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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,GENERAL REVISION,Adj.adv.,1/84,用以修饰名词，表示事物,特征,词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.,什么叫形容词?,在句中作,定语,、,表语,、,宾语补足语,等成份,2/84,e.g.He is a,good,student.,I have something,important,to tell you.,当形容词修饰由,some-,any-,no-,every-,组成不定代词时,形容词要放在这些,不定代词之后.e.g.,Is there,anything interesting,in todays newspaper?,作定语,3/84,The trees turn,green,in spring.,We are,alone,on the island.,只能作表语，不能作定语形容词,你能说出几个？,alone afraid awake asleep alive able(特点：以a打头),作表语,4/84,形容词和宾语一起组成,复合宾语,e.g.,We must keep the classroom,clean,.,He made us,happy,.,作宾语补足语,Colour it,green,.,5/84,形容词在句子中位置几点说明,(1)作定语时放在名词,前面,且音节,少,词放在音节,多,词之,前,。如：,a,big yellow wooden,wheel,(一个黄色大木轮),(2),后置,情况：,修饰复合,不定代词,时放在代词之,后,。如：,Something,serious,has happened to him,.(他发生了严重事故),与表示“,长、宽、高、重、老、远离,”词连用时形容词后置。如：,Hes 1.8 metres,tall,.(他身高1.8米。),The moon is about 380,000 kilometres,away,from the earth,.(月球离地38万公里,),6/84,Lets fill in the blanks,形容词的比较级和最高级构成,规则变化,不规则变化,7/84,词 尾 变 化,原级,比较级,最高级,单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾词加-r或-st,tall hard large wide,以重读闭音节结尾词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或est,big hot thin fat wet,以辅音字母+y结尾词变为i再加-er,或-est,happy dry early,narrow clever,多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most,difficult popular,slowly,taller harder larger wider,tallest hardest largest widest,bigger hotter fatter wetter,biggest hottest fattest wettest,happier drier earlier,happiest driest earliest,narrower cleverer,narrowest cleverest,more difficult more popular,more slowly,most difficult most popular,most slowly,少数以-er,-ow结尾双音节词可加-er或-est,规则变化,8/84,原级,good,well,bad,ill,many,much,little,far,old,比较级,最高级,better,best,worse,worst,less,more,most,farther/further,older/elder,least,farthest/furthest,oldest/eldest,不规则变化,巧记：,特殊形式比较级,共有三对二合一,坏病两多并两好,little意思不是小,一分为二有两个,一是老来二是远,9/84,用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子词，,用来说明事情发生时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度词,e.g.,什么叫副词?,very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.,10/84,时 间 副 词,频度副词,地点/方位副词,程度副词,方式副词,疑问/连接副词,其它副词,today,tomorrow,once,here,there,very,too,well,how,too,also,yesterday,now,twice,home,below,enough,hard,where,nor,so,then,early,late,always,anywhere,rather,quite,alone,when,as,on,off,once,soon,just,usually,above,outside,how,so,fast,why,either,tonight,long,often,in,inside,out,much,just,together,whether,yes,no,already,yet,before,sometimes,back,up,down,nearly,only,suddenly,however,etc.,not,neither,ago,later,ever since,never,away,off,far,almost,hardly,-ly,结尾,关系副词,maybe,after,whenever,(seldom),near,nearby,as long as,等,副词,where,perhaps,first,someday,ever,wherever,even,all,why,how,certainly,sometime,last,everywhere,a little,a bit,when,几类副词,11/84,用 法,例 句,作表语,My mother is,out,.,作定语,The girl,there,is my friend.,作状语,He runs,fast,.,作宾补,I found him,outside,.,副词的用法,12/84,副词作状语_解释1,时间副词,：普通放在句首或句尾,注意：,early、late、before、later、yet,等普通放在句尾,already,、,just,普通放在动词前面。,如：,We will visit the Great Wall,tomorrow,.,(我们明天要去参观长城),They have,already,been to the UK twice.,(他们去过英王国两次),Soon,the lost boy found his way back home,.(很快迷路孩子找到了回家路),13/84,副词作状语_解释2,频度副词,：普通放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但,sometimes、often,等还能够放在句首或句尾,usually,可放在句首,once,可放在句尾,twice、three times,等普通放在句尾。,如：,Sometimes,I get up early.,(我有时起得早),The workers,usually,have lunch at the factory.,(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭),Take this medicine,twice,a day,.(这种药一天吃两次),14/84,副词作状语_解释3,方式副词,：普通放在行为动之后,suddenly,能够放在句首、句尾或动词之前。