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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。不能作为科学依据。,Grammar,1/77,情态动词用法,2/77,情态动词语法特征,1)情态动词不能单独做谓语，后面只能接不带to不定式（,除ought 和have外）,。,2)情态动词没有些人称,数改变,但有些情态动词,如can、will也有普通式和过去式改变。,3/77,只作情态动词,can/could,may/,might,ought to,must,可情态可实义,need,dare,可情态可助动词,shall/should,will/,would,相当于情态动词,have to,used to,4/77,can主要使用方法是：,1.表示体力或脑力方面,能力,：,The girl,can,dance very well.,2.在口语中,can能够表示,请求,或允许，,could,能够代替can表示请求,但语气较can,客气、委婉,:,Can,I sit here?,can 和could,：,5/77,3,表示,推测,事物可能性等:,表示“理论上或逻辑上可能”“有时可能会”,Anybody can make mistakes.(只表示理论上可能性),An accident can happen if you do this.(表示事情必定会发生),6/77,2)could主要使用方法是：,A.could 是can过去式,表示与过去 相关能力和推测:,eg.We all knew that the young man,couldnt,be a doctor.,7/77,以could或would提问时，不能再以could或would作答，而应该用,can,或,will,。,Could,I borrow your dictionary?,Yes,of course you,can,.,8/77,can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义,，但,can只用于普通现在时或过去时,，而,后者可用于各种时态,。,9/77,与be able to 区分：,could,只有现在和过去时态，,强调能力,；,be able to,有各种时态，表示“一时”能力,强调结果,.“有能力而且做了”,10/77,can特殊句型：,can not.too/enough不论怎么.也不过分；越.越好,You cant be too careful.,can not but do sth 不得不，只好,I cant but admire your bravery.,11/77,may 和might,：,may 惯用来表示：,A.表示请求、允许;比can较为正式，,否定回答时，普通要用mustnt，表示“禁止、阻止”had better not“最好别”,:,eg.,May,I come in?,You,may,go now.,May I watch TV after supper?,Yes，you may./No，you mustnt.,12/77,eg.-I believe the man is from England.,-But I,may,be wrong.,The guest,may,arrive this afternoon.,在必定句中，may 可能性比can 高，may 表示现实可能性，can 表示理论上可能性。如：,B.表示说话人猜测:“可能”“可能”:,通常只用于必定句和否定句中。,13/77,The road,may,be blocked.,这条路可能不通了。,The road,can,be blocked.,这条路可能会是不通。,在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。,如：Where,can,he be?他会在哪呢？,14/77,C.表示,祝福,;但语气较正式:,eg.,May,you succeed!,May,you have a good journey!,might 使用方法有:,多在间接引语中表示,过去可能,和允许。如:,She said that he,might,take her bike.,她说他能够拿她自行车去用。,15/77,She,might,go home tomorrow.,说不定他明天会回家。,表示现在许可,语气比may 较委婉,普通用于疑问句(包含间接疑问句),不可用于必定句或者否定句。,如:,Might,I have a word with you?,我能够和你说句话吗？,表示现在可能，其可能性要比 may 小。,如：,16/77,1.I wish.,may I?,2.may/might well do sth 很可能；（完全）能,He may well be proud of his son.,3.may/might as well do sth 不妨.倒不如,You may as well stay here over the night.,17/77,will和would,：,1.,表示主观意志或意愿。,will指现在，would指过去,eg.,I will never do that again.,They said that they would help us.,用于否定句，表示“不愿”“不愿意”,He wont say words like that.,18/77,2.在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或问询。,eg:If you want help,let me know,will,you?,假如你需要帮助,让我知道,好吗?,祈使句反意疑问句,19/77,Will,you type this,please?,请打印这个,好吗？,Wont,you sit down?,请坐下,好吗？,3.would比will客气委婉。,eg:,Would,you help us,please?,请您帮助我们，好吗？,（表请求）,20/77,表示习惯性，经常性，倾向性，译作“总是”“惯于”,I will buy some snacks after lunch every day.,He would go to his grandpas after school when he was young.,21/77,shall和should,：,1.,用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见,Shall,we go by train,Mom?,妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？,（用于征求对方意见，情态动词）,Shall I close the door?,22/77,用于第一、三人称疑问句，表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示,Shall we begin our lesson?,Shall the driver wait？,23/77,用于第二、三人称陈说句，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁,You shall go with me.,He shall be punished.,24/77,用于全部些人称，表示规章，法令，语言等“必须”,This law shall come into effect on May 1st,25/77,2.should表示义务、提议、劝说，意为“应该”。,eg:You,should,keep your promise.,你应该恪守诺言。,26/77,表示语气“竟然”,He should be such a rude person.,27/77,Ought to,1.表示“应该”,You ought to go to see the doctor.,(ought to 语气比must 弱),You oughtnt(ought not)to smoke so much.,Ought you to smoke so much?,2.表示“预测”，婉转,比must语气弱,They ought to be there by now.,28/77,should 和ought to区分,含义大致相同，,ought to 强调在客观上（法律，章程和道义），比should语气强。,should强调主观上，表示主语职责和义务或说话人劝说,。,You ought to go and see Mary tomorrow.,You shouldnt judge a man always by the clothes.,29/77,must和 haveto,1.must用于普通问句中,必定回答用must否定式用neednt或dont have to，做“无须”,mustnt表示“禁止，不允许”,Must,Ifinishallassignmentsatatime?,Yes,you,must,.,No,you,neednt,.,30/77,I dont like this TV set.We,must,buy a new one.There was no more bus.They,had to,walk home.,2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍有区分。must着重说明主观看法，haveto强调客观需要。