Unit-6-Animal-Intelligence-(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Lead in Activities,Global Reading,Culture Notes,Exercises,Detailed Reading,1,Word-guessing game,pig,monkey,tiger,turtle,whale,dog,parrot,elephant,dinosaur,gorilla,2,Intelligence is the power of,learning,understanding and knowing;mental ability,Do you think these animals have intelligence?,Rank them according to their intelligence.Reasons.,pig monkey tiger turtle whale,dog parrot elephant dinosaur gorilla,3,Do you have your personal experiences about animal intelligence?,An example about an apes intelligence.,Lets find more examples of animal intelligence from Text A.,Text Structure,Parts,Paragraphs,Main Ideas,Part 1,Part 2,Part 3,Paras1-2,Paras3-12,Paras13,3 sub-headings,Introduction,Supporting examples,Conclusion,Lets Make a Deal,Tale of a Whale,Primate Shell Game,1.What is the controversy about animal intelligence?,(Para1),Do animals really have thoughts,what we call consciousness?,2.How do scientists explore animal intelligence usually?,(Para1),Scientists design experiments to teach human signs.,6,3.When does the author think animals will probably do their best thinking?,(Para1),4.Why did the author talk to people like vets,animal researchers and zoo keepers?,(Para2),Because they often encounter animal intelligence,and can tell him a lot of real stories.,When it serves their own,purposes,.,7,5.What is the new window on animal intelligence revealed by the stories?,(Para2),When dealing with captivity and humans,animals perform mental feats.,mental feats-,高超的思维技能；聪明,Animals can demonstrate intelligence when dealing with captivity and human beings.,8,6.How many animals are mentioned in the text?Who are they?,Animal,Name,female gorilla,male orangutan,male killer whale,female orangutan,dominant male orangutan,Colo,Chantek,Orky,Melati,Towan,9,7.The first animal-Colo,(Para3-4),human:,Charlene Jendry,a conservationist at the Columbus zoo,The story:,One day,Colo was _ and Jendry wanted to know what it was.So she _ some peanuts but Colo just gave her _.Jendry realized Colo was _ and she had to _ and give Colo a piece of pineapple.,handling a suspicious object,offered,a blank stare,negotiating,raise the stakes,10,Colos ability:,trading one thing for another;bargaining;negotiating;making a deal,Maintaing _ with Jendry,Colo _ a key chain in her hand.Jendry was _ as the key chain was not dangerous or valuable and gave Colo the pineapple.But to her surprise,Colo _ the key chain and gave her a _.Maybe she was _ if she could get a bit of pineapple for each piece of key chain,why give Jendry the whole thing.Colo was really a careful _.,eye contact,revealed,relieved,broke,link,figuring,bargainer,11,8.The second animal-Chantek,(Para5-6),human:,Lyn Miles,an anthropologist,If Chantek did cleaning,he could earn:,1.coins to spend on treats;2.rides in Miles car,What Miles did there:,undertake a sign-language study at the University of Tennessee,the stem of grapes,Coins used by Miles:,plastic chips first;metal chips later,What Chantek did with coins:,1.break plastic chips in two;2.find pieces of tin foil and try to make copies.to expand money supply,Miles taught Chantek:,virtuous habits-saving and sharing,What Chantek shared:,12,8.The second animal-Chantek,(Para5-6),From the two animals,we can know:,Chanteks skill:,handling money;making a deal,Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.,13,9.The third animal-Orky,(Para7-10),human:,Gail Laule,a consultant on animal behavior,problem:,Orkys mate-Corky _a baby whale who didnt _at first.So keepers took it out of the tank by _for_.When workers returned the it to the tank and _the stretcher a few meters above the water,the baby whale began to _suddenly and might_.But keepers couldnt _the baby to help it.,gave birth to,thrive,stretcher,emergency care,halted,throw up,choke,reach,14,From the above killer whale,we can know:,Animals can assess a situation and act accordingly.,actions by Orky:,size up,swim,keep steady,Orkys ability:,assessing;making judgments;taking actions.,15,10.The fourth animal-Melati,(Para11),human:,Helen Shewman-Zoo keeper of Seattles Woodland Zoo,playing trick/deceiving/playing shell game,Trick played by Melati:,After Helen Shewman dropped an orange for Melati,Melati didnt _to get it,but she still looked Shewman in the eye,_,her hand.Shewman thought the orange must have rolled off and Melati couldnt get _ to it.So Shewman gave Melati another orange.However,at that moment,she noticed that Melati had _ the _orange in her other hand on purpose.,Melatis ability:,move away,holding out,access,hidden,original,16,11.The fifth animal-Towan,(Para12),playing trick/deceiving/playing shell game/being tricky.,Towans ability:,retell the story with the words given:,watch the trick,pretend,hold her gaze,hold out his hand,hide orange under his foot.,From the two orangutans,we can know:,Some animals can play tricks.,17,12.What is the function of these animal stories?,To support his point advanced in part