高中英语-Unit-22-Environmental-Protection-Section-Ⅲ-省公.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Section,Lesson,3,Natural,Disasters,1/57,一,二,三,四,一、词义匹配,A,B,(,),1,.granda.a sudden event that causes many people to suffer,(,),2,.armb.impressive and large or important,(,),3,.meansc.to provide weapons for yourself/sb.in order to fight a battle or a war,(,),4,.catastrophed.to slide a short distance by accident so that you fall or nearly fall,(,),5,.slipe.to leave a person or place very quickly,especially because you are afraid of possible danger,(,),6,.fleef.an action,an object or a system by which a result is achieved;a way of achieving or doing sth.,答案:,1.b,2.c3.f4.a5.d6.e,2/57,一,二,三,四,二、猜词拼写,1,.,a fine powder that consists of very small pieces of sand,earth,etc.,2,.,to turn over and over and move in a particular direction;to make a round object do this,3,.,a violent tropical storm with very strong winds,4,.,the total amount of rain that falls in a particular area in a particular amount of time,5,.,happening or existing in the sea,not far from the land,6,.,the possibility of sth.happening or being developed or used,7,.,to make a long,loud cry,dust,roll,typhoon,rainfall,offshore,potential,howl,3/57,一,二,三,四,8,.,used for building walls,houses and other buildings;an individual block of this,brick,4/57,一,二,三,四,三、词汇拓展,1,.changeable,动词,vt,.,改变,2,.irrigation,动词,vt,.,浇灌,3,.rough,副词,adv,.,艰难地,4,.separation,动词,vt,.,使分开,5,.construct,名词,n.,建造,6,.mountainous,名词,n,.,山,change,irrigate,roughly,separate,construction,mountain,5/57,一,二,三,四,四、单句填空,1,.A new bridge,(build)over the river will be open next year.,2,.The topic,(discuss)tomorrow is about how to protect the environment.,3,.Im sorry,but my computer,(repair)at the present.,4,.The novel,(translate)into many kinds of languages so far.,5,.The thief went into the forest to avoid,(catch)by the villagers.,being built,to be discussed,is being repaired,has been translated,being caught,6/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,1.The,last,few,years,have,seen,environmental,disasters,on,a,grand,scale,and,experts,are,predicting,far,worse,to,come.,(,Page,10,),最近几年发生了大规模环境灾难,教授们预测更为严重灾难即将发生。,考点,句中,the,last,few,years,作主语,是一个拟人修辞手法,使行文生动活泼。,The last three months have seen your rapid progress in learning English.,你在最近三个月英语学习中进步快速。,The next few years saw a series of bad harvests.,接下来几年里粮食连年歉收。,A cold winter morning found an old man lying in the street.,一个严寒冬天早晨,一个老人躺在街上。,归纳总结,惯用于这种使用方法动词有,see,witness,find,等。,7/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,8/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,9/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,10/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,2.Storms,have,been,getting,worse,everywhere,too,with,a,growing,number,of,hurricanes,hitting,the,US,and,Central,America.,(,Page,10,),暴风雨在各地愈发肆虐,越来越多飓风攻击美国和中美洲。,The,population,of,the,world,is,growing,at,the,disturbing,rate,of,10,000,people,an,hour,nearly,90,million,a,year,with,most,of,the,growth,in,the,developing,world.,(,Page,10,),全世界人口正在以每小时,10,000,人令人不安速度增加,每年靠近,9000,万人,而大多数新增加人口来自发展中国家。,11/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点,以上两个句子中,都利用了,with,复合结构,在第一个句子中,动词,-ing,短语作宾语补足语,;,在第二个句子中,介词短语作宾语补足语。,With,the,boy,leading,the,way,we found his house easily.,由这个男孩带路,我们很轻易就找到了他家。,The teacher came in,with,a,book,in,his,hand.,这位老师手里拿着一本书进来了。,12/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体部分结构,With,all,the,work,finished,the young man decided to go on a holiday.,结构,with+,宾语+done,With,so,many,emails,to,answer,the girl was upset.,结构,with+,宾语+to do,The young man liked going to sleep,with,all,the,windows,open.,结构,with+,宾语+形容词,13/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,常见,with,复合结构,:,with+,宾语,+doing,with+,宾语,+,介词短语,with+,宾语,+done,with+,宾语,+to,do,with+,宾语,+,形容词,14/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,(3),他逝世时候,女儿还是个学生。,He died,.,(4),他离开了房间,灯还开着。,He left the room,.,(5),伴随时间流逝,他们都长成小伙子和大姑娘了。,they have grown into big boys and big girls.,15/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,(6),他把外套搭在胳膊上走下楼来。