家在哪里。讲述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，主语为单数名词，故填was。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们说他们坐在那里是因为一些过路人会停下来，给他们捐一些钱或食物。前后是因果关系，此处表示原因，故填because。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，passers﹣by 与donate之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语，故填donating。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当寒风吹来的时候，他们穿着破旧的衣服，浑身发抖。修饰名词clothes用形容词，故填worn。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：我进入了我住的那家酒店的自助餐厅。此处特指我旅馆的餐厅，所以用定冠词，故填the。
【48题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：笑容着凉了他们的脸庞。light up照亮，故填up。
【49题详解】
考查比较级。句意：我感到快乐得多，因为我至少给了他们一些食物，虽然不能让他们填饱肚子，但可以给他们一点力量。much修饰形容词比较级，故填happier。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意参考上题解析，用名词作宾语，前面有a little修饰，所以为不可数名词，故填strength。

4、江苏省镇江市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语
短文填空请认真阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
I grew up in one of the poorest communities on the south side of Atlanta, US and was raised by a single mother who didn't finish 3rd grade. Not many people expected much of me, so I had to expect something of ___51___.
On my 13th birthday, I bought a poster of Harvard and put it up in my room. Being at Harvard was ___52___ I dreamt about all the time though many people thought it was far ___53___ my reach. I would bum the midnight oil,___54___ (bury) in piles of books. I'd begin my day by asking myself these two questions, "What do I want in my life?" and "Are the things I am doing today going to get me closer to that life?"
___55___ (remind) myself of my goal each made it easy to say no to the same choices I saw my peers making, because those paths wouldn't have taken me closer to my goal. Asking myself those questions gave me the courage and energy to study just one more hour on my SATs when my friends were asleep; and it gave me the determination to submit（提交）just one more scholarship ___56___ (apply) when 180 others had already turned me down.
On March 31st, 2011, ___57___ email arrived from Harvard. The first word was "Congratulations!" A
month later, Harvard invited me to visit the campus ___58___ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater, tour Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall. I couldn't wait to start my ___59___ (explore) here.
Who you are today is the result of the decisions that ___60___ (make) earlier, and who you will be tomorrow will be the result of the choices you make today. Who do you want to be tomorrow?
【答案】51. myself 52. what 53. beyond 54. buried 55. reminding
56. application 57. an 58. where 59. exploration 60. were made
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历说明今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。
【51题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：没有多少人对我期望很高，所以我必须对自己有所期待。文中表示“我自己”，所以填myself。
【52题详解】
考查表语从句。___2___ I dreamt about all the time是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作dreamt about的宾语，表示“我梦想的事情”，所以填what。
【53题详解】
考查固定用法。句意：进入哈佛是我一直以来的梦想，尽管很多人认为这远远超出了我的能力范围。beyond one’s reach超出某人的范围，该用法是固定用法，所以填beyond。
【54题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我会在成堆的书里挑灯夜战。“我”和“埋藏”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，所以填buried。
【55题详解】
考查非谓语动词。I与remind之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填reminding。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：这让我下定决心，在其他180人已经拒绝我的情况下，再提交一份奖学金申请。该空作submit的宾语，用名词，所以填application。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一封来自哈佛的电子邮件到来。泛指“一封电子邮件”，email的首字母发音是元音，用不定冠词an。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。___8___ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater, tour Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the campus，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：我迫不及待地想在这里开始我的探索。该空作start的宾语，用名词，所以填exploration。
【60题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。that ___10___ (make) earlier是一个定语从句，decisions是先行词，关系词替代先行词，decisions与make之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填were made。
5、江苏省泰州市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You see them everywhere: people walking with their attention ___51___(concentrate) on their smartphone screens on busy streets. But walking and texting can be dangerous and cities in the United States and Europe have stepped ___52___ their efforts to deal with it.
In Honolulu, using the phones while crossing the street is forbidden. It has passed a law that says “No pedestrian(行人) shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device. In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street ___53___ you could be fined. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city ___54___(forbid) what is called “distracted walking”.
People ___55___ text while walking are nearly four times as likely to have at least one dangerous action. A lot of people do it ___56___ they know it is dangerous. They tell themselves that it is important.
Using phones while walking may lead to injuries and deaths, but it seems to be a global problem. Pedestrian deaths ___57___(increase) as the use of cell phones rises in the past 5 years, and it is expected that the tendency will continue.
Other cities have come up with creative ways to help protect those using cellphones while walking. A small town near Amsterdam has set up special crosswalks with flashing lights on the ground. When the traffic lights turn red or green, ___58___ do the lights on the ground, reminding pedestrians when it’s safe to cross. In a town of Germany, similar lights were used after a teenager using her smart phone was hit and seriously ___59___(injure).
If you still want to text while walking you could avoid being fined in Honolulu ____60____using voice-controlled digital assistant(数字助手) like Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.
【答案】51. concentrated 52. up 53. or 54. to forbid 55. who 56. though
57. have increased 58. so 59. injured 60. by
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些国家应对行人一边走路一边玩手机所带来的危险所采取的措施。
【51题详解】
考查with的复合结构。句意：你随处可见：在繁忙的街道上，人们的注意力都集中在智能手机屏幕上。attention与concentrate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表示被动，故填concentrated。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：美国和欧洲的城市加大努力应对这一问题。step up表示“加大、提高”，故填up。
【53题详解】
考查连词。句意：换句话说，过马路时不要看手机屏幕，否则会被罚款。祈使句+or+陈述句表示一种不好的结果，故填or。
【54题详解】
考查不定式。句意：檀香山是美国第一个禁止“分神走路”的主要城市。当名词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作定语，故填to forbid。
【55题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：边走路边发信息的人有至少一次危险行为的可能性是其他人的四倍。先行词为People，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
【56题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：尽管知道这很危险，很多人还是这样做。此处表示“尽管”，应该用though引导这个让步状语从句，故填though。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的五年里，随着手机使用的增加，行人死亡人数也在增加。“in the past 5 years”表明使用现在完成时，故填have increased。
【58题详解】
考查倒装。句意：当交通灯变红或变绿时，地面上的灯也变红或变绿，提醒人们什么时候过马路是安全的。“so+助动词+主语”表示前面所说的情况也适用于后面的人或物，意为“也一样”，故填so。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在德国的一个小镇，一个使用智能手机的青少年被撞并严重受伤后，人们也使用了类似的灯。此处用形容词作表语，表示“受伤的”，故填injured。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：如果你还想一边走路一边发短信，那么在檀香山使用语音助手Siri或谷歌语音助手可以避免被罚款。此处表示“通过、凭借”，故填by。
6、江苏省无锡市普通高中2018-2019学年高一上学期期末英语
短文语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A girl ___61___(name)Dina was born in California in 1932. After ___62___(graduat