初中英语常用词组和短语表.doc

初中英语常用词组和短语表

A
a bit 一点儿
a bottle of 一瓶
a few 一些，几个（后加可数名词）
a little 一些，一点（加不可数名词）
a lot of = lots of 许多（加可数或不可数）
a great deal of 大量的（接不可数名词）
a great many 大量，许多（后接可数名词）
a number of 许多，若干（后接可数名词）
plenty of 许多（接可数名词或不可数名词）
a piece of 一张（一片，块）
a cup of 一茶杯
a pair of 一双；一对；一副
all kinds of 各种各样
all one's life 一生
all over 遍及每一部分，浑身
all over the world 遍及全世界
all the same 仍然
all the time 一直
all the year round 一年到头
allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事
after a while 过一会儿
again and again 一次又一次
agree with sb. 同意（某人）的意见
argue with sb. 与某人吵架
around the world 全世界
at the age of （后加基数词）在······岁
at the beginning of 在······开端
at the doctor's 在诊所；在医院
at the end of 在······末尾
at the head of 在······排头
at the foot of... 在······脚下
at the moment = now 此刻
at the same time 在同时
at times 有时
at...as 和······一样
not as/so...as 和······不一样
as long as 只要
as soon as 一······就······
as soon as possible 尽可能快地
as if = as though 似乎，好像
as well 也；并；和；同
as well as 除······之外，也，既······又······

as usual 像平时一样
ask for 向······要······，请求
ask for leave 请假
arrive at/in 到达
at breakfast 在吃早饭
at work 在工作
at midnight 在午夜
at night/noon 在夜里/中午
at first 首先，起初
at last 最后
at least 至少
at once 立刻，马上
at that time 在那时

B
be able to 能够
be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at sth. 对某事生气
be awake 醒来
be bad for 对······有害
be born 出生
be afraid of sth. /of doing sth.. 害怕/害怕做······
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做······
be afraid that... 恐怕······
be amazed at 对······感到惊讶
be back 回来
be in = be at home 在家
be out 外出
be careful（of） 关心，注意，仔细
be covered with 被······覆盖
because of 因为
begin with 以······开始
be ready for 为······作好准备
be surprised（at） 对······感到惊讶
be on 在进行，在上演，（灯）亮着
be pleased with 对······感到高兴（满意）
be strict with sb. 对（某人）要求严格
be strict in sth. 对（某事）要求严格
be from 来自······，什么地方人
be worried about 担忧
be worth doing... 值得做······
be in trouble 处于困境中
be glad to do sth. 很高兴做······
be satisfied with 对······感到满意
be free 空闲的，有空
be ill in bed 卧病在床
be in hospital 在住院
by the end of... 到······底为止
be busy doing 忙于做······
be busy with 忙于······
be excited about 对······感到激动、兴奋
be different from 与······不同
be famous for 因······出名
be famous as 作为······而出名
be famous with... 作为······而出名
be fed up with 对······感到厌倦
be filled with... 被······充满
be full of 充满
be good at 擅长于做某事
be good for 对······有益；对······有好处
be interested in 对······感兴趣
be late for ······迟到
be mad at 对······非常愤怒、恼火
be made in 在······（地点）制造
be made of 由······制成（看得出原材料）
be made from 由······制成（看不出原材料）
be proud of 对······感到骄傲、自豪
be supposed to 应该······；被期望（做）······
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used for doing 被用于做某事/应该是
be used to do 过去常常做某事
before long 不久；很快
between...and... 在······和······之间
by accident 偶然；意外
by air = by plane 乘飞机
by sea = by ship 坐轮船
borrow sth.from sb. 从某人处借某物
both...and... 两者都
by the time 到······时候
by the way 顺便说一句

C
care about 担心；关心
care for 关怀；照顾
catch up with 赶上
catch a cold 着凉，上风
catch hold of 抓住
change...into... 变成
cheer up 使振奋；使高兴起来
come true 实现
come up with 提出、想出（办法、主意）
come back 回来
come down 下来
come in 进入
come on 快，走吧，跟我来
come out 出来，出版；开花
come out of 从······出来
come from 来自······
concentrate on 全神贯注；专心于