,He came downstairs,.,单句填空,(7),two exams to worry about,I have to work really hard this weekend.,(8)With prices,(go)up so fast,we cant afford luxuries.,(9)I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes,(fix)on the ceiling.,(10)With so many books,(choose)from,he eventually found what he had been dreaming of.,(11)With much homework,(do),all the students will have to stay in their classroom for another 45 minutes.,16/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,单句改错,(12)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog followed them.,(13)The street was quiet with no buses were running.,(14)In came a man with his hand being tied back.,(15)With the car broken down halfway on the road,we had great difficulty walking home in the snow.,答案:,(1)With her money lost,(2)With your help(3)with his daughter a student(4)with the light on,(5)With time passing,(6)with his coat over his arm,(7)With,(8)going(9)fixed(10)to choose(11)to do(12)followedfollowing(13)去掉were(14)去掉being(15)brokenbreaking,17/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,3.A,number,of,nations,have,already,been,in,armed,conflict,over,water,and,reduced,rainfall,in,the,west,of,the,US,has,resulted,in,huge,forest,fires.,(,Page,10,),已经有几个国家因为水问题而动武,而美国西部因为降水降低造成了森林大火。,考点,result,in,造成,【高考典句】,(,全国,高考,)But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often,results,in,people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.,不过我们都不得不接收是,当我们变老时,我们反应变得迟钝,这经常会造成人们防止一些潜在有挑战性驾驶条件,失去对驾驶技术自信。,18/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,His carelessness,resulted,in,the terrible accident.,他粗心造成了这场可怕事故。,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义,Could you tell me what the accident,resulted,from,?,词组,result from,意义,起因于,He was often late for work.,As,a,result,he was fired.,词组,as a result,意义,结果,The sports meeting has been put off,as,a,result,of,the heavy rain.,词组,as a result of,意义,因为,19/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,(1)result,from,起因于,as,a,result,结果,as,a,result,of,因为,(2)“,造成,引发,”,其它表示,:,bring,about/lead,to/contribute,to/cause,20/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,21/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,4.People,in,agricultural,areas,without,any,means,to,earn,their,living,move,to,the,cities,and,then,construct,shabby,homes,from,whatever,materials,they,can,find,on,poor,clay,soil.,(,Page,10,),农业地域人们因为没有方法谋生而流向城市,他们在贫瘠黏土上用能够找到任何材料搭建起破烂房子。,考点一,means,n.,方法,;,伎俩,【高考典句】,(,江苏高考,)But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will,perhaps,be able to find other,means,of adapting.,不过他提供了几年时间,在这个时间里,农民们或许会找到别适应方式。,The aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient,means.,设计者目标就是经过最有效方法来处理这些问题。,22/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体词组意义,By,no,means,can teaching in school be separated from practice.,词组,by no means,意义,绝不,The load was lifted,by,means,of,a crane.,词组,by means of,意义,经过,Could I use you new computer?,By,all,means,.Go ahead.,词组,by all means,意义,完全能够,23/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,by,no,means,绝不,by,means,of,经过,by,all,means,完全能够,24/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,词义辨析,means/method/approach/way,means,指实现目标任何伎俩,或使用某种交通工具。,惯用搭配,:by,means,of,用,/,以方法,method,有条理、系统方法。,惯用搭配,:with,this,method,用这种方法,approach,指待人接物或思索问题方式、方法、态度。,惯用搭配,:the,approach,to,(doing),sth.,做方法,way,使用范围较广,但多用在详细事情或口语中。,惯用搭配,:in,this/that,way,用这种,/,那种方法,;,25/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,(4),I must visit my sick friend.,用所给单词适当形式填空,(5)All possible means,(have)been tried but in vain.,(6)Every possible means,(have)been tried but in vain.,答案:,(1)By no means,(2)by means of(3)by means of(4)By all means(5)have(6)has,26/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,考点二,construct,vt.,建造,It needs to be,constructed,from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user.,它需要用能耐住这个灯发出热和使用者定时调整材料建造。,The young man is learning how to,construct,bridges.,这个年轻人正在学习怎样建造桥梁。,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体部分词性、词组和意义,(,江苏高考,)Located where the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road,construction.,词性,名词,意义,建设,It is said that a new bridge is,under,construction.,词组,under construction,意义,在建造中,27/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,construction,n.,建造,;,建设,under,construction,在建设中,28/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,29/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,5.In,May,thousands,of,Indonesians,living,near,Mt,Merapi,(,which,means,mountain,of,fire,),had,to,flee,as,they,thought,it,was,about,to,erupt.,(,Page,11,),年,5,月,住在默拉皮山,(,意思是,“,火之山,”),附近成千上万印度尼西亚人不得不逃离家园,因为他们认为火山要喷发了。