六年级下册英语语法.doc

六年级第二学期英语语法知识复习资料

一、 现在进行时：
1、表示正在发生的动作。
2、构成：主语+be动词+现在分词+其它。eg：Jenny is waking up。
3、时间词：now、listen、look ……
4、现在分词变化方法：
（1）直接加“ing”。eg：watch—watching go—going wash—washing comb—combing show—showing walk—walking play—playing
do—doing read—reading fly—flying buy—buying look—looking sing—singing
（2）以不发音字母“e”结尾的，去“e”加“ing”。eg：like—liking leave—leaving arrive—arriving wake—waking come—coming ride—riding have—having take—taking skate—skating
注意：特殊变法：lie—lying
（3）重读闭音节，双写加“ing”。eg：hit—hitting put—putting
run—running sit—sitting skip—skipping swim—swimming
shop—shopping get—getting
二、 一般过去时：
1、表示在过去的时间发生的事情或存在的状态。
2、构成：主语+动词过去式+其它。eg：They taught each other a sport。
3、时间词：yesterday、last ……
动词过去式变化方法：
（一）、规则变化。
（1）直接加“ed”。eg：play—played want—wanted watch—watched yell—yelled happen—happened look—looked call—called
talk—talked laugh—laughed ask—asked walk—walked
watch—watched
（2）以不发音字母“e”结尾的，直接加“d”。eg：invite—invited
like—liked
注意：特殊变法：lie—lay
（3）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“ed”。eg：
study—studied
（4）重读闭音节，双写加“ed”。eg：stop—stopped
(二)不规则变化。
eg：do—did go—went buy—bought teach—taught think—thought can—could am/is—was are—were win—won lose—lost
eat—ate make—made run—ran say—said swim—swam
find——found have—had see—saw get—got forget—forgot
（三）过去式相同：
eg：hurt—hurt hit——hit read—read put—put cut—cut
三、 一般将来时：
1、表示将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
2、构成：主语+will+动词原形+其它。eg：I will invite some friends。
3、时间词：tomorrow、next ……
四、形容词变副词：
1、直接加“ly”。eg：slow—slowly quick—quickly sad—sadly
careful—carefully loud—loudly quiet—quietly
2、以“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“ly”。eg：easy—easily
happy—happily
五、可数名词复数的变化方法：
1、直接加“s”。eg：muscle—muscles season—seasons
cloud—clouds gift—gifts surprise—surprises bone——bones
vegetable—vegetables
2、以“s”“x”“sh”“ch”“o”结尾的，加“es”。eg：beach—beaches
bus—buses box—boxes tomato—tomatoes
注意：少数以“o”结尾的，也加“s”。eg：zoo—zoos radio—radios
3、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，变“y”为“i”加“es”。eg：
family—families strawberry—strawberries
4、以“f”“fe”结尾的，变“f”“fe”为“ves”。eg：leaf—leaves
5、不规则变化。eg：man—men woman—women child—children
foot—feet tooth—teeth toothbrush—toothbrushes
6、单复数相同。eg：fish—fish sheep—sheep deer—deer
六、反义词：
eg：teach—learn throw—catch hard—easy heavy—light
win—lose up—down strong—weak right—wrong/left
before—after healthy—sick same—different good—bad
put on—take off clean—dirty small—big cry—laugh
ask—answer high—low above—below cold—hot new—old
cool—warm old—new/young fast—slow slowly—quickly
white—black expensive—cheap dry—wet yes—no won—lost
remember—forget smile—frown right—left
七、1、对应词：
father—mother daughter—son south—north east—west boy—girl
sister—brother grandpa—grandma morning—evening man—woman
2、同义词：
airplane—plane bike—bicycle grandpa—grandfather like—love
grandmother—grandma soccer—football fall—autumn fast—quick
hear—listen
3、同音词：
hour—our right—write weak—week four—fall sun—son
two—too know—no
4、how much多少元 how old多少岁 how long多长 how tall多高
how many多少个 how fall多远 how often多久一次
5、时间从小到大排序：second秒—minute分—hour时—day天—week周—month月—year年
八、单三人称。不是“I”也不是“you”的一个人。
一般的单三形式：leave—leaves watch—watches fly—flies
特殊的单三形式：go—goes do—does have—has