小学英语代词的用法及练习.doc

一、代词分类：

一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。是表示自身或人称的代词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：

单数
单数
复数
复数

主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
他
he
him
they
them
她
she
her
they
them
它
it
its
they
them
不定
one
one
ones
ones

二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。列表如下。

我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
如： I like his car.我喜欢他的小汽车。
Our school is here，and theirs is there.　我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。

三、不定代词是没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词,常用的不定代词如下:
常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody， something，no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。
如： --- Do you have a car?　--你有一辆小汽车吗？
　　 --- Yes，I have one.　--是的，我有一辆。
--- I don't know any of them.　他们，我一个也不认识。

二、代词的用法:
　　1) 人称代词:
　　表示 " 我,你,他,我们,你们,他们等 " 的词叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称,数和格之分。
　　人称代词可用作主语,表语,宾语以及介词。
　　I am a worker, I work in the factory.
　　我是一个工人,我在工厂工作。
　　You are a good teacher.
　　你是一位优秀教师。
　　She is a little girl.
　　她是一个小女孩。
　　It's a heavy box, I can't carry it.
　　这是一个重盒子,我搬不动。
　　It's me. Open the door quickly.
　　是我, 快开门。
　　Don't tell him about it.
　　不要告诉他这件事情。
　　She is always ready to help us.
　　她随时都在准备帮助我们。
　　Our teacher is very strict with us.
　　我们的老师对我们很严格。
　　人称代词中几个注意的情况:
　　第一人称单数代词 " I(我)" 不论在什么地方都要大写。
　　I study English every day.
　　我天天学习英语。
　　" we " 常常代替" I "表示一种同读者,听众或观众之间的亲密关系。
　　We shall do our best to help the poor.
　　我们将尽全力帮助贫困者。
　　" she "常常代替国家, 城市, 宠物等,表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。
　　I live in China。 She is a great country.
　　我住在中国。 她是一个伟大的国家。
　　" it " 有时也可指人。
　　It's me. Open the door, please.
　　是我,请开门。
　　" they " 有时代替一般人.
　　They say you are good at computer.
　　他们说你精通计算机。
　　2) 物主代词:
　　形容词性物主代词可用作定语,例如:
　　I love my country.
　　我热爱我的国家。
　　Is this your car?
　　这是你的汽车吗?
　　Some one is looking for you, his name is Tom.
　　有人找你,他的名字是汤姆。
　　名词性的物主代词可用作主语,宾语,表语以及与"of" 连接的定语。
　　Li Hua's bike is red, and yours is green.
　　李华的自行车是红色的,而你的是绿色的。
　　That car is mine, not yours.
　　那辆汽车是我的,不是你的。
　　These books are ours.
　　这些书是我们的。
　　Whose bag is it? It's hers.
　　这是谁的书包? 是她的。
　　Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street.
　　昨天我在街上碰见了我的一位朋友。

　　不定代词代替名词或形容词.在句中可用作主语, 宾语，表语和定语。
　　Everybody should be here in time tomorrow.
　　明天大家都要按时到。
　　I know nothing about it.
　　这件事情我一点都不知道。
　　That's all I know.
　　这就是我知道的。
　　I go to school everyday.
　　我每天去学校上学。

3）不定代词的具体用法:
　　any 一些,任何。 any 多用作否定或疑问句中,any 在句中作主语, 宾语, 定语。 any作定语时,它所修饰的名词没有单复数限制, 一般多用复数, any 用在肯定句
　　中,表示"任何"。
　　Do you have any books?
　　你有书吗?
　　You can come any time.
　　你什么时候都可以来。
　　some 一些,某些,某个。 some 多用在肯定句中,表示邀请或者对方可能给予肯定回答的疑问句中等。
　　There are a lot of flowers in the garden, some are white, which I like very much.
　　花园里有许多花,一些是白色的,我特别喜欢。
　　I am going to get some ink.
　　我去弄点墨水。
　　Will you have some coffee, please?
　　喝点咖啡吗？
　　no 无.在句中作定语.表示否定,语气要比 not any 强.
　　She knows no English.
　　她根本就不懂英语。
　　I have no bike.
　　我就没有自行车。
　　none 无人,无物,无东西.在句中作主语 ,定语,宾语。 none 在句中代替不可数名词作定语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式。 none 在句中代替可数名词作定语时, 谓语动词要用复数形式。
　　None of them are workers.
　　他们没一个是工人。
　　It's none of your business.
　　这不碍你的事。
　　many 许多.在句中作主语,宾语 ,定语. many 在句中代替可数名词。
　　Many of the students like English very much.
　　许多学生非常喜欢英语。
　　I have many books to give you.
　　我有许多书要给你。
　　much 许多。在句中作主语,宾语,定语。much 在句中代替不可数名词。
　　There is not much ink in the bottle.
　　瓶子里没多少墨水了。
　　a few,a little,few,little. 几个,一点儿,没几个, 没多少。它们在句中作主语,宾语,定语,其中 a few 和 few 代替可数名词 , a little　和 little 代替不可数名词，它们表示少量,不多,几个, 只是主观上的一种相对说法，并没有具体的数量标准。
　　Few of the books are cheap now.
　　现在没几本儿书是便宜的。
　　A few friends came to see me yesterday.
　　昨天有几个朋友来看我。
　　I have a little money to buy the book.
　　我的这点钱能买这本书。
　　There is little water in the thermos.
暖水瓶没多少水了。　　
一、英语代词练习题：
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not kite.That kite is very small, but is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is . Give it to . ( she )
3. Is this watch? (you) No, it's not . ( I )
4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are . ( he )
5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are ? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is ? ( she )
7. I can find my toy,but where’s (you)?
8. Show your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. name is Mimi.These cakes are . ( it )
10. Are these tickets? No, are not theirs. aren't here. ( they )
11. Shall have a look at that classroom? That is classroom. ( we )
二、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。
1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you ）.
3. （He/ His ）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her ）name?
5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?
7. （I/ My）am Ben. 8. （She / Her）is my sister.
9. Fine , thank （your / you ）. 10. How old is （he / his）
三、单项选择。
( ) 1. My uncle gave a new bike to ________.
A. theirs B. they C. me D. I
( ) 2. This is a photo of _____family. May I have one of ______?
A. yours; my B. my; yours C. your; my D. yours; mine
( ) 3. Here’s a postcard for you, Jim! — Oh, ___is from Mary.
A. he B. it C. she D. it’s
( ) 4. They asked _______some questions ________ English.
A. me; about B. I; about C. I; with D. me; with
( ) 5. Help________ answer the questions.
A. I B. my C. me D. mine
( ) 6. These are my books. Where are ________?
A. their B. theirs C. my D. your
四、根据中文提示，用代词的适当形式填空。
1、There is a new dress for （他的）siter.
2、This is （我的）wallet. （我的） is red.
3、 （谁）calculators are these? （他们） are （我们的）
4、Give （她 ） a toy, please.
5、 （你们的） eyes are black. （你们） come from Japan.
6、Tim and Bill are twins. （他们）are from England.
Show （他们）around (我们的）school.
7、Give the book to （我）.
五、用所给词的适当形式填空  
1.  That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.  ( I )
2.       The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )        
3.       Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4.       _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5.       _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
6.       Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ?  ( she )
7.       I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )
8.       Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9.       I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10.   Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren’t here. ( they )
11.   Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12.   _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )
13.   That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14.   Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15.   Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16.   _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17.   _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18.   So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19.   I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20.   May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21.   Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）            
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )

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