,考点,flee,vi.,逃跑,Ten years ago,they were forced to,flee,the city.,十年前,他们被迫逃离这个城市。,When the flood arrived,the villagers,fled,to higher places.,洪水暴发时,村民逃到了较高地方。,30/57,1,2,3,4,5,6,31/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,6.Grammar,被动语态,1,.,被动语态基本时态改变,被动语态由“be+过去分词”组成,be随时态改变而改变。以do为例,各种时态被动语态形式为:,(1),普通现在时:am/is/are+done(过去分词),Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.,要求参观者不能触摸展览品。,(2),现在完成时:has/have been done,All the preparations for the task have been completed,and were ready to start.,这项工作全部准备工作已经完成,我们准备开始。,32/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(3),现在进行时:am/is/are being done,A new cinema is being built here.,这儿正在修建一座新电影院。,(4),普通过去时:was/were done,I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.,我被给予十分钟来决定是否应该拒绝这项提议。,(5),过去完成时:had been done,By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.,到去年为止,在北京已经建成另一个新体育馆。,(6),过去进行时:was/were being done,A meeting was being held when I was there.,当我到那儿时,会议正在进行中。,33/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(7),普通未来时:shall/will be done/be going to be done/be about to be done/be to be done,Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,假如工厂关闭,将会失去成百上千份工作。,(8),过去未来时:should/would be done;was/were going to be done;was/were about to be done;was/were to be done,The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as possible.,消息应尽快传到这名士兵母亲那里。,34/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,2,.,被动语态特殊结构形式,(1),非谓语动词被动语态(此部分是本单元语法重点),不定式被动语态:由“to be+过去分词”组成。如:,He needs to be taken care of.,他需要人照料。,Not a sound was to be heard.,听不到一点声音。,温馨提醒,有时用不定式完成被动式,(to,have,been+,过去分词,):,I,would,like,to,have,been,told,the,result,earlier.,我本想让人把结果早点告诉我。,35/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,v.,-,ing,被动语态:由“being+过去分词”组成。,The building being repaired is our library.,正在维修那座楼是我们图书馆。,Having been invited to speak,Ill start making preparations tomorrow.,因为邀请我去讲话,我明天就得做准备。,He objected to being treated as a child.,他反对被当成孩子对待。,过去分词没有被动式,过去分词本身能够表示被动意义,但它没有对应被动语态形式。,The door remained locked.,门依然锁着。,36/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(2),情态动词被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。,The baby should be taken good care of by the babysitter.,孩子应该由保姆照看好。,(3),使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时要加to。,Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.,其被动结构:A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,有些人看见一个陌生人走进了大楼。,(4),有些相当于及物动词动词词组,如“动词+介词”“动词+副词”等,也能够用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中介词或副词也不能省略。,The meeting is to be put off till Friday.,会议将推迟到星期五。,37/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(5)“It is said that+,从句”及其它类似句型,一些表示“听说”或“相信”动词,如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等能够用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。如:It is said that.“听说”;It is reported that.“据报道”;It is believed that.“大家相信”;It is hoped that.“大家希望”;It is well known that.“众所周知”;It is thought that.“大家认为”;It is suggested that.“据提议”。,It is said that the boy has passed the exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the exam.),听说男孩已经过了考试。,38/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,联想拓展,谓语动词主动形式表示被动意义,1,.,英语中有很多动词,如,break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash,等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,惯用其主动形式表示被动意义,主语通常是物。,This,kind,of,cloth,washes,well.,这种布料很好洗。,温馨提醒,主动语态表被动强调是主语特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成影响。试比较,:,The,door,wont,lock.(,指门本身有毛病,),The,door,wont,be,locked.(,指不会有些人来锁门,指,“,门没有锁,”,是人原因,),39/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,2,.,表示,“,发生、进行,”,等不及物动词和短语,如,:,happen,take,place,break,out,come,out,come,about,come,true,run,out,give,out,turn,out,等以主动形式表示被动意义。,How,do,the,newspapers,come,out?,这些报纸是怎样发行呢,?,3,.,系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官连系动词,feel,sound,taste,look,smell,等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。,Your,reason,sounds,reasonable.,你理由听起来很有道理。