D
day after day 日复一日
deal witn 处理；应付
depend on 依靠；依赖
do one' lessons 做功课
do some shopping 买东西
do some cooking 做饭菜
do some reading 读点书
do one's homework 做家庭作业
do morning exercises 做早操
do one's best 尽某人最大的努力
do sports 做运动
do well in... 擅长于做某事

E
each other 互相，彼此
eat up 吃完，吃光
either...or... 或者······或者······
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
even if = even though 即使；尽管

F
fall asleep 入睡
fall belind 落后
fall down（from） 倒下，掉下
fall off... 从······下降，跌落
far away from... 远离······
feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
find out 找出，查明（真相等）
from now on 从现在起
fill...with 把······装满
first of all = at firsr 首先
fix up 修理；修补
for example 例如
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事

G
get ready for=be ready for 为······而准备
get to 到达
get together 相聚
get up 起床
get back 回来，取回（失物等）
get down （从······）下来
get married 结婚
get in 进入，收集
get on 上车
get on well with 与······相处愉快
get off 下车
get sb.a call 给······打电话
give a talk 作报告
give back 归还，送回
give in 屈服
give sb.a chance 给······一个机会
give a message to... 给······一个口信
give birth to 生孩子
give up doing 放弃、戒掉
give...a hand 给······（某人）帮助
give away 赠送；分发
give out 分发；发放
go back 回去
go boating 划船
go fishing 钓鱼
go hiking 徒步旅行
go shopping 购物
go skating 去滑冰
go home 回家
go on 继续
go on with 继续（某事）
go on doing（sth） 继续做某事
go on to do（sth） 继续做另一件事
go out 外出，熄灭
go straight along 沿······一直走
go to bed 上床睡觉
go to the cinema=go to a movie 看电影
go over 仔细检查，复习
go out for a walk 外出散步
good luck （祝你）好运气
grow up 长大

H
half an hour's walk 步行半小时的路程
have a good time 过得愉快
have a headache 头疼
have a look at 看一看
have a rest 休息
have a seat 坐下
have a try 尝试一下
have a talk 谈话
have a swim 游泳
have sports 做运动
have supper 吃晚餐
have to 不得不
hand in 上交
hands up 举起手
hang out （俚语）闲荡
have a cold 感冒
have a cough 咳嗽
have a lesson/lessons 上课
have a meeting 开会
have a sports meeting = hold a sports meeting 开运动会
have bread for breakfast 早饭吃面包
have sth.done 让人(请人）做某事
have an idea 有了个主意
have fun doing sth. 玩得高兴
had better do sth. 最好做······
had better not do sth. 最好不要做······
have a word with 与······谈几句话
hear from 收到······来信
hear of 听说
help sb.with sth. 在······方面帮助······
help sb.（do）sth. 帮助······做
help oneself to sth. 请随便吃······
hold up 举起
hold on 等一等 别挂断
how far... 多远
how long... 多长，多久
how many... 多少（可数名词），多少钱
how much... 多少（不可数名词），多少钱
how oftrn 多久一次
how soon... 过多久（多用于将来时）
hundreds of 成百上千的
hurry up 赶快，快点

I
in a hurry 匆忙的
in a word 总而言之
in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
in the middle of 在······中间
in no time = in a minute 立刻，很快
in public 公众，公开地
in order to 为了······
in the sun 在阳光下
in surprise 惊奇地
in turn 依次
instead of 代替；而不是
in English 用英语
in fact 事实上
in front 在前面
in front of 在······前面（范围外）
in the front of 在······前部（范围内）
in the day 在白天
in the end = at last 最后，终于
in the future 在将来
in the open air 在户外
in the past 在过去
in this way 用这种方式
in time 及时

