1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考,不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考,不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考,不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考!,备战高考英语一轮复习 单项选择专题专题02 动词时态及语态,1/59,目录,高考链接 体验,考点梳理 精讲,关键点知识 点拨,误区警示 透析,2/59,高考链接 体验,3/59,1.(,高考英语上海秋季卷,31)The church tower which _ will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.,
2、A.has restored B.has been restored C.is restoring D.is being restored,【,答案,】,D,【,解析,】,本题考查被动语态。,Restore,意思为修复,而最终一句表明工程还未完成,所以为正在修复中,答案选,D.,4/59,2.(,高考英语上海秋季卷,28)Every few years,the coal workers _ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.,A.are having B.have C.have had D.had had,【,答案,】,B,【,解析,】,本题
3、考查时态。依据时间状语,every few years,可判断本句应为普通现在时,所以答案选,B,。,5/59,3.(,高考英语重庆卷,31)-Why do you want to work for our company?,-This is the job that I _for.,A.lookedB.am to lookC.had lookedD.have been looking,【,答案,】,D,【,解析,】,考查时态。由句意:这就是我一直寻找工作可知用现在完成进行时,表示从过去某个时刻发生动作一直连续到现在,而且有可能连续下去。,6/59,4.(,高考英语重庆卷,29)The pal
4、ace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building _now.,A.remainsB.is remained,C.is remaining,D.has been remained,【,答案,】,A,【,解析,】,考查时态。,remain,在这儿意思是“剩下,余留”,为不及物动词,整句话是对现在事实陈说,所以用普通现在时。选,A,项。,7/59,5.(,高考英语重庆卷,24)The book has been translated into thirty languages sin
5、ce it _on the market in 1973.,A.had comeB.has comeC.cameD.comes,【,答案,】,C,【,解析,】,考查时态。,since,引导从句作状语时,主句通惯用完成时,而从句用普通过去时,所以选,C,项。,8/59,6.(,高考英语浙江卷,15)For many years,people _ electric cars.However,making them has been more difficult than predicted.,A,had dreamed of B,have dreamed of,C,dreamed of D,dre
6、am of,【,答案,】,B,【,解析,】,考查动词时态。从,For many years,可知,此处谓语动词用完成时态;排除,C,项和,D,项;又因后一句用是现在时态,故排除,A,项。据此答案应该选,B,项“现在完成时态”。,9/59,7.(,高考英语浙江卷,5)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring,you _ fresh watermelon in the fall.,A,eat B,would eat C,have eaten D,will be eating,【,答案,】,D,【,解析,】,本题考查条件句时态。依据句意:假如你在春天种下
7、西瓜种子,你会在秋天吃到新鲜西瓜。能够判断这是真实条件从句,会发生事情,所以选择,will be eating,表未来。,10/59,8.(高考英语天津卷,10)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting_ at the culture show of the Shanghai World Expo.,A.are exhibiting B.is exhibiting,C.are being exhibited D.is being exhibited,【答案】C,【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意为:“像剪纸这么天津传统民间艺术正在上海
8、世博会文化展上进行展览。”依据句意可知是现在进行时含义,剧中主语时traditional folk arts,是复数形式,谓语动词采取复数形式,主语又表示“物”,含有被动含义,所以选择C。,11/59,9.(,高考英语天津卷,4)We _on this project for four hours.Le ts have a rest.,A.are working B.have been working,C.worked D.had worked,【,答案,】,B,【,解析,】,考查动词时态。句意为:“我们四个小时一直做这个项目。让我们休息一下吧”,句中出现,for four hours,这个时
9、间状语,能够判断出使用现在完成时,依据句意又可知动作在连续进行当中,所以用现在完成进行时,故选,B,。,12/59,10.(,高考英语四川卷,18)Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you,A,will expect B,will be expected,C,expected D,were expected,【,答案,】,D,【,解析,】,考查动词时态。句中,you,与,expect,存在被动关系,首先排除,C,。又有,have failed,提醒应是过去你被期盼做事,故应为过去时,正确答
10、案为,D,。,13/59,考点梳理 精讲,14/59,15/59,(,高考英语纲领全国,II,卷,19)Excuse me.I _ I was blocking your way.,A.didnt realize B.dont realize,C.havent realized D.wasnt realizing,【,答案,】A,【,解析,】,考查时态。句意为:“抱歉,我刚才没有意识到我挡了您道了。”这里要用普通过去时,说明说话者在刚才没有意识到自己挡了他人路,现在已经意识到了,所以要用普通过去时说过去事实,不过不能用普通现在时。,16/59,17/59,18/59,19/59,20/59,2
11、1/59,22/59,23/59,24/59,25/59,26/59,27/59,28/59,29/59,30/59,专题九,考点梳理,31/59,专题九,考点梳理,32/59,专题九,考点梳理,33/59,关键点知识 点拨,34/59,动词时态,1.,普通现在时,普通现在时是不受时间限制客观存在,指经常发生动作或存在状态。详细表示:,(,1,)表示现实状况、性质、状态或经常或习惯性动作,且常与表频率时间状语连用。,John sometimes sits up very late.,约翰有时很晚才睡。,(,2,)表示客观事实或普遍现象。,I usually go to bed at nine.