,40/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,4,.,非谓语动词主动形式表被动意义,(1),在,need,want,require,bear,等词后面,动词,-,ing,形式用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式被动形式。,The,house,needs,repairing,(to,be,repaired).,这栋房子需要修理。,(2),形容词,worth,后面跟动词,-,ing,主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式,;,而,worthy,后面跟动词不定式被动形式。,The,picture,book,is,well,worth,reading.,这本画册很值得一读。,(=The,picture,book,is,worthy,to,be,read.),41/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(3),动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词组成主谓关系,惯用不定式主动形式表示被动含义。,I,have,a,lot,of,things,to,do,this,afternoon.(to,do,与,things,之间是动宾关系,与,I,之间是主谓关系。,),试比较,:Ill,go,to,the,post,office.Do,you,have,a,letter,to,be,posted?,(,此处用不定式被动语态作定语表明,you,不是,post,这个动作执行者。,),42/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(4),在一些,“,形容词,+,不定式,”,作表语或宾语补足语结构中,句子主语或宾语又是动词不定式逻辑宾语时,这时惯用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有,nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting,等。,This,problem,is,difficult,to,work,out.(,可看作,to,work,out,前省略了,for,me),这个问题极难处理。,(5),在,too.,to.,结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。,This,book,is,too,expensive,(for,me),to,buy.,这本书太贵,我买不起。,43/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(6),在,there,be.,句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动形式作定语,重点在人,;,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。,There,is,no,time,to,lose/to,be,lost.(,用,to,lose,可看成,for,us,to,lose;,用,to,be,lost,则没有明确表明逻辑主语。,),没有时间可浪费。,5,.“,介词,in,on,under,等,+,名词,”,组成介词短语表被动意义,表示方位介词与含动作意义名词适用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词对应动词被动形式意义,名词前普通不用冠词。,(1)“under+,名词,”,结构,表示,“,某事在进行中,”,。常见有,:under,control(,受控制,);under,treatment(,在治疗中,);under,repair(,在修理中,);under,discussion(,在讨论中,);under,construction(,在施工中,),。,44/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(2)“beyond+,名词,”,结构,表示,“,超出范围、程度,”,。常见有,:beyond,belief,(,令人难以置信,);beyond,ones,reach(,够不着,);beyond,ones,control(,无法控制,),。,(3)“above+,名词,”,结构,表示,“(,品质、行为、能力等,),超出、高于,”,。,(4)“in+,名词,”,结构,表示,“,在过程中或范围内,”,常见有,:in,print(,在印刷中,),in,sight(,在视野范围内,),等。,(5)“on+,名词,”,结构,表示,“,在从事中,”,。常见有,:on,sale(,出售,);on,show(,展出,);on,trial(,受审,),。,(6)“out,of+,名词,”,结构,表示,“,超出之外,”,常见有,:out,of,control,(,控制不了,);out,of,sight,(,超出视线之外,);out,of,ones,reach(,够不着,);out,of,fashion(,不流行,),等。,(7)“within+,名词,”,结构,“,在内、不超出,”,。,45/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(2)This is Teds photo.We miss him a lot.He,(kill)trying to save a child in an earthquake.,(3)Have you moved into the new house?,Not yet,the rooms,(paint).,(4)When and where to go for the on-salary holiday,(not decide)yet.,(5),(tell)many times,he finally,understood it.,(6)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle,(hear).,46/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,(7)Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier,(reuse).,(8),(protect)by a wall,he felt quite safe.,(9)Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one,(repair)first is the library.,(10)His first book,(publish)next month is based on a true story.,47/57,5,6,1,2,3,4,单句改错,(11)Clothes of that type were sold well.,(12)These old buildings want rebuilt.,(13)Sitting there with tears in his eyes,he seems to have told everything.,(14)No one is fond of being laughed.,(15)The unemployment rate in this district has been fallen from 6%to 5%in the past two years.,答案:,(1)is served,(2)was killed(3)are being painted(4)has not been decided(5)Having been told(6)to be heard(7)to be reused(8)Being protected(9)to be repaired(10)to be published(11)去掉were(12)rebuiltrebuilding(13)have后加been(14)laughed后加at(15)去掉been,48/57,一,二,三,四,一、写作词汇检测,用所学单词或短语完成或翻译以下句子。,1,.,建造,(1)A new school will be,near this village.,(2),这座正在建造大楼是给村民。,答案:,(1)constructed,(2)The building under construction/being constructed is for the villagers.,2,.flee,(1)When the war broke out,many citizens,to another city.,(2),这只熊从森林里逃走了。,答案:,(1)fled,(2)This bear fled the forest.,49/57,一,二,三,四,3,.arm,(1),with some spears(,矛;长枪),the boys went into the forest.,(2),你们应该用知识来武装大脑。,答案:,(1)Armed,(2)You should arm your mind with some knowledge.,利用所学单词或短语造句。,4,.rough,答案:,At the time the man was rough to me.(,当初这个人对我很是粗暴。),5,.potential,答案:,What do the potenti