阅读简答题解题技巧.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,welcome,探究高考新题型,阅读简答题,Step I,Lets get to know the new type of question,一、简答题的评分原则及标准,一）简答题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上，,用正确简洁的语言回答问题。,在评分时同时考虑内容和语言。,81-82,题,2,分,83-84,题,3,分,二）给分标准,满,分,答出全部内容，语言正确；,1-2,分,答出部分内容，语言正确；,0,分,没有答对问题。,07,年简答题,73,题为词意猜测题；,74,题为细节回答题；,75,题为主旨大意题,08,年,73,、,74,、,75,均为细节回答题,09,、,10,、,11,年均为细节题,通过平时的训练来看，得分较低的为,73,题词意猜测题。,阅读理解新题型,(73,题,),简答题,-,词汇猜测题,首先注意要找的词与所给的词在词性上是一致的。,其次在形式上也有可能是一致的。,再者两个词可以替换。,SHISHMAREF,an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska,is falling into the ocean.Giant storm waves have so hit the place-once well,buffered,by sea ice-that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland.,Before temperatures began to rise in,Shishmaref,about 30 years ago,20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms.,Step II Lets try,一、词汇猜测方法,Similarity,相似法,What does,kill,mean?,I love playing cards with Bob,because I kill him every time.,我最喜欢和鲍打牌，因为我每回都赢他。,In the soccer game last week,Chinese killed Japanese.,上星期的足球赛中国狂胜日本,He is a lady killer.,他是一个万人迷,方法,2.Context,上下文,1.Do you follow my argument?,2.He followed the law.,3.They followed us for miles.,4.The streets of Baghdad were almost deserted today as Iraqis turned into their TV to follow the court proceedings(,法庭审判,),5.I have followed the progress of this organization with interest.,A.Walk or drive after,B.Watch,C.Understand,D.Pay attention to,E.Take up,A,.,用腿跟或用车跟,B,.,用眼睛跟,C,.,用理解力跟,D,.,用脑袋或注意力跟,E,.,职业领域范围内的跟,【,例题,】Though Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains,grubby,.,dirty “,肮脏的”,注意带有,but,yet,however,otherwise,nevertheless,，,in contrast,，,on the other hand,，,rather than,，,although,，,while,unlike,，,whereas,等表转折意义的词或是有分号的句子。这类句子前后存在明显的对比关系，根据已知内容，通过对比很容易猜出生词的意义。,方法,3.Contrast,对比法,07,湖南阅读简答题,The north magnetic pole(,磁极,)is no longer a,resident of Canada.It has drifted across the,Canadian Arctic and is now,angling,toward Siberia.,Not to be confused with the geographic North,Polethe northern extremity of the Earths axis(,地,轴,),the north magnetic pole(where the Earths,magnetic field is directed downward)is moving due,to natural changes in the Earths magnetic field,a,process that originates about 3,000 kilometers,below our feet,in the outer core,（核心）,of the,planet.But scientists are now noticing that the,magnetic pole has picked up its pace.,moving,Over the past century,the pole has been,migrating at an average speed of about 10,kilometers per year,says Larry,Newitt,head of,Geomagnetic Laboratory at Natural Resources,Canada in Ottawa.Since the 1970s,this speed has,increased to about 50 kilometers per year.,Scientists are wondering why the speed is,increasing,says,Newitt,.One Hypothesis(,假说,),relates it to“magnetic jerks”,sudden shifts(,变化,),in the rate of change of the magnetic field.There,have been three jerks in the past four decades,each,one correlating to an increase in speed.,73.“angling”=,moving/migrating,migrating,二、细节回答题,对于文章中细节的回答一般难度较低。属于浅层理解，得分率较高。,常见提问方式,以,what,which,where,等疑问词开头，后接短文具体内容提问。,以,from the text,according to,开头，后接短文具体内容提问；,以某个细节提问；,解题方法：,抓住提问中的关键词，仔细阅读文章中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。