初中英语倒装句复习.doc

初中英语倒装句复习
倒装：
1 倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和　一般过去时。常见的结构有：
　 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
　　 There goes the bell.
　　 Then came the chairman.
　　 Here is your letter.
　 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
　　 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
　　 Ahead sat an old woman.
　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
　　 Here he comes.　　　　Away they went.
2 倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

　 1)　句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
　　 Never have I seen such a performance.
　　 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.
　　 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
　当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。
　　 I have never seen such a performance.
　　 The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例题　　

1)　Why can't I smoke here?
　　 At no time___ in the meeting-room
A. is smoking permitted　　B.　smoking is permitted
C. smoking is it permitted　D.　does smoking permit
答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2） Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.
　　 A. man did know　 B. man know　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know
　答案D.　 看到Not until…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。
　改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。
3 以否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than
　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.
　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例题
No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.
A. the game began　　　　　 B.　has the game begun
C. did the game begin　　　 D.　had the game begun
答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when　等等。

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
　 Not only you but also I am fond of music.
4 so, neither, nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。　　　　
　　 Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
　　 If you won't go, neither will I.

典型例题
　 ---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?
　 ---I don't know, _____.
　 A. nor don't I care　　B. nor do I care　　C. I don't care neither　　D. I don't care also
答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

　 注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为 "的确如此"。
　 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
　 ---It's raining hard.　　　---So it is.
5 only在句首要倒装的情况
Only in this way, can you learn English well.
　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.
　 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.
6 as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

注意：
　　　 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
　　　 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,　 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

注意:
　　让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
7 其他部分倒装
1)　 so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。
　　 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

2)　在某些表示祝愿的句型中：
　　 May you all be happy.

3)　在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
　 Were I you, I would try it again.

典型例题：
1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is　　
A. man did know　 B. man knew　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know
答案为D.　否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.　
A. didn't I realize　　B. did I realize　　C. I didn't realize　D. I realize
　答案为B。

