高考介词讲解和习题集(答案解析)介词.doc

介词
1.      介词的分类
1) 简单介词   通常指一个单词的介词   如：at，between，in，to等
2) 合成介词   指有两个单词合在一起构成的介词  如：into，upon，without等
3) 介词短语   指有两个或两个以上单词组合在一起所构成的介词，如because of，in front of等
①    介词短语的构成：  “介词+宾语”结构叫做介词短语。能作介词宾语的有名词、代词、数词或从句   e.g. Who’s knocking at the door?（名词）
②    介词短语的用法
A.作状语  e.g. I arrived at the concert hall in time（时间状语）.
B.作定语  e.g. Here is a cheque for $30（定语）.
 C.作表语  e.g. The museum is just across the street（表语）.
 D.作宾语补足语   e.g. We must keep the classroom in good order（补语：表明教室的状态）.
2.      常用介词用法辨析
1)      表示时间的介词
①    表示年、月、日、时刻等用at，in，on
A．at用于表示时刻、时刻的某一点  e.g. at eleven o’clock \ at noon \  at present
B．on用于表示某日，某天的上午、下午、晚上  e.g. on Saturday \ On March 8th
C．in用于表示一段时间或季节   e.g. in December \ in spring
②    表示前后用before，after
A. before:在….之前    e.g. Come and see me tomorrow at any time before eleven a.m.
B. after:在….之后      e.g. Spring comes after winter.
③    表示期限等用by，until，till
A.      by: 在….之前，不迟于 e.g. By the time I arrived, she had already gone.
B.      Until，till: 直到….为止 e.g. The radio worked all night till last night.
④    表示期间等用for，during，through，between
A.      for: 达….之久（表示过了多少时间） e.g. My Johnson stayed in China for 2 weeks.
B.      during: 在…时期当中    e.g. He woke many times during the night.
C.      through: 在整整一段时间内   e.g. She sat there, alone, all through that day.
D.     between: 在（两个时间）之间，突出时间的起点和终点，相当于from….to
e.g. He kept on  working between seven and twelve last night.
⑤    表示时间的起点用from，since
A.      from: 从….起     e.g. From sunrise to sunset he waited.
B.      since: 自从….以来 e.g. Since my last letter I have heard from him twice.
⑥    表示时间的经过等用in，within
A.      in: 过….后（未来时间）  e.g. I heard that she would be back in a month.
B.      within: 以内，不超过    e.g. He will arrive within an hour.
2)      表示场所、方向的介词
①    表示场所的介词：at，in，on，above，over，under，below，near，by，between，among，around，round，about，in front of，behind
e.g. There are many trees around the lake.
【注】表示“某地在….里”时要用in（包含关系）；表示“某地在另外一地某方向”时要用on或to；如果两地有空间距离（不接壤）时，必须用to
②    表示方向的介词：in，into，out of，along，down，across，through，to，towards，for，from，over，by，past
e.g. You must put the dirty paper in the basket.
3)      表示原因的介词
①    常用来表示原因的介词有because of，for  e.g. Because of her illness my grandma stayed in bed for a week.
②    某些其他介词也可用来表示原因，如at，from，with，of   e.g. The old man died of cancer.
4)      其他介词的用法
①    表示手段和材料等用法的介词:with，in，by
A．with：和…在一起，带有、具有，用某种工具或方法  e.g. He is playing with his children.
B．in：以…形式，以…方式；用…语言；表示衣着、声调特点 e.g. She keeps a diary in English.
C．by：被…   e.g. Around the city were mountains covered by snow.
②    表示“由….制成”的介词:of，from
A.      of：表示成品看得出原材料   e.g. The table is made of wood.
B.      from：表示成品看不出原材料 e.g. This kind of paper is made from wood.
③    表示其他的介词:without，like，as，against等
A.      without：没有   e.g. He rushed to the office without having his breakfast.
B.      like：像，如，跟…一样   e.g. What’s he like?
C.      as：作为     e.g. He is famous as a scientist here.
D.     against：靠着，反对    e.g. Don’t stand against the door.
3.      常见的介词短语
1)      动词+介词            look after，prepare for，agree with，listen to，wait for
2)      Be+形容词+介词  be proud of，be different from，be famous for，be pleased with，be kind to，be good at，be late for，be afraid of
3)      名词+介词             key to，reason for，difficulty in，progress in，way of
4)      固定介词搭配       at the moment，by chance，by turns，for ever，in fact，on business

中考题库4 介词
选择题
1.(2010．河北中考) Sally is very happy. There is a big smile her face.
A. on B. to C. in D. a
2.（2010．娄底中考） —It’s very important     us to make a plan before a new term.
—Yes. You must try to make it carefully.