,If the north magnetic pole continues at its,current rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.,“For most of recorded history,the pole has been,a part of Canada,and now its not,”says,Newitt,.,“It may be a blow to our collective psyche,but,other than that,it doesnt have a major effect on,most peoples existence.,74.What could happen to the north magnetic pole by,the middle of the 21st century?,The north magnetic pole could reach Siberia,north magnetic pole by,the middle of the 21st century?,75.What is the main idea of the passage?,（回答词数不超过,8,个）,主旨大意题,:,1).,任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即,高频词,，也叫做,主题词,。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。,2):,要学会借助文章的结构来把握中心思想。,段落中心思想,常常由主题句,(,Topic sentence,),来表达。主题句常常出现在段首,(60%-90%),或段尾处,有时也在段落中间。同样,一篇文章的中心思想,也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。因此,在阅读中,我们要对文章的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注意,提示问题：,1).What has been mentioned in every paragraph?,the north magnetic pole,2).There are three words similar in meaning in P1,P2,and P3.What are they?,angling,moving,migrating,3).In P2,P3,and P4,there are some phrases or sentences which have the similar meaning.Can you find them?,第二段中的,picked up its pace,.,第三段中的,this speed has increased to about 50 kilometers per year,第四段中出现了两次,the speed is increasing,说明这篇文章讲的就是,The north magnetic pole is moving faster,08,年湖南高考：阅读下面短文，根据第,73,至,75,小题的具体要求，简单回答问题。,Every January,Breckenridge hosts the International Show Sculpture Championships Fourteen teams travel from all over the world to Switzerland to compete.Teams sculpt for sixty-five hours over five days.Each team hopes that when the time is up,its sculpture will be judged the best.,As the championship begins,the fourteen teams are faced with huge blocks of snow that weigh twenty tons each.The sculptors bring out their favorite tools that work best on the hard iced snow,but they are not allowed to employ tools that use electricity.,73.,What kind,of tools are the sculptures,Not,permitted to use,?(,回答词数不超过,6,个,),Answer:,The tools that use electricity.,(,注意特指,),Most teams are inspired by what they have seen in daily life.For example,one team carved a teapot with tea pouring out.Another team sculpted a little cat on its hind feed,（后脚）,reaching into a fish bowl complete with water ripples,（涟漪）,and a crab(,螃蟹,)trying to attack the cat.In 2006,Team USA sculpted a golden dog looking at its image reflected in a mirror.To create the effect that the little dog saw its reflection in the glass,the artists carved two dogs facing each other with their paw,（脚爪）,touching.,Answer:,The things that they have seen in daily life.,74.What gives the sculptors ideas for their creative,work?(,回答词数不超过,9,个,),What,creative,work,As the final hours of the competition tick by,exhausted team members add last-minute details.They use small brooms to brush off snow caught in tiny holes.One team member counts down the last five minutes while others are busy cleaning up the tools.If they leave any tools behind,they will be out.When the whistle blows,everyone must step away from the sculpture.,The judges then vote on creativity,technical skill,and visual impact,(,视觉效果,),of the designs.,In 2006,Team USA took first place for their,golden dog sculpture,titled“Discovery”.,But the competition is not just about medals and ribbon.”Its not about the prize,”said Rob,Neyland,Team USAs captain.”Its about touching the audience.”,75.,Why,did Team USA,win the competition in 2006?,(,回答词数不超过,15,个,),Answer:,Because its sculpture was judged as the best for creativity,technical skills and visual impact.,三）扣分标准,语言错误扣,0.5,分，每题语言错误扣分不超过,0.5,分,（标点符号和大小写错误忽略不计）；,2.,涉及无关内容者扣,0.5,分；若答案中有互相矛盾,的内容，则内容互相矛盾的部分皆不得分；,3.,整句原封不动照搬，扣,0.5,分；,4.,考生所给答案超过规定字数扣,0.5,分。,如答案涵盖两个方面，而考生只答对其中一个方面,时，答错的一方面则在扣除,1,分后不再以多余信息,另外扣分，但其中如有语言错误则再扣,0.5,分,