I.,13.What is the topic sentence of the last part?,Other Species can assess the world around them,even if their horizons are more limited than ours.,18,Text Structure,Introduction(1-2),Some animals demonstrate intelligence when dealing with captivity and human beings.,Supporting examples,(3-12),Lets Make a Deal,some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people,Tale of a Whale,animals can asses a situation and act accordingly,Primate Shell Game,-some animals can be tricky,Conclusion(13),Some animals are intelligent.,Cultural Notes,Gorilla and Orangutan,Killer Whale,20,Gorilla and Orangutan,Primate,灵长目,humans,Chimps or chimpanzee(,黑猩猩,),orangutans(,猩猩,),monkeys,apes,gorillas(,大猩猩,),21,Gorilla,Orangutan,Height,Male-5.5feet;female-smaller,Male 4 to 5 feet;Female 3.5 to 4 feet,Color,black or grayish,Reddish-brown hair,Location,western Africa,Found on the islands of Indonesia and Malaysia.,Diet,Mainly Fruit and vegetables,Mainly fruit,some leaves,flowers and insects.,Life Span,30 to 40 years in the wild;40 to 50 years in captivity,40 to 50 years in the wild;50 to 60 years in captivity,22,Killer whale,:orca,seawolf,length:,about 27-33 feet(8-10 m),weight:,more than 8,000-12,000 pounds(3,600-5,400 kg).,family:,the largest member of the dolphin family.,a mammal living in water,breathe air through a hole at the top of its head.,it is toothed and an efficient predator.,only enemy:human being,23,Detailed Understanding,Language Points,Sentence Structure,Writing Skills,Translation,24,Language Points:,1.controversy,2.surround,3.explore,4.serve ones purpose,5.encounter,6.reveal,7.convince,8.negotiate,9.maintain,10.relieve,11.undertake,12.figure out,13.extend,14.expand,15.in sbs interest,16.assess,17.negotiate,18.size up,19.deceive,25,1.Over the years,I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the,controversy,that,surround,them.(L1-3),controversy:,争论，争议,The policy has caused fierce/heated controversy ever since it was introduced.,Photos of extinct South China tiger sparks controversy.,People have a heated controversy over the authenticity of photographs of South China tiger.,controversial a.,有争议的,引起争议的,26,1.Over the years,I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the,controversy,that,surround,them.(L1-3),surround:be or go all around.,围绕，包围,The baby was sitting on the floor surrounded by toys.,What do you know about Zhoushan City,a prison or a beautiful woman?,多年来，我写了大量关于动物智能实验、以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章,。,27,2.Wondering whether there might be better ways to,explore,animal intelligence than experiments.(L4),explore:1.examine thoroughly,learn about,仔细检查,研究,探究,;2.,探险,探测,考察,The engineers have already explored the possibility,of building a bridge over the river.,The best way to explore the countryside is on foot.,Do you want to explore outer space or the Antarctic regions?,exploration n.,探测，探险；研究,28,3.they will do their best thinking when it,serves their own purposes,not when scientists ask them to (L6),serve ones purpose:to have use,有用,-Do you have a pen?,-sorry,I dont have.Can this pencil serve your purpose.,I havent got a hammer,but this stone can serve my purpose.,29,4.they,encounter,it,and.(L9),1)meet unexpectedly 偶遇,邂逅,v.,2)meet something bad,esp.a difficulty or a danger 遭遇(困难,危险),v.,n.a sudden meeting 突遇,(困难,危险),On the train,I encountered an old lady who happened to be a neighbor of my daughters.,我刚开始做这工作时遇到很多困难,.,I encountered many difficulties when I first started this job.,They had an encounter with the enemy last night.,30,5.The stories they tell us,reveal,what Im,convinced,is a new window on animal intelligence:the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet humans.(L6),reveal:make sth especially secret known,展示,显示,;,泄露,透露,He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians.,Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought.,31,5.The stories they tell us,reveal,what Im,convinced,is a new window on animal intelligence:the kind of,mental feats,animals perform when dealing with captivity and the,dominant species,on the planet humans.(L10),convince:,make sb.feel sure by the use of argument or evidence,使确信，使信服,convince sb.of sth,convince sb.that,He managed to convince the jury of his innocence.,Its useless trying to convince her(that)she doesnt need to lose any weight.,32,convince:,使确信，使信服,convince sb.of sth,convince sb.that,convinced a.,确信的，信服的,be convinced that/of,convincing a.,令人信服的，有说服力的,I am convinced,that he is lying.,I didnt think the ending of the film was very convincing.,我相信他在撒谎。,Im sure that,33,5.The stories they tell us,reveal,(,what Im,convinced,is,),a new window on animal intelligence:the kind of,mental feats,animals perform when dealing with captivity and the,dominant species,on the planet humans.(L10),他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种,人类,时所表现的高超的思维技能,/,聪明。,34,6.Arriving,on the scene,Jendry offered Colo some peanuts,only to,be met with a,blank stare,.(L16),only,和不定式连用常构成结果状语,表示与预料相反的结果，意思是“竟然,、结果,”,我到了剧院后，却发现将票忘在家里了。