另外，haveto能用于更多时态。,31/77,You,must,bethenewteacher.,He,must,bejoking.Thereisnobodyhere.They,musthaveall gone,home.,3.must表示对某人某事猜测,作“准是”,“一定”,普通用于必定句中。对,过去发生,事情作必定判断用must have done,32/77,He,must,come and worry her with question,just when she was busy cooking the dinner.,Of course，after I gave her my advice，she,must,go and do the opposite.,4.,must表示“偏要,硬要”,指做令人不快事情,33/77,可兼做行为动词情态动词：need、dare,情态动词,(+动词原形),行为动词,.,need,dare,1.无人称和数改变,;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑问句中;,*在,if/whether,之后;,*或与,hardly,never,no one,nobody,连用;,3.常以,needn,t,和,daren,t,形式出现;,4.dare有其过去时,dared,.,多用于必定句;,(sb.)need to do,dare to do,(sth.)need to be,done,(sth.)need doing,34/77,注意对need问句回答:,-,Need,I finish the work today?,-Yes,_.,No,_.,No,_.,you must,you neednt,you dont have to,35/77,neednt 对其它情态动词回答:,-,Shall,I tell John about it?,-No,you _.,-,Must,we do it now?,-No,you _.,neednt,(dont have to),neednt,(dont have to),36/77,could,might,would,should都可表示委婉语气。,如:,I wonder if you,could,let me use your cell phone.,Might,I know your telephone number?,委婉语气,37/77,.can/could,may/might和must表推测：,1、must：“一定是、准是”只用于必定，其结构以下：,must+动词原形：对普通现在时推测；,must+be doing：对现在进行时推测；,must+have done：对过去情况推测；,2、can/could：用于否定和疑问，,cant/couldnt+动词原形：“不可能”,cant/couldnt+be doing：“不可能在做”,cant/couldnt+have done：“不可能已经”,3、may/might：“可能、可能”用于必定、否定，,may/might+动词原形：,may/might+have done：,may/might not+动词原形：,may/might not+have done：,38/77,注意：,must/can/may表推测时，其反意疑问句组成以下：,He must be in the classroom,isnt,he?,He must have seen the film,hasnt,he?,He must have seen the film last month,didnt,he?,39/77,、情态动词表虚拟时结构,情态动词后接完成体四个句型：,、could/might have done：“原来能够”,、should/ought to have done：“本应该”,、should not/ought not to have done：“本不该”,、need+have+done 原来需要做某事而没有做。,neednt have done：“本无须”,、would+have+done“原来会做”,注意：,以上五个结构都指过去情况,表并未如此.,40/77,2.含if条件句复合句中：,句型一：,If（过去式/were），,主句(should/would/could/might +动原),“愿意、会/能 /可能”,句型二：,If（had done），,主句(should/would/could/might+have done),“愿意、会/能/可能”,41/77,can/could,may/might,should和must都可表示肯定推测。can/could表示客观可能性；may表示推测时，其语气不愿定；might语气更弱，表示某事实际发生可能性；should表示确定或可能有未来或期待；must表示肯定语气。如：,推测可能性,42/77,I think Ill give Bob a ring later,in the week.,You _.You havent been in,touch with him for ages.,A.will B.may,C.have to D.should,D,练习坊,I.Choose the correct answer.,43/77,2.John,look at the time._ you play,the piano at such a late hour?,A.Must B.Can,C.May D.Should,A,44/77,3.There _ any difficulty about,passing the road test since you have,practiced a lot in the driving school.,A.mustnt be B.shant have,C.shouldnt be D.neednt have,C,45/77,4.The World Wide Web is sometimes,jokingly called the World Wide Wait,because it _ be very slow.,A.Should B.must C.will D.can,5.Helen _ go on the trip with us,but she isnt quite sure yet.,A.shall B.must,C.may D.can,D,C,46/77,6.Someone is knocking at the door.,_ it be Venis?,No,it _ be her;she left for,New York this morning.,A.Can;mustnt,B.Might;cant,C.May;doesnt,D.Can;cant,D,47/77,7.Mike promised his doctor he _,not drink,and he has never drunk,ever since.,A.might B.should,C.could D.would,D,48/77,8.Is there a movie on in the cinema,tonight?,There _ be.I will phone the,cinema and find it out.,A.might B.should,C.can D.must,A,49/77,9.When I was studying at Beijing,University,I _ take a walk along,the lake every evening.,A.will B.would,C.could D.shall,B,50/77,10.Mr Brown,many students want to,see you._ they wait here or,outside?,A.Shall B.Will,C.Can D.Would,A,51/77,may;might,I asked if I _ go home half an hour earlier today.,There _ not be enough money to pay for the repairs.,might,may/might,52/77,对过去猜测,must have done,could/can have done,should have done,would have done,need have done,cant have done,couldnt/cant have done,shouldnt have done,wouldnt have done,neednt have done,一定做了某事,必定没做某事,可能做了某事,本该做某事,原来是要做某事,本需要做某事,53/77,1.With so much work on hand,you _ to see the game last night.,A.mustnt go B.could have gone,C.shouldnt go D.shouldnt have gone,2.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.,-It _a comfortable journey.