12、我通常,9,点钟睡觉。,35/59,2.,普通未来时几个使用方法比较,(,1,),be going to,表示现在打算在最近或未来要做某事,这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已经做了某种准备或表示非常可能发生。,(,2,),shall/will do,表示未事先考虑过,即说话时暂时想到。,(,3,),be to do sth.,表示按计划、安排即将发生动作或表示吩咐、命令、禁止等。,(,4,),be about to do sth.,表示“即刻,就要”,后面不能接表示未来时间状语。,36/59,(,5,)用于条件、时间等状语从句中,比如由,if,unless,before,as soon as,
13、when,once,引导状语从句,用普通现在时代替普通未来时。,(,6,)少数用于表示动作起止动词。如:,go,come,leave,start,arrive,begin,等有时也用普通时态代替未来时态。表示一个按要求、计划或安排要发生动作(表示车、船、飞机等按时刻表要发生动作)。,The plane for Beijing takes off at 930.,去北京飞机,930,起飞。,(,7,)少数用于表示动作起止动词,如,:go,come,begin,leave,arrive,return,take,等有时也用现在进行时代替未来时。,37/59,3.,现在进行时,表示此时此刻或现阶段正在
14、进行动作,含有暂时性、连续性、未完成性特点。详细表示:,(,1,)表示说话时刻正在发生或进行着动作。,(,2,)表示现在阶段正在进行动作。,4.,现在完成时,现在完成时是过去动作或状态对现在影响或对现在造成结果,以及表示从过去开始动作或状态一直连续到现在。注意以下几点:,38/59,(,1,)现在完成时除能够和,for,since,引发状语连用外,还能够和下面介词短语连用:,during/in/over the last(past)few years(months,weeks),in recent years,。,(,2,)现在完成时还能够用于以下句子结构:,It is/has been+,一
15、段时间,+since,从句,That/This/It is the only.,That/This/It is the best/finest/most interesting.,39/59,(,3,)非延续性动词,marry,close,die,arrive,post,come,fall,leave,go,break,lose,give,join,jump,receive,buy,borrow,become,start,begin,graduate,假如用于现在完成时,不能与表示一段时间时间状语,for.,,,since.,连用。,5.,普通过去时,是与现在没有联络时态,只强调过去事实,不强
16、调与现在关系。,40/59,6.,过去完成时,(,1,)第一个类型是:过去完成时,+before/by the time/when.+,普通过去时。,第二种类型是:,Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had+,主语,+,过去分词,+when/than/when+,普通过去时。,第三种类型是:,I had thought/expected/meant/wanted.,表示过去未实现希望或计划。,第四种类型是:动作发生次序是过去过去。,(,2,)表示过去未实现希望或计划,用,I had hoped/expected/supposed/meant/thought/wanted/to
17、 do sth.,句型,表示我本希望,/,想,/,可能,/,打算,/,认为,/,想做某事。,41/59,7.,过去未来时(相对于过去某个时间发生在未来动作),过去未来时是相对普通未来时时态,使用方法与其相同,但要注意时态改变。,注意,was/were going to do sth.,表过去未来,或表示过去未曾实现愿望或想法。,8.,现在完成时和现在完成进行时区分,现在完成时表示动作截止到现在已完成,着重结果;现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直连续到现在动作,也可表示在说话时刻之前刚才结束动作,强调动作连续性。,42/59,I have written three letters.,我已写完
18、三封信。(已写完),I have been writing three letters.,我一直在写三封信。(可能还在写),注意,(,1,)有些动词,如,ork,study,live,teach,等用现在完成进行时与用现在完成时意思差不多。,(,2,)以下动词不能用于进行时态。,短暂动作类:,finish,marry,get up,come,go,等。感官类:,see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,seem,appe ar,等。,43/59,感觉类:,hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive,等
19、存在类:,be,exist,remain,stay,obtain,等。,占有、隶属类:,have,possess,own,contain,belong,consist of,等。,认知类:,understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remember,等。,44/59,被动语态,1.,英语中被动语态惯用于以下几个场所:,不知道动作执行者;无须提到动作执行者;强调或侧重动作承受者,;,动作执行者很含糊;有些动词习惯上惯用被动语态。,Its suggested that we put the meeting off.,有些人提议我们延期举行会议。,2.
