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八年级下册Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks知识点
Section A
1. help v./n. 帮助 → helpful adj. 有帮助的
1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ; 2). help (sb.) with sth. 在某方面帮助某人;
3). help oneself (to)自用(食物等); 4). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难,渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作;
5). with the help of 在……帮助下;
2. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 3. hope n./v. 希望;期望
hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope so. 希望如此。 I hope not. 但愿不会
4.cheer up 使振奋,使高兴的(v. +adv) cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴
5. give out =hand out分发
【give短语】:give back=return 归还 give sb. a call 给……打电话 give away 赠送
give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人 give up (doing sth.) 放弃(做某事)
give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物
6. volunteer v. 志愿 n. 志愿者 volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
7. come up with =think up 想出
catch up with 赶上,追上 end up with结束;以…结束 keep up with 跟上;跟、保持联系
8. Clean-up Day 清洁日
9. use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的
use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事 be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
used to do sth 过去常常做某事,表示过去做过的事现在已经不做,只用于过去时态。
10. alone / lonely 辨析:
alone = by oneself adj. 单独的,指无人陪伴的客观事实,不带感情色彩。
lonely ①指人孤独的,寂寞的,强调主观感受;②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
11. care for 照看;照顾; 照料
【care短语】take care =be careful 当心,小心 take care of = look after 照顾,照料,照看
12. “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语 I don’t know what to do. I don’t’ know how to do it .
13. such和so用法辨析:
词条
词性
用法
常用结构
such
形容词
修饰名词
such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数
such+ 除many/few/much/little之外的形容词+名词
so
程度副词
修饰形容词或副词
so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数
so+ many/few /much/little +名词
so …that 如此…..以致……,引导结果状语从句
【记】名前such,形副so,多多少少(many, much, few, little)都用so。
14. at the age of 在......岁的时候 = when sb. was ... years old.
15. decide v. → decision n.决定,抉择 decide to do sth. 决定做某事
make a decision (to do sth.) = make decisions (to do sth.) 下定决心(做某事)
16. try out 参加…选拔 try on 试穿
try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try one’s best to do sth. = do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事
16. once = one time一次;twice= two times; 两次三次或三次以上用:“基数词+times”
three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次
17. learn to do sth. 学习做某事
18. go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行
19. one’s dream come true 实现
【come短语】come from 来自 come back 回来 come out 出来 come on 加油,快点 come in 进来 come back 回来 come true 实现 come up with 想出
20. at the same time 同时
21. would like to do sth.= feel like doing sth.=want to do sth. 想要做某事
22. put up 张贴 put on 穿上 put off 推迟,延期 put away 存放,放好
23. raise money筹款 raise money for… 为…筹款
24. be worried about = worry about 担心…,忧虑… don’t worry 不要担心
25. in one’s free time = in one’s spare time 在某人的空闲时间
26. luck n.→lucky adj. 幸运的→unlucky adj. 不幸的→luckily adv. 幸运地→unluckily adv.不幸地
27. what to do / how to do it
28. spend v. 花费,度过 spend … on sth. 花费…在…上 spend … (in) doing sth. 花费…做某事
spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光
29. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事 stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
Section B
1. run out of 和 run out
run out of 主语是人,sb. run out of sth. 某人用完某事物
run out 主语是物,sth. run out 某物用光了
2. take after = be similar to在(外貌、性格等方面)与(父母)相像
【take短语】take off 脱下;起飞 take up 占去(时间或空间) take care 小心
take care of 照顾 take place 发生 take out 拿出 take away 拿走
【look短语】:look after 照顾 look up 向上看,查找 look for 寻找 look out 小心
look at 看… have a look 看一看 look forward to (doing sth.) 期待做某事
3. repair v “修理;修复” fix up=repair 修理
4. write a letter to sb. =write sb. a letter = write to sb. 给某人写信
5. be sure 确信,确保
be sure of/about doing sth,“确信……”;“对……有把握”。
be sure to do sth. 必定/一定做某事
6. set up =build建立
7. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的 (既可以做表语,也可做定语) disabled people 残疾人
【加前缀dis- 构成的词】 dislike 不喜欢dishonest 不诚实 disappear 消失
8. make it +adj. +for sb. to do sth. 使做某事对某人来说…
9. makes a difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某事有影响;对某人/某事有起作用
10. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
11. answer the telephone 接电话
12. bring , take , carry 和 get
bring v.拿来,带来 (把人或者物从别处带到说话的地方)
take v.拿走,带走 (把人或者物从说话的地方带到别处)
carry v. 搬运,携带(没有方向性)
get = fetch v. 去取来 (指去某处把人或者物带回来,表示来回)
13. a friend of mine 双重所有格,相当于 one of my friends
双重所有格的结构:n. + of + ’s所有格 / 名词性物主代词
14. be excited about 对......感到激动
excite v. 刺激,使…兴奋激动→ exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 /excited adj. 感到兴奋的
15. be/ feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸运。
16. change one’s life 改变某人的一生
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