(),A.cant be B.mustnt have been,C.shouldnt be D.couldnt have been,D,D,54/77,3.where is my dictionary?I remember I,Put it here yesterday.,-You_ it in the wrong place.,must put B.should have put,C.might put D.might have put,4.The weather turned out to be fine,Yesterday.I _ the trouble to carry my,umbrella with me.,A.should have taken B.could have taken,C.neednt have taken D.mustnt have taken,D,C,55/77,3.The room is in a terrible mess;it,_ cleaned.,A.cant have been,B.couldnt be,C.may have been,D.would be,A,56/77,-_ I go out to play,mum?,-No,you_.You should do your,homework first.,A.Might;wouldnt,B.May;had better not,C.Must;mustnt,D.Need;mustnt,B,练习坊,I.Choose the correct answer.,57/77,2.-Where is Emma?,-I cant say for sure where she is,but she_ be out shopping.,A.can,B.should,C.must,D.may,D,58/77,3.The room is in a terrible mess;it,_ cleaned.,A.cant have been,B.couldnt be,C.may have been,D.would be,A,59/77,4.How _ you say that you really,understand the whole story if you,have covered only part of the article?,A.can,B.must,C.need,D.may,A,60/77,5.There _ be any difficulty about,passing the road test since you have,practised a lot in the driving school.,A.mustnt,B.shant,C.shouldnt,D.neednt,C,61/77,6.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.,-It _a comfortable journey.(),A.cant be B.mustnt have been,C.shouldnt be D.couldnt have been,D,7.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.(),A.had to B.would,C.could D.was able to,D,62/77,8.Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure.,must B.can C.may D.will,C,9.-Could I call you by your first name?-Yes,you_.,A.will B.could C.may D.might,C,10.Sorry,I m late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.,might B.should C.can D.will,A,63/77,11.-Excuse me,but I want to use your computer to type a report.,-You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.,shant B.might not,C.neednt D.shouldnt,A,12.-When can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.,-They _be ready by 12:00.,A.can B.should C.might D.need,B,64/77,13.With so much work on hand,you _ to see the game last night.,A.mustnt go B.could have gone,C.shouldnt go D.shouldnt have gone,D,1,4.Johnny,you _ play with the knife,you _ hurt yourself.,A.wont;cant B.mustnt;may,C.shouldnt;must D.cant;wouldnt,B,65/77,1,5.There is no light in the dormitory.They must have gone to the lecture,_?,A.didnt they B.dont they,C.mustnt they D.havent they,D,1,6.I missed the bus,so I _ go home on foot.,A.must B.may C.can D.had to,D,66/77,2.A:_ Xiao Feng find the origin of Easter from that book?,B:No,he _.,1.A:_ you like to go to a special event with us on Saturday?,B:Yes,I _ _.,Would,d like to go with you on,Saturday,Could,couldnt find it,Exercise,67/77,3.A:_ I go with my friend to the harvest festival?,B:Yes,you _ _.,4.A:If I want to be a doctor _ I study science?,B:Yes,you _.,should study science,May,may go(with your,should,friends),68/77,5.A:He is very handsome._ he play the role of the prince?,B:No,he _ _.,cant play the role of the,Can,prince,69/77,6.A:The neighbour s children are older this year._ they stop playing tricks at Halloween?,B:Perhaps,they _ _.,_,_.,Might,or Should,might stop,or should stop playing tricks,playing tricks at Halloween,at Halloween,70/77,can;could,When I was young I _ climb any tree in the forest.,Learning a language _ be a real challenge.,could,can,II.选取正确情态动词填空。,71/77,will;would,When he got older,he _ never do his homework.,Nancy _ keep talking unless you tell her to shut up.,would,will,72/77,shall;should,By now,they _ already be in Dubai.,I _ be replaced by someone from the New York office.,should,shall,73/77,must;cant,You _ have stayed up.You look so tired.,You _ be 45!I thought you were about 25 years old.,must,cant,74/77,Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can,be very happy events.(P2),考点,情态动词can使用方法。,考例1 It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it _ be rather cold sometimes.(福建),A.must B.can C.should D.would,考点点拨 考例回顾,75/77,选B。,can表示“可能”，意为“有时天气可能会相当冷”。must必须、必定；should应该；would表示过去经常。,76/77,考例2 You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!(浙江),wouldnt B.cant,C.mustnt D.neednt,选B。此题考查情态动词表推测。,cant意,为“不可能”；mustnt意为“禁止、一定不,要”；wouldnt常表示对现在或未来情况,虚拟；neednt意为“没有必要”。,77/77,
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