3)　Do you know Tom bought a new car?
　 I don't know, ___.
　 A. nor don't I care　 B. nor do I care　
　 C. I don't care neither　D. I don't care also
　解析：答案为B.　句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示 "也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。
1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.
    A. didn't I realize    B. did I realize    C. I didn't realize    D. I realized
    2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.
    A. you can    B. can you    C. you will    D. will you
    3. If you don't go， neither ____.     A. shall I    B. do I    C. I do    D. I shall
    4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.
    A. had I got， when    B. I had got， than    C. had I got， than    D. did I get， when
    5. —— Your father is very strict with you.       ____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours.
    A. So he is    B. So is he    C. He is so    D. So does he
    6. ____ today， he would get there by Sunday.
    A. Would he leave    B. Was he leaving    C. Were he to leave    D. If he leave
    7. Never in my life ____ such a thing.
    A. I have heard or have seen   B. have I heard or seen  C. I have heard or seen  D. did I hear or see
  8. —— Here ____！ Where is Xiao Liu？
       There ____.
    A. comes the bus，is he B. comes the bus，he is C. the bus comes，is he D. the bus comes，he is
    9. ____ ， I will not buy it.
    A. Much as do I like it    B. As much I like it    C. Much as I like it    D. As I like it much
    10. —— I like football. I don't like volleyball.
       ____.     A. So do I    B. Neither do I    C. So it is with me    D. So is it with me
    11. _____ the expense， I _____ to Italy.
    A. If it were not， go    B. Were it not for， would go
    C. Weren't it for， will go    D. If it hadn't been， would have gone
    12. So _____ in the darkness that he didn't dare to move an inch.
    A. he was frightened    B. was he frightened    C. frightened he was    D. frightened was he
    13. —— In modem times， girls like beautiful clothes.
      Yes, _____ and         . After all, our life has greatly improved.
    A. so do they， so do you    B. so they do， so you do
    C. so do they， so you do    D. so they do， so do you
14. —— You have an English class every day except Sunday.
       _____.     A. So we have    B. So we do    C. So have we    D. So do we
    15. I wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _____， so _____ mine.
    A. does， will    B. will， does    C. will， would    D. does， do
    16. Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.
    A. that I knew    B. did I knew    C. 1 could know    D. I did know
    17. —— You seem to have learned all the English words by heart.
      _____ .     A. So l do    B. So do l    C. So I have    D. So have I
    18. —— I seldom watch TV， but listen to the radio a lot.
       _____   .     A. So do I    B. Neither do I    C. I m the same    D. So it is with me
    19. So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.
    A. he seemed    B. did he seem    C. was he seeming    D. he did look
    20. Jimmy was so nervous not a single word _____ down in the dictation.
    A. he wrote    B. he was written    C. did he write    D. was he written
    21. Little ______ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me.
    A. have I known    B. had I known    C. do 1 know    D. did I know
    22. —— Have you ever seen anything like that before？
---- ____.
    A. No， I never have seen anything like that before
    B. No， never I have seen anything like that before
    C. No， never have 1 seen anything like that before
    D. No， I have seen anything like that before never
23. _____ ， 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party.
    A. Were I you    B. Was I you    C. Had I been you    D. Would 1 be you
    24. You should work less _____.
    A. and neither should I    B. and so should I    C. and nor should I   D. and so I should
    25. _____ and caught the mouse.
    A. Up the cat jumped    B. The cat up jumped    C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat
    26. Not only _____ a promise， but also he kept it.
    A. did he make    B. he made    C. does he make    D. has he made
    27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____.
    A. So is his aunt    B. So has his aunt    C. So his aunt does    D. So it is with his aunt
    28. Not once _____ their plan.
    A. did they change    B. they changed    C. changed they    D. they did change
    29. —— Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother？
    I don't know, and ______ .
    A. nor don't I care    B. nor do I care    C. I don't care neither    D. I don't care also
  30. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.
    A. did    B. would    C. when    D. that
    31. —— This is one of the oldest trees in the world.
      _____ such a big tree.
    A. Never I have seen    B. I haven't never seen    C. Never have I seen    D. I have seen never
    32. Nowhere else in the world _____ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业， 成衣业）than in Hong Kong.
    A. a tourist can find    B. can a tourist find    C. a tourist will find    D. a tourist has found
    33. _____ succeed in doing anything.
    A. Only by working hard we can    B. By only working hard we can
    C. Only we can by working hard    D. Only by working hard can we
    34. _____ that we all went out， lying in the sun.
A. So fine was the weather    B. So was the fine weather 
C. The weather was so fine was    D. So the weather was tine
    35. ____ a nice man ____ that we all believe him.
    A. So， did he seem    B. So， he seemed    C. Such， he seemed    D. Such， did he seem
36. ——You seem to be an actor.
      ____  . I have played many parts in a lot of films. A. So do I   B. So am I   C. So I do   D. So I am
    37. Not only ____   working hard， but also ____ very polite.
    A. the boy is， he is    B. is the boy， he is    C. the boy is， is he    D. is the boy， is he
    38. ____， he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
    A. Try as he does    B. As he tries    C. Try as does he    D. As try he does
    39. —— I cannot see the picture well from here.
---- _____.     A. Neither can t I    B. Neither I can    C. I can't neither    D. Neither can I
    40. —— You ought to have given them some advice
---- _____, but who cared what I asked?
    A. So ought you    B. So 1 ought    C. So it was    D. So I did
    41. So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.
    A. he drives    B. does he drive    C. did he drive    D. he drove
    42. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.
    A. he cared    B. did he care    C. he cares    D. does he care
    43. Well ____ know him and well ____ know me.
    A. I did， he did    B. did I， he did    C. did I， did he    D. I did， did he
44. No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street.
    A. did they hear the news than    B. did they hear the news when
    C. had they heard the news than    D. had they heard the news when
    45. Little wonder _____ up their hands in dismay.
    A. have some thrown    B. some have thrown    C. thrown some have    D. have thrown some
    46. ____， he would have passed the exam.
    A. If he were to study    B. If he studied hard    C. Had he studied hard   D. Should he study hard
    47. We were lucky enough， for no sooner _____ home _____ it rained.
A. we returned， and    B. we had returned， when   
C. did we return， when    D. had we returned， than
    48. So little _____ agree on the plan that they could not settle their difference.
    A. did they    B. do they    C. they did    D. they did not
    49. _____ he realized it was too late to return home.
    A. No sooner it grew dark than    B. Hardly did it grow dark when
C. It was not until dark that    D. It was until dark that    
参考答案    1~5 BDACA     6~10 CBBCC     11~15 BDDBA     16~20 BADBC     21~25 DCABC    26~30 ADABA     31~35 CBDAD     36~40 DBADD     41~45 CBCCB     46~49 CDAC