J
just now = a moment ago 刚才
just then 正在那时

K
keep healthy 保持健康
keep up with 跟上，赶上
keep silent = keep quiet 保持沉默，安静
keep sb. doing sth 使······一直做
keep a diary 写日记
knock at/on 敲（门、窗）
keep doing sth 保持、一直做某事
keep...from 阻止······做某事
L
little by little 逐渐地
large numbers of 大量的（后接可数名词）
laugh at 嘲笑
learn from 向······学习
leave...behind 把······落在后面；忘带；留下
leave for 动身去······
leave...for... 离开······去······
lend sth. to sb. 借某物给某人
less than 小于
let...down 使······失望或沮丧
lie down 躺下
listen to 听
look after 照顾，关心
look at 看着
look for 寻找
look forward to (doing)... 盼望；期待（某事）
look on...as... 把······当做······看待
look around 朝四周看
look like 看起来像
look out 留神，小心
look out of 往外看
look over 检查
look the same 看起来一样
look up 向上看，查阅（字典）等

M
make a decision 作决定；下决心
make friends with... 和······交朋友
make mistakes 犯错误
make money 赚钱；挣钱
make a noise 发出噪音
make a contribution to... 为······做贡献
make progress 进步
make sure 确保，确定
make telephone calls 打电话
make the bed 整理床铺
make up one's mind 下决心
more and more 越来越多
more or less 或多或少
more than 超过，多于
N
Not...at all 一点也不
not only...but also 不但······而且
not...any more/longer 不再
not...until 直到······才
no longer 不再；已不
neck and neck 并驾齐驱
neither...nor... 既不······也不······
next to 在······旁边

O
of course 当然
on one's way to 某人在去······路上
at/on the weekend 在周末
on the other side of 在······另一边
no matter 无论
on display = on show 陈列，展览
on duty 值日
on foot 步行
on the left 在左边
on the other hand 另一方面
on time 按时
on watch 值班
once upon a time 很久以前

P
pay attention to 对······注意；留心
pay for 为······付款
pick up 捡起，获得
play a joke on 开某人玩笑
play with 与······玩耍；玩弄
point at 指着（近距离）
point to 指向（远距离）
prefer sth. to sth. 比······更喜欢······
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做······而不愿做
prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿做······而不愿做
put（sth）down 放下，记下
put away 放好，整理
put off 推迟，拖延
put on 穿上（衣服），戴上（帽子），上演（戏剧）
put up 搭起，挂起，举起，张贴
put one's heart into 全神贯注于

Q
quarrel with... 跟......吵架

R
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
right now 立刻
ring up 打电话
rather than 而不，非
regard...as 把······当作······
run away 逃走，迅速离开
run after 追赶，跟在后面跑
rush out... 冲出去······

S
set up 竖起，建起
set off 出发，动身
send for 派人去请（叫）
send out 放出，发出
send up 把······往上送，发射
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
stop...from... = keep...from... 阻止······做某事
smile at... 对······微笑
shout at... 对······大喊（嚷）
set one's mind to 下决心
say goodbye to 告别
sooner or later 迟早
slow down （使）慢下来，减速
speak highly/well of 赞扬
spend...on... 花费（时间、金钱）
spend...（in）doing... 花费（时间、金钱）
so far 到目前为止
so that 以便（表目的）
so...that... 如此······以致（表程度）
stand in line 排队
stay up 不去睡；熬夜

T
take a bus 乘公共汽车
take a seat = have a seat 坐下
take a shower 沐浴；洗澡
take a walk 散步
take one's advice 听从某人劝告
take down 拿下
take place 发生
take one's place 坐······的座位，代替某人职位
take the place of... 代替······
take it easy 别紧张
take sth. with sb. 随身带着
take care of 关心，照顾，保管
take away 拿走
take part in 参加
take（an active）part in 积极参加
take medicine 服药
take notes 做笔记；做笔录
take exercise 做体操，做健身活动
take pride in... 为······感到自豪/骄傲
take off 脱衣，起飞
take out 拿出，取出
take photos 照相
take turns 轮流，依次
take a message for sb. 为某人捎个口信
leave a message 留个口信（或条）
teach oneself = le