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八年级英语上册期中考试复习
Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
u 词组:
• go on vacation去度假
• stay at home待在家里
• go to the mountains去爬山
• go to the beach去海滩
• visit museums 参观博物馆
• go to summer camp去参观夏令营
• quite a few相当多
• study for为……而学习
• go out出去
• most of the time大部分时间
• taste good尝起来很好吃
• have a good time doing玩得高兴
• of course当然
feel like给……的感觉;感受到
• go shopping去购物
• in the past在过去
• walk around四处走走
• because of因为
• drink tea喝茶
• find out找出;查明
• go on doing继续
• take photos照相
• something important重要的事
• up and down上上下下
• come up 出来
• buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
• taste + adj. 尝起来……
• look + adj. 看起来……
• do nothing…but+动词原形 除了…之外什么都没有
• seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来……
• arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点
get to /reach到达某地
• decide to do sth.决定去做某事
• forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
• forget to do sth.忘记做某事
• start doing sth.开始做某事
• stop doing sth. 停止做某事
• dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
• keep doing sth.继续做某事
• Why not do. sth.?为什么不做……呢?
• So +adj. + that+从句 如此……以至于……
• tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
• enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事
知识点
• 1. on vacation 度假
on vacation = on holiday 意为“度假”
• 2. anything interesting 一些有趣的东西
• 1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。
somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定代词。
— Hi, Mark. I’m new here. Can you tell me about our school?
— Of course, Linda.
A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
• There isn’t ______ with your bicycle. you can ride home
A something wrong B anything wrong
C wrong something D nothing wrong
• 2)当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,放在这些词的后面;
There isn’t ______ with your bicycle. you can ride home
A something wrong B anything wrong
C wrong something D nothing wrong
• 3)这些不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:
• Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗?
• something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中,而anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。如:
• Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问)
• Why don’t you visit someone with me? 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢?(表建议)
• 3. 提建议的句子:
• ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如:What/ How about going shopping?
• ②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如:Why don’t you go shopping?
• ③Why not + do sth. ? 如:Why not go shopping?
• ④Let’s + do sth. 如: Let’s go shopping
• ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping?
• 4. long time no see 好久不见
• 5. quite a few 相当多
6、 a few 与 a little 的区别,few 与 little 的区别
• ⑴ a few 一些 修饰可数名词
• a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者都表肯定意义
如:He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。
There is a little sugar in the bottle.
在瓶子里有一些糖。
• ⑵ few 少数的 修饰可数名词
little 少数的 修饰不可数名词
但两者都表否定意义
如:He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。
There is little sugar in the bottle.
在瓶子里没有多少糖。
There are ______ people, so it’s very crowded (拥挤的)
A quite a few B a lot C a little D few
• 7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。
• seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”,是个连系动词,构成的短语有:
• seem to do sth. 好像做某事
如:They seem to talk in class.
他们似乎上课说话。
• seem(to be)+adj. 似乎......
如:He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday.
昨天他似乎病了。
• It seems that + 从句 似乎......
如It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。
8、-ed及-ing的区别
• 相似但有区别词语:
• interested adj. 感兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的
• surprised adj. 感到惊奇的 surprising adj. 惊奇的
• tired 累的 tiring 令人疲惫的
• excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激动的
• amazed 惊讶的 amazing 令人惊讶的
• worried 担忧的 worrying 令人担心的
• relaxed 放松的 relaxing 令人放松的
• bored 烦躁的 boring 令人烦躁的
• 11. decide 意为“决定”,是动词。它的名词形式为decision。构成的短语有:
decide to do sth.
decide on doing sth. 决定做某事
make a decision to do sth.
• 决定不要做某事,要用decide not to do sth.。
• 如:Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。
• It’s only 19:00. we decide ______ home
A going B go to C not to go D not to go to
• 16. bring sth.to +地点,意为“带来”,其反义词是take。如:
• Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来。
• Please take your book to your school. 请把你的书带到你的学校去
• 17.enough 足够
形容词+enough 如:beautiful enough足够漂亮
enough+名词 如:enough food 足够食物
enough to 足够…去做…
如:I have enough money to go to Beijing.