,如：,Old people can hardly walk as,quickly,as young people.,(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快),Suddenly,he saw a light in the dark cave,(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光),15/84,副词作状语_解释4,地点副词,：普通放在句尾,但,here、there,还可放在句首。,如：,There,you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).,(在那里,你能够看到成千上万自行车朝各个方向流动),The frightened wolf ran,away,.,(受到惊吓狼逃开了),He walked,out,quietly and turned,back,soon,.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回),16/84,副词作状语_解释5,程度副词,：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough,总是放在被修饰形容词或动词后面；,only,位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰词前面。,如：,I,nearly,forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.,(假如他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了),It was,so,strange that I could,hardly,believe my ears.,(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我耳朵),She got to the station early,enough,to catch the first bus,.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车),17/84,副词作状语_解释6,疑问副词,：用于对句子状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。,如：,When and where,were you born?,(你何时何地出生？),Why,did little Edison sit on some eggs?,(小爱迪生为何要坐在鸡蛋上？),How,do you do?,(你好！),18/84,副词作状语_解释7,连接副词,：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。,How I am going to kill the cat,is still a question.,(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题),That is,why everyone is afraid of the tiger,.,(那就是人人都害怕老虎原因),He wondered,how he could do it the next day,.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事),19/84,副词作状语_解释8,关系副词,：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。,如：,This is the place,where Mr Zhang once lived,.,(这就是张先生曾经住过地方),Please tell me the way,how you have learned English so well,.(请告诉我你英语是怎样学得这么好方法),20/84,副词作状语_解释9,其它副词,：,too,“也”,用在句尾；,also,放在动词前；,either,“也不”,放在句尾；,nor,“也不”,放在句首；,so,“如此,这么”,放在形容词、副词前；,on/off,“开/关”放在动词之后；,not,放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；,maybe/perhaps,放在句首；,certainly,放在句首或动词之前。,如：,He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too,.,(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了),Maybe,your ticket is in your inside pocket.,(可能你票就在你里边衣袋里),-Tom doesnt have a computer.,Nor,do I.,(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。),21/84,副词作表语,作表语：,地点副词普通能够作表语,放在,be,等连系动词之后,说明人物所处位置,如：,Im very sorry he isnt,in,at the moment.,(很抱歉,他此刻不在家),I have been,away,from my hometown for nearly 20 years.,(我离开故乡有快要20年了),Jim is over,there,.,(吉姆就在那边),22/84,副词作定语,作定语：,时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都能够作名词定语,放在名词后面。,如：,People now,often have their festival dinners at restaurants.,(现在人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴),Women there,were living a terrible life in the 1920s,.(在二十世纪20年代那儿女人过着可怕日子),23/84,副词作宾语补足语,作宾语补足语：地点副词普通能够作宾语补足语。,如：,Put your dirty socks,away,Jim!They are giving out bad smell!,(吉姆,把你脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。),Father kept him,in,and doing his lessons,.(父亲把他关在家里做作业),24/84,副词比较级和最高级组成和形容词比较级和最高级组成基本相同,.e.g.,形容记最高级前要用定冠词the,副词最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.,Attentions（注意）,Mount Qomolangma is,the highest,in the world.,Jim jumped,(the)highest,of the all.,fast-faster-fastest,slowly-more slowly most slowly,25/84,形容词/副词原级的常用句型,He is very,old,now.,The weather looks rather,bad,.,They ran quite,fast,.,主语(sb./sth)+谓语动词+(very/too/so/quite/rather)+形容词/副词原级+.,I am so,happy,!,26/84,形容词/副词原级的常用句型,Tom is as,tall,as Mike.,as+形容词原形+as,There are as,many students,in our school as yours.,Tom is three times as,old,as Mike.,Lily rode her bike as,slowly,as an old lady.,27/84,否定 not as+形容词原形+as,“和 不一样”,或 not so+形容词原形+as,“不及不如,Tom is not as,tall,as Mike.,Tom is not so,tall,as Mike.,28/84,This truck is,big