A. of              B. for          C. to
3.(2010·盐城中考)It’s very kind _______you. Thank you for your help
A. of B. for C. to D. on
4.(2010.·内江中考)All of us went to the park______ Bob. He had to look after his sister.
A. besides B. with C. except
5.（2010 ·自贡中考）—We’ll have a hiking trip, but when shall we meet?
--Let’s make it _________half past eight _______the morning of June 21.
A. at; in B./;on C./;in
6. (2010·潍坊中考) The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks _______his mother.
A. beside B. behind C. below D. under
7.（2010·南京中考）Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born _______November,1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
8. (2010·上海中考)The famous actor often plays ________his children in the park.
A. about B. in C. at D. with
9.（2010·晋江中考）– Peter, can you tell me the differences __________ the four words?
--Sorry, I don’t know.
A. between B. among C. for
10.（2010·成都中考）—Frank, when will the short meeting begin?
--You should come _______2:30 .If you come 10 minutes ________that time ,the meeting will be over.
A. at; before B. at; after C. after; before
11. (2009·北京中考) Einstein, the famous scientist, was born ______ March, 1879.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
12. (2009·河南中考) -When is Henry’s birthday party, Lynn?
-The 18th, about three o’clock in the afternoon.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
13. (2009·连云港中考) -What’s the TV news______?
-The Chinese Team won five gold medals at World Table Tennis Championships.
A. at B. across C. above D. about
14. (2009·山东中考) Lin Lin often practices English ______ chatting with her American friend.
A. in B. by C. for D. with
15. (2009·龙岩中考) - Where is Taiwan, do you know?
-Why? It’s ______the southeast of China.
A. in B. on C. to
16. (2009·淄博中考) Tom told me his parents had arrived Beijing.
A. at B. on C. in D. to
17. (2009·宁夏中考) -When will the party be held?
-________ two weeks’ time, ________ 15th July.
A. In; on B. In; in C. On; on D. At; on
18. (2009·黔东南中考) Taiwan is a beautiful island and it’s _________ the east of Fujian.
A. in B. on C. to
19. (2009·泰安中考) -Xiao Shenyang is so popular us.
-Yeah, he is one of my favorite pop stars.
A. for B. to C. with D. on
20. (2009·东营中考) Here are some flowers ________ you ________ our best wishes.
A. to; for             B. for; with          C. of; to          D. from; to
21. (2009·重庆中考) I got an e-mail this morning. It was _______ my foreign friend, Tony.
A. in B. on C. at D. from
22. (2009·成都中考) –Can you see some people are waiting _______ the library?
-Yes. They are standing in a queue in front of its gate.
A. around B. inside C. outside
23. (2009·哈尔滨中考) You can find a way to reach your goals when you are proud _______ yourself and stand tall like a sunflower.
A. on B. from C. of
24. (2009·南充中考) –What did you study _______ university?
-I didn’t go _______ university.
A. at; to B. for; into C. for; in
25. (2009·绍兴中考) Linda’s teacher was so mad ________ her because she made lots of mistakes in the test.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
26. (2009·施恩中考) There is going to be a wonderful party ________ the evening of October 1st,
2009.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
27. (2009·河北中考) Let’s play table tennis ______ Tuesday morning, shall we?
A. on B. in C. to D. at
28. (2009·济宁中考) We have been doing much better in English ________ our teacher’s help.
A. in B. to C. for D. with
29. (2009·深圳中考) -Which would you like, tea or coffee?
-Either _________ OK, but I prefer coffee _________ milk.
A. is, has    B. are, with    C. is, with      D. are, has
30. (2009·安徽中考) –Why are you standing there, Maggie?
-I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ______ me.
A. behind B. in the front of C. beside D. next to
31. (2009·漳州中考) The young men walked ______ the forest and came to a big river at last.
A. on B. over C. through D. across
32. (2008·山西中考) ________ a teacher, John thinks that his main duty is to help the students to become better learners.
A. As B. By C. About
33. (2008·临沂中考) -What time will you be home?
-I don’t know. It depends ________ the traffic.
A. of B. on C. for D. from
34. (2008·连云港中考) –Is the tie made ________ silk?
-Yes. It’s made ________ Italy.
A. from, in B. of, in C. from, of D. of, from
35. (2008·巴中中考) -Thank you very much ________ helping me.
-Not at all.
A. for B. of C. to
36. (2008·莆田中考) He often borrows things ________ others, but he doesn’t lend anything ________ anybody.
A. to, from B. from, to C. from, for
37. (2008·咸宁中考) -All the clerks went home ________ Mr. Wang. Why?
-Because he had to finish his work.
A. except B. besides C. without D. beside
38. (2008·茂名中考) The fastest way to travel to Shanghai is _______ air .