She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了
Anna is _____ to work out the problems.
A.careful enough B.enough careful
C. carefully enough D. enough carefully
• 18. so … that 如此…以致于
引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词、副词. that 后面跟从句。
如:She was so sad that she couldn’t say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。
• 19. taste good 尝起来很好吃。taste 系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。其他表示状态的系动词有:feel(觉得) keep(保持)stay(保持)seem(好像)look(看来像……)smell(闻起来)sound(听起来……)taste(尝起来……)
• 系动词与形容词连用
• The weather stays very hot。天气非常热。 He seems very clever。 他好像很聪明。
• Jim looks like his father吉姆长得像他父亲。The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了。
• That sounds a good idea。 那听起来是个好主意。 The soup tastes very delicious。这汤尝起来非常香。
• I feel sick。 我感到难受。
Keep quiet,please! 请安静下来!
The cookies ________ good. Can I have some more?
A. taste B. smell C. feel D. sound
语法 一般过去时
• 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
• Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
• He ate junk food last week .(改为否定句)
• 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:
• He was already in the habit of reading widely in his boyhood.他童年时就养成了广泛阅读的习惯。
• We went swimming every day last summer.去年夏天我们每天去游泳。
• He often came to see me when I was in hospital.在我住院期间,他经常来看我。
一般过去时
• 谓语动词变过去式的规则:
• 动词情况构成方式例词一般情况加-ed :
play—played, work—worked,look—looked
以 -e 结尾的动词加-d :live—lived,hope—hoped, arrive—arrived
• 以辅音字母 -y 结尾的动词变y为i加-ed :
study—studied,cry—cried,reply—replied
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词双写辅音字母加-ed :stop—stopped,regret—regretted,pat—patted,nod—nodded,plan—planned
不规则动词不规则变化(见附表)begin—began,
一般过去时
• 一般过去时态的否定和疑问:
• 1)谓语是实义动词时,要借助于助动词did
• We didn’t see anything wonderful yesterday .
• Did they finish their homework last Sunday ?
• She didn’t do any work this morning .
• When did he come to your school ?
• 2)谓语中有be或情态助动词时,不再另加其它助动词:There wasn’t anything important in yesterday’s newspaper.
• Could he arrive there on time ?
Unit2 How often do you exercise?
Ø 词组
• help with housework帮助做家务
• on weekends在周末
• how often多久一次
• hardly ever几乎从不
• once a week每周一次
• twice a month每月两次
• be free有空
• go to the movies去看电影
• use the Internet用互联网
• play tennis打网球
• stay up late熬夜;睡得很晚
• at least至少
• have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课
• go to bed early早点睡觉
• play sports进行体育活动
• go camping去野营
• not…at all一点儿也不……
• in one’s free time在某人的业余时间
• the most popular最受欢迎的
• such as比如;诸如
• old habits die hard积习难改
• go to the dentist去看牙医
• more than多于;超过
• less than少于
• help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
• How about…? .....怎么样?…好不好?
• want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
• sb.+ find+ that从句. 某人发现……
• spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光
spend time on sth/ (in) doing sth.
• It’s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是……的。
• ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事
• by doing sth. 通过做某事
• the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式
• What’s your favorite…?你最喜爱的……是什么?
Ø 知识点
1、want sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
• My mother ____me to read for 30 minutes every morning.
A.wants B.makes C.has D.lets
2、 —How often do you watch TV? 你多久看一次电视?
—Twice a week. 一周两次。
• how often表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问。可用于回答表示频率的副词,如always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never等,或用于回答表示频率的短语,如once a day (一天一次),twice a week (一周两次),four times a month (一个月四次),every day (每一天)等。如:
do you surf the Internet?—Once a week.