enough to,carry 5 tons.,so+,形容词原级,+that丛句,such+,名词,that丛句,He is,so,big,that,he cant enter the room bythe door.,too+,原级,+to do sth.,He is,too,young,to,join the army.,形容词原级,+enough to do sth.,29/84,(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,This bridge is,longer than,that one.,Our school is,larger than,theirs.,A modern train is,much faster,than a car.,This book didnt cost me,more,than that one.,30/84,less+(多音节形/副)比较级,+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,Do you think it,less important,to learn,a foreign language?,I think English is,less difficult,than maths.,31/84,表示二者之间选择，可使用,“Which is,+比较级，,or?”,表示不及另一方时，使用“,less,+原级+,than,”,Which is,longer,this one,or,that?,This park is,less,beautiful,than,that one.,32/84,“The+比较级，the+比较级”,“比较级+and+比较级”,The,smaller,the house is,the less,it will cost us the heat.,In spring,the days are getting,longer and longer,.,33/84,one of the+最高级+名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,最高级+of(in),This is/was the最高级+名词+that定语从句,Lu Xun is,one of,the,greatest writers last century.,This is the worst,film,that,I have seen these years.,Of all,the movie stars,I think Zhang Ziyi is,the best,.,34/84,形容词主要注释,whole,与,all,：,记住两个词序：,the whole,+名词；,all(of)the,+名词。,如：,He was busy,the whole,morning,.,(整个早晨他都很忙),He can remember,all the words,he learns,.(他能记住学过全部单词),35/84,形容词主要注释,tall,与,high,short,与,low,：,指人个子时用,tall,与,short,；,指其它事物时普通用,high,与,low,。,如：,Hes very,tall/short,.,(他个子高/矮),Tall,trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.,(大道两侧有高大树木),A few people live on,high,mountains,.(少许人住在高山上),36/84,形容词主要注释,real,与,true,：,real,普通指东西真假,译为“真”；,而,true,则指事情或消息可靠性,译为“真实”。,如：,This is a,real,diamond(钻石)and its very expensive.,(这是货真价实钻石,非常贵),-Is that,true,?Yes.I heard it with my own ears,.(那真实吗？是,我亲耳所听),37/84,形容词主要注释,interested,与,interesting,区分：,interesting,指人或东西“有趣”,作定语或表语,而,interested,则表示人对别事物“感兴趣”,只能作表语。,如：,The man is very,interesting,and all the children like him.,(这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他),This book is,interesting,and you can really enjoy yourself.,(这本书很有趣,你会真正取得享受),I am,interested,in science,.(我对自然科学感兴趣),38/84,形容词主要注释,such,使用方法：,such+a,(,n,)+名词(单数)(+,that,从句)。,如：,I have never seen,such a,foolish,(愚蠢),boy.,(我从来没有见过这么蠢男孩),He had,such a,terrible,accident,that,he could never forget it,.(他遭遇了这么可怕事故,他永远也不会忘记),39/84,形容词主要注释,good,与,well,：,表示“好”时,作定语或表语用,good,作状语用,well,；表示“(身体)好”时用,well,.,如：,Doing sports is,good,for us.,(进行运动对我们有益),Study,well,and make progress every day.,(好好学习,天天向上),-How are you?I am very,well.,(你好吗？我很好。),40/84,形容词主要注释,nice,与,fine,：区分：,nice,表示令人愉快,能够指东西、人物外表等；,fine,普通指身体或天气好。,如：,Lets go and share,(分享),the,nice,cake.,(我们去分享那块美味蛋糕吧),She is a,nice,girl.,(他是个漂亮姑娘),What a,fine,day!,(多好天气！),Hes,fine,recently,(最近),.,(最近他身体不错),41/84,形容词主要注释,too much,与,much too,：,too much,表示“太多”,修饰事物数量；,much too,表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。,如：,I am full because I have had,too much,rice.,(我饱了,因为我吃了太多米饭),That coat is,much too,dear,.(那件大衣太贵了),42/84,形容词主要注释,quick、fast,与,soon,：,quick,与,fast,基本同义,quick,往往指反应速度快,fast,往往指运动速度快,而,soon,则表示时间上很快即将发生。,如：,After a,quick,breakfast,he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.,(急忙地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家),A train is much,fast,er than a bus.,(火车比公共汽车快得多),His father will be back to China very,soon,.(他父亲很快就要返回中国),43/84,形容词主要注释,lonely,与,alone,：,lonely,是表示心理活动形容词,意思是：“孤独,寂寞”,作定语或表语；,alone,意思是：“独自,单独”,指无人陪同,仅作表语,(作为副词,alone,可作状语)。,如：,He lives,alone,but he doesnt feel,lonely,.,(他一人独住,不过并不感到孤独),He is a,lonely,person.You can not easily get on well with him,.(他是个孤独人,你要和他相处好实在不易),44/84,形容词主要注释,other,与,else,区分：两个词都能够作形容词,不过使用方法不一样,other,放在,名词,前；,else,修饰,不定代词、疑问词、,little,、,much,后置,另外,or else,表示“不然”,是连词。