A. in B. by C. on
39. (2008·安徽中考) –What do you often do _________ classes to relax yourself?
-Listen to music.
A. over B. among C. between D. through
40. (2008·南通中考) Our English teacher was standing ________ us so that she could hear us all clearly.
A. away from B. far behind C. between D. among.
41. (2008·徐州中考) You can improve your English ________ reading more.
A. in B. with C. by D. of
42. (2008·海南中考) Hainan celebrated ( 庆祝) her twentieth birthday _______ April 26, 2008.
A. in B. at C. on
43. (2008·北京中考) Peter usually gets up early _________ the morning.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
44. (2008·泸州中考) The little boys go to school ________ Monday to Saturday.
A. on B. from C. to
45. (2008·河北中考) You must ride your bike ________ the right side of the road.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
46. (2008·成都中考) When the school building began to shake, the teachers ran downstairs _________ all the students. The teachers are real heroes.
A. after B. with C. since D. for
47. (2008·芜湖中考) The policeman helped the old woman _________ the road.
A. above B. across C. through D. over
48. (2008·芜湖中考) The way we learn English is quite different ________ that we learn maths.
A. from B. off C. between D. with
49. (2007·乐山中考) Many teachers believe that children learn_________ life, not just from their textbooks.
A. of B from C. for D. with
50. (2007·重庆中考) Many sportsmen are getting ready ______ the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A. to B. with C. for D. on
51. (2007·杭州中考) Oh, it’s you, Ella! Your voice sounds very different ________ the phone. What’s happening?
A. from B. in C. of D. on
52. (2007·连云港中考) It is important _______ us students to make a plan ________ our studies before a new term starts.
A. for, for B. of, for C. to, of D. with, on

1-5 ABACB 6-10ACDBB
11．【解析】选C。考查时间介词in的用法。由表示月份的关键词March可排除A、B、D三项，选C。
【解析】选B。考查时间介词at的用法。由表示时间点的关键信息about three o’clock可排除A、C、D三项，故选B。
【解析】选D。考查介词about的用法。由答语可知题意为：电视新闻是关于什么的？“about”有“关于”的意思。故选D。
【解析】选B。考查介词by表达方式、途径。由题意“林琳常常通过和她的美国朋友聊天来练习英语” 可选B。by在这里意为“通过某种方式”。
【解析】选A
【解析】选C。考查介词in的用法。由关键词arrived可联想到arrive at/ in短语，先排除B、D二项；因为Beijing是大地点，故舍A选C。
【解析】选A
【解析】选C
【解析】选C。be popular with sb.是固定用法，表示“受某人欢迎”。分析比较四个选项可选C。
【解析】选B。题意为“这儿有一些给你的带着我们最美好祝愿的花”。for表示对象，意为“为”，with our best wishes是介词短语，作名词some flowers的后置定语。故正确答案为B。
21-25 DCCAA 26-31 BADCBC
32．【解析】选A。考查介词as的用法。根据题意“作为一名教师，约翰认为他的主要责任是帮助学生变成更好的学习者”可选出正确答案。as在题中意思是“作为”。
【解析】选B。四个选项都是介词，由关键词depends可选出正确答案为B。depend on也可以说成depend upon，意为“依靠、依赖、靠……决定”，后面接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语。
【解析】选B。be made of 意为“由……制成的”能看得出原材料，be made from意为“由……制成的”看不出原材料， be made in 意为“在……地方制造”。根据句意“领带是由丝制的”看的出原材料，先排除A、C；另结合答语“它在意大利被制造”可舍D选B。
【解析】选A。“Thank you for…”和“Thanks for…”的用法一样，都是对别人已做的事表示感谢，后面接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。本题由关键信息thank you可排除B、C，故选A。
【解析】选B。borrow意为“借入”，常与from搭配；lend意为“借出”，常与to搭配，故选B。
【解析】选A。考查except与besides的区别。except是“除了……(不包含在内)”，而 besides是“除了……，还(包含在内)……”。由句意可知是“除了王先生(不包含王先生)”故选A。
【解析】选B。当名词前面没有任何修饰词时，应用by。故排除A、C两项，选B。
【解析】选C。考查between和among的辨析。between用于两者之间的比较，among用于三者或二者以上的比较，over “在…..之上”，through是“穿过（空间内部）”，通过题意可以看出是两节课之间。选C。
40-45 DCCBBB 46-50 ABABC
51．【解析】选D。根据题意“在电话里你的声音听起来非常不同”可选出正确答案为D。on the phone是“在电话里”的意思。需要注意的是，我们不要受different的干扰而选A。
【解析】选A。“It is +adj. +for sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事怎么样”，这样由关键信息It is important和to make a plan可排除B、C、D三个选项。另第二个空填for，是“为……”的意思。