A.How many times B.How often
C.When D.How much
3、 疑问词how的用法
(1) how many,how much表示“多少” how many后接可数名词复数,how much接不可数名词。How many times do you go to the park? How much are those pants?
• (2)how many times 询问多少次,其答语表示次数。如:once twice,three times等
• How many times do you go to the movies a month? About three times.
(3) How old...? 询问年龄 How old are you? I am five.
• I go to school five days a week. (对画线部分提问)
• (4) How about…? ……如何? ……怎么样? How about going to the movies?
• (5)how long 询问多长时间,其答语表示一段时间,如:for two days,for three hours等。
• How long will it take to get to the station? About half an hour。
• (6)how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是in two hours,in three days等。
• How soon wil he come back? In an hour
• 4. be free意为“有空”是形容词,其反义词为“be busy”。free的另一种意思是“自由的;不受约束的”,其名词形式为freedom。还有一个意思是“免费的”,如:They enjoy free medical care. 他们享受免费医疗。
• 5. be full 意为“满的;忙的”是形容词,其反义词有:
• full(满的)—— empty(空的),full(饱的)——hungry(饿的)。如:
• I am full, so I don’t want anything.我饱了,所以我不想要了。
6、 eat breakfast意为“吃早饭”同义词组为 have breakfast,其中间不加冠词,但当三餐前有形容词修饰时,要加不定冠词 a 或an。如: have a big dinner 吃一顿丰盛的晚餐
• 7.She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。
• (1)be good for意思是“对……有好处”。如:
• ▲ Doing exercise is good for our health. 进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。
• 【辨析】:be good for, be good at 与be good to
He’s good ___ swimming.Swimming is good ____ his health
A.for,at B.at,for C.for,for D.at,at
• (2)health是一个名词,意思是“健康”,它的形容词形式是healthy,意思是“健康的”。如:
• ▲ My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very healthy. 我奶奶八十多岁了,但她非常健康。
• ▲ We should keep in good health.我们要保持健康。We keep _______ and it keeps us ______
A to swim ; health B swimming; healthy
C to swim ; healthy D swimming; health
• 8. ask sb. (not) to do 叫…(不)做某事
• Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
• Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
• ask sb. about sth. 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities.
• ask sb. for help 向某人求助 如:ask teacher for help 向老师寻求帮助
9、 go online意为“上网”,其同义词为“use the Internet”。
• 10. help with sth. 如:They help with this problem.
• help sb. (to)do sth. 如:They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松
• 11. at least 最少 原形little 比较级less 最高级least
• 如:we should sleep at least 8 hours.我们至少得睡8个小时
• 12. although为连词,意思是“尽管;虽然”,表示转折关系,同义词有though。
• 与but作用相同,但是用法不同。特别注意英、汉在此意义上的表达区别:汉语中经常说“虽然……但是……”,但在英语中,although和but不能同时使用,即“虽然”和“但是”只能用其一。如:
• ▲ Although I get up early, I can’t catch the early bus.
• = I get up early, but I can’t catch the early bus. 尽管我起得很早,但还是没有赶上早班车。
— Why do you look unhappy, Lucy?
— I can’t learn math well I always work hard.
A. because B. and C. although D. so
• 13. be surprised 意为“惊讶” 构成的短语有
• be surprised to do sth惊讶做某事
• be surprised that + 从句
• to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 如:
• to their surprise 令他们惊讶的是 to Li Lei’s surprise令李雷惊讶的是
• 14. stay up 熬夜如:I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点
— Why do you look unhappy, Lucy?
— I can’t learn math well I always work hard.
A. because B. and C. although D. so
15、The best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 原形good 比较级better 最高级best 如:
• I think the best way to relax is to listen to music. 我认为最好的休闲方式是听音乐。
Ø 语法
一、一般现在时
• 一般现在时主要用来表示每天、每周等经常一直如此,长期进行下去的动作,其着眼点不在描述具体的动作,而是通过提出不断反复的动作,来说明某一真理或某一经常性习惯性的举动。
一般现在时的几种主要用法
• 1)一般现在时表示客观事实、客观存在的普遍真理、用于一般现在时的时间状语常见的有:often, usually,always,sometimes, seldom,ever,never,every day(week,month,year), once a year,now and them,from time to time。例如:
• The earth moves around the sun.