20、It+be+,过去分词,+,从句”结构被动结构,It is known that.,众所周知,It is suggested that.,有些人提议,45/59,It is believed that.,有些人相信,It is hoped that.,大家希望,It is thought that.,大家认为,3.,被动语态与系表结构区分,被动语态中过去分词是动词,表示动作;系表结构中过去分词相当于形容词,表示状态。,These things are sold quickly.,(被动语态),这些东西卖得很快。,These things are all sold out.,(系表结构),这些
21、东西已经卖完了。,46/59,常使用系表结构词有:,be seated,坐着,,be hidden,躲藏,,be lost,迷路,,be drunk,喝醉,,be dressed,穿着,,be devoted to,致力于;献身,,be determined,决定,,be compared,比较。,4.,不使用被动语态几个情况,(,1,)当,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,等系动词后面接形容词时。,(,2,)当,break out,take place,go off,run out,give out,give in,work out,come out,come into
22、 being,run out,give in,happen,take place,break out,等动词表示“发生;制订”等意思时。,47/59,The plan worked out successfully.,这项计划很成功。,(,3,),want,require,need,worth,deserve,后面动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。,These flowers want/require/need watering.,这些花需要浇水。,(,4,)有时尽管不定式与其逻辑主语是被动关系,但不定式仍用主动语态。不定式作状语,假如句子中存在,light,heavy,difficult,eas
23、y,comfortable,等词时就应该用不定式主动形式表示被动含义。,(,5,)当,cut,read,sell,wear,write,wash,cook,lock,shut,dry,drink,wash,等表示某种性质且动词带状语修饰语时。,48/59,误区警示 透析,49/59,无时间状语易错点,If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago,you would have known what we,about.,A.TalkedB.have talked,C.were talkingD.would talk,因为高考考查动词时态时往往不给出
24、详细,时间状语,所以在解答动词时态题时,考生要善,于从上下文或者详细语境中确定动作发生时,间,从而确定使用什么时态。,50/59,【,解题探究,】C,。句意为:假如你十分钟以前进入聊天室话,你就会知道我们当初正在谈论什么内容。表示过去正在进行动作要用过去进行时。故正确答案为,C,。,易混时态常错点,The old man who,in the deserted house alone for ten years has been settled in a nursing home now.,A.LivedB.has lived,C.has been livingD.had lived,51/5
25、9,对一些轻易混同时态考查也是高考考查动,词时态一大热点。解答该类题目时,考生首先要,掌握各种时态详细使用方法,其次在做题时一定要根,据所给出语境判断动作发生时间:是过去过,去,是过去,是现在,还是未来,然后依据时态,使用方法来确定正确答案。,52/59,【,解题探究,】A,。由“,has been settled in a nursing home now”,可知,现在那位老人已经不住在那座房子里了,也就是说那位老人在那座房子里住了十年动作并没有连续到现在,与现在没相关系,故不能用完成时。这里只表示过去曾经发生过某事,应该用普通过去时,故正确答案为,A,。,难辨句式易错点,1.How cou
26、ld I apply for a course online?,Just fill in this form and we what we can,do for you.,53/59,A.SeeB.are seeing,C.have seenD.will see,题干为小对话时,一定要读懂语境,要善于从语境中确定动作发生时间。有时看是否是固定句型也会很有用,因为在一些固定句型中时态也是相对固定,如在“祈使句,+,and,+,陈说句”这个句型中陈说句往往用普通未来时。,54/59,【,解题探究,】D,。答语意为:先把这个表格填好,我们将看看能为你做些什么。故要用普通未来时。,2.Suddenly
27、 everyone stopped talking.It became,clear that something unexpected,.,But,for a while,I didnt know what it was.,A.has happened,B.is happening,C.happened,D.had happened,55/59,主从句中时态一致也是高考考查时态热点,之一。在叙述过去事情时,主句和从句都要用与,过去对应时态。主句为普通现在时时候宾语从,句或其它从句能够依据需要用对应时态。,【,解题探究,】D,。由语境可知这里是在叙述过去发,生事情。这里强调是在“,everyon
28、e stopped,talking”,这一过去动作之前发生动作,即表示“过,去过去发生动作”,故用过去完成时。,56/59,难辨时态语态易错点,(,湖南,,27,),Would you please keep silent?The weather report,and I want to listen.,A.is broadcast B.is being broadcast,C.has been broadcast D.had been broadcast,在考查动词时态和语态时,高考试题往往把,时态和语态放在一起考查。要解答好这种类型题,目,首先要判断用主动语态还是用被动语态,判断,用哪种语
29、态主要是判断主语与谓语动词之间关系;,其次再判断动作发生时间。,57/59,【,解题探究,】B,。句意为:请你保持平静好吗?正,在广播天气预报,我想听听。,broadcast,与主语,the,weather report,组成逻辑上动宾关系,且该动作正,在进行,所以要用现在进行时被动语态形式。,2.Water,at 100.In such hot weather,it,wont take much time to boil water.,A.boilsB.is boiled,C.will boilD.is boiling,58/59,主动形式表示被动意义也是高考考查动词时,态和语态热点之一。当谓语动词被用来说明主语,性质或特征时,往往用主动表示被动,因为此时,谓语动词并不强调是一个被动动作。,【,解题探究,】A,。“水在,100,会沸腾”这是一个客观,事实,也是水一个性质,故选,A,。又如:,The knife,cuts sharply.,这把刀很尖锐。,59/59,