,I got the theater,only to discover that I had left the ticket at home.,He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.,35,7.Realizing they were,negotiating,Jenry raised the stakes and.(L17),negotiate:discuss in order to come to an agreement,谈判，协商,The Bush Administration refuses to negotiate with the terrorists.,negotiation n.,商议，谈判,36,8.At this point,while,maintaining,eye contact,Colo.(L18),maintain:,保持，维持保养，维修（坚决）主张，强调,The taxi driver and his friend Ed maintained their friendship for over 30 years.,He maintained his car regularly.,The accused maintained his innocence.,37,9.,Relieved,it was not anything dangerous(L20),relieve:free sb.from pain,anxiety,etc;ease pain etc.,使减轻（痛苦、焦虑），缓解减轻压力等,relieve sb of sth,I was relieved to hear that you arrived home safe and sound.,If you have a headache or stomachache,will you eat drugs or medicine?,Taking a part-time job would relieve you of the financial burden.,relief-to ones relief;believe-belief,38,10.,Why give her the whole thing,if I can.(L22),why+,动词原形 和,why not+,动词原形的不定式的用法,The central heating system seems to have gone wrong.You should call the repairman to check it.,.Why not call the repairman to check it?,Hes made up his mind not to undertake this task.Its pointless to argue with him any more.,He has made up his mind not to undertake this task.Why argue with him any more?,39,11.a sign language study,undertaken,by.(L26),undertake:v.1.carry out,take upon oneself(a task,etc.),从事,承担,(,任务,),2.undertake to do sth.,答应,同意,Undertake a task,Undertake responsibility,I undertook to teach the children English,.,n.,undertaking,工作，事业,;,承诺,保证,charitable undertakings,慈善事业,40,11.Chantek,figured out,that if he did.(L27),figure out:,想出,弄明白,understand,reason out,I cant figure out why he quit his well-paid job to undertake such tedious work,figure:,外形,体形；数字；形状；身份，人物；画像,塑像,n.,41,11.But the orangutans understanding of money seemed to,extend,far beyond simple dealings.(L29),extend:v.,延伸，延长伸出，伸展（身体的一部分）给予，提供,The wet weather extended into July.,The baby extended his hands to grasp the toy.,I would like to extend a warm welcome to all our visitors.,但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。,42,12.,but Chantek decided he could,expand,the money supply by.(L31),expand,:v.,扩大，扩张膨胀,The bank is aiming to expand its share of the mortgage market.,Metal expands when heated.,银行旨在扩大其抵押贷款的市场份额。,43,13.Behaviorists would say that animals,cooperate,when they learn it is,in their interest,to do so.This is true,but I dont think it,goes far,enough.(L41),in sb.s interest,为了,的利益,对,有利,It would be in your interests to undertake the task.,In the interest of sth.:for the sake of sth.,为了,为了,.,的利益,In the interest of safety,please do not smoke.,承担这一任务对你有利,.,44,13.Behaviorists would say that animals,cooperate,when they learn it is,in their interest,to do so.This is true,but I dont think it,goes far,enough.(L41),行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。,45,14.He would,assess,a situation and then do.(L45),assess,:v.judge the quality,importance or worth of,评估，估量,考试不是评价一个人的能力的唯一手段,.,Examinations are not the only means of assessing someones ability.,They assessed the value of the house at 600,000 yuan.,46,15.,Apparently,sizing up,the problem,Orky.(L54),size up,:carefully examine a situation or person in order to make a judgment,估量，判断,I dont like the way my father sized up my boyfriend.,He sized the situation up at a glance and took immediate action.,47,16.Orky let the keeper reach up and,release,the.(L57),release,:,释放，解放，松开公布，发行,Physical exercise is a good way of releasing tension.,The precise sales volume has not been released yet.,release sb.from his suffering,免除某人的痛苦,;release sb.from his promise,使某人不必履行诺言,;,48,17.Sometimes evidence of intelligence can be seen in attempts to,deceive,.(L60),deceive,:try to make sb believe sth that is false,欺骗,deceive sb.into doing sth.,They deceived the dying old man into signing his will.,【,近形,】receive,收到，接到,;conceive,怀孕；想象，构想,;perceive,察觉，理解，发觉,reception;conception;perception,deception n.,欺骗，骗局,;deceptive a.,骗人的，有欺骗性的,49,18.If life is about,survival,of a species and intelligence is meant to,serve,that survival then we cant,compare with,pea-brained sea turtles,(,which were here long before us and survived the disaster,(,that wiped out the dinosaurs.,),),(L74-76),如果生命就是讲物种的生存,而智慧是为了生存,那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。,50,19.Still,it is comforting to realize that other species besides our own can stand back and,assess,the world around them,even if their,horizons,are more limited than ours.(L77-79),尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。,51,1).Make sure that all the examples are relevant and persuasive,2).Choose typical examples:choose those most likely to convince your reader.,Writing Strategy-supporting a topic with examples,52,1.Heading and Subheadings,Suggest to the reader the contents of each section,Enhance the formal appearance of an essay,Eliminate the need for wordy transitional devices be