• Shanghai lies in the east of China.
2)表示格言或警句
• Pride goes before a fall.
• 注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
• 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.
3)表示现在习惯性的、经常重复的或定期发生的动作或存在的状态。
• I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
• We go to school every day except on Sunday.
4)表示能力、性格、个性等。
例如:I don't want so much.
• Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
一般现在时态的几点注意:
• 1)表示“感觉”和“状态”或“关系”等的动词(如be,like,love,hate,want,think,remember,find,sound,forget,refuse,see,allow,prove,have,matter,taste,look,feel)常用一般现在时,不用现在进行时。例如:
• Carl and Wang Bing are students.
• In the evening I love sitting by the fire and playing my guitar.
一般现在时态的几点注意:
• 2)有时用这个时态表示“按计划、规定,时刻表”要发生的动作,句中(都带有时时间状语),但限于少数动词,如:begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。例如:
• The meeting begins at seven.
• The train leaves at 17:40.
一般现在时态的几点注意:
• 3) 还要注意其动词形式的变化。该时态主要由动词原形表示,但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s或 -es,be和have有特殊的变化形式, be (am, is , are) have( has ) 。
• 一般情况在词尾加-s ,包括以“元音字母+y”结尾的词 work—works, run—runs, play—plays
• 在以ch,sh,x,s等辅音字母或以元音字母o结尾的词加-es,如词尾为-e,只加-s miss—misses, finish—finishes, teach—teaches, lose—loses, live—lives go---goes do---does
• 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先变y为i,在加-es study—studies , try---tries
一般现在时态的几点注意:
• 表示否定和疑问时:
• 1)实义动词做谓语的要借助于助动词do\does
He doesn’t like his new school.
Does he speak English well ? Do you/they------?
Where does she live ?Where do they live ?
2)谓语中有be动词或情态助动词的,不能再加其它助动词
There isn’t any rice in the bag .
We can’t do anything but wait.
Where are you now ?
Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister
Ø 词组
• more outgoing更外向
• as…as…与……一样……
• the singing competition唱歌比赛
• be similar to与……相像的/类似的
• the same as和…相同;与…一致
• be different from与……不同
• care about关心;介意
• be like a mirror像一面镜子
• the most important最重要的
• make friends交朋友
• the other其他的
• touch one’s heart感动某人
• be talented in music有音乐天赋
• be good at擅长……
• be good for对……有好处
• be good with善于与……相处
• have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣
• be good at doing sth擅长做某事
• reach for伸手取
• in fact事实上;实际上
• bring out使显现;使表现出
• get better grades取得更好的成绩
• as long as只要;既然
• make sb. do sth.让某人做某事
• as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与……一样……
• It’s+ adj.+ for sb. to do sth.
对某人来说,做某事……的。
Ø 知识点
• 1.He has shorter hair than Sam. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
• than 比……(用于形容词,副词的比较级之后)
• 当两个人或者物进行比较时,要用形容词的比较级。“比较级 + than” 表示“比......更......”。一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词后加-er。但要注意比较的对象。如:
• I am taller than Jim. 我比吉姆高。
• His hair is shorter than Sam’s. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
• This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本书有趣。
• 连词成句
more the his than outgoing boy is sister
• 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
• 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:1)原级(不作比较),修饰词 so, too,very, pretty, really;
• 2)比较级,表示“较……”或“更……”的意思(两者之间进行比较), 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much, a lot, a little,even;
• 3)最高级,表示“最……”的意思(三者或三者以上作比较),形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带in(of)短语来什么比较的范围。
Mike did____( badly)in the competition in his class and the teacher was angry
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