,如：,The,other,students,are on the playground.,(其它学生在操场上),Who,else,can work out this maths problem?,(还有谁能解出着道数学题？),This is,nobody,else,s money.Its mine.,(这不是别什么人钱,是我。),Do you have,anything,else,to say for yourself?,(你还有什么要为自己说吗？,45/84,形容词主要注释,special,与,especial,区分：,表示事件不一样寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可交换,但,special,较为惯用。,另外,special,还能够表示尤其目标。,如：,She pays,(e)special,attention to clothes.,(她非常重视着装),These are,special,chairs for small children.,(这些是专门给小孩子椅子),46/84,形容词主要注释,gone、lost、missing,区分：,gone,表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返意思,也能够表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不能够作定语；,lost,表示“丢失”,含难以找回意思,可作定语、表语或宾补；,missing,表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。,如：,My fever,(高烧),is,gone,but I still have a cough.,(发烧消退了,但我依然咳嗽),The parents found the,lost,child at last.,(家长终于找到了迷路孩子),My dictionary is,missing,.Whos taken it away?,(我字典不见了,谁拿走了？),For more detailed information,(详情),of the,missing,girls,please visit our website,(网址).(假如想知道失踪女孩们详情,请访问我们网站),47/84,形容词主要注释,living、alive、live、lively,区分：四个词都起源于动词,live,“生活、居住”。,living,读liviN有三个意思：“活着、现存”,作表语或定语,“一模一样、逼真”,相当于,lively,意思是“强烈、活泼”；,live,读laiv,指东西“活”,能够替换为,living,；,alive,读laiv作表语,指人“活着”,假如作定语,则放在名词后面；,lively,读laivli有三个意思：有生气、活泼、快活,(色彩)鲜艳,生动、真实。,比如：,A,living,language should be learned orally,(口头上).(活语言应该从口头上学)(被动句),We have a,living,hope that you will succeed.,(我们强烈地希望你能成功),Is she still,alive,?,(她还活着吗？),They are the happiest children,alive,.,(他们是活着最开心孩子),This is a,live,fish.,(这是条活鱼),A,live,wire,(电线),is dangerous.,(有电电线是危险),She is as,lively,as a kitten,(小猫),.,(她像小猫一样可爱),He gave a,lively,description of the football match.,(他生动地描述了那场足球赛),48/84,形容词主要注释,sick,与,ill,区分：,sick,和,ill,都表示“生病”,不过,sick,能够做定语、表语,而,ill,只能做表语。,如：,He has been,ill/sick,for a long time and he is very weak now.,(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱),Vets help treat,sick,pets and most of the pets owners like them.,(兽医帮助诊治患病宠物,很受宠物主人们喜爱),49/84,形容词主要注释,the poor,(穷人们)/,the rich,(富人们)等使用方法：,“,the,+形容词”这一结构能够表示一类人物,复数含义。,如：,We must try our best to help,the poor,.,(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们),The rich,never know how,the poor,are living,.(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子),50/84,副词主要注释,asas,常组成一些词组：,as soon as,(一旦就),as well as,(一样),as,+形容词/副词+,as possible,(尽可能地)。,如：,Please ring me up,as soon as,you get to Beijing.,(请你一到北京就给我写信。),Miss Gao hurried to the school gate,as quickly as,possible.,(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。),注释,“,as long/much as,+名词”能够表示“长达/多达”含义。,如：,The house costs,as much as five hundred thousand yuan,.,(那幢房子花费,高达50万元,。),They stayed in the cave,(山洞),as long as two weeks,.(他们呆在山洞里,长达两周,。),51/84,副词主要注释,later、after、ago、before,使用方法：,“一段时间+,later/ago,”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。,“,after/before,+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。,ago,与,before,：,ago,只能用于过去时,before,用于完成时。,如：,He had an accident a week,ago,.,(一周前出了一个事故),Some years,later,the boy became a very famous singer.,(多年后这个男孩成了著名歌唱家),Have you been there,before,?,(你从前到过那儿吗？),After,a few years he gave up smoking.,(过了几年他戒了烟。),52/84,副词主要注释,above、below、over、under,使用方法：,在上下方用,above,和,below,在高低处用,over,和,under,.,如：,The stars are high,above,in the sky.,(星星高挂在空中),A plane flew,over,quickly,.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。),【注释】当,above、below、over、under,是介词性质时,意义相同。,53/84,副词主要注释,too、also、either、nor,使用方法：,too,(“也”)用于必定句和疑问句末尾,且用逗号隔开；,also,(“也”)用于必定句句子谓语动词之前；,either,(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；,nor,(“也不”)用于倒装句句首；,如：,Are you American,too,?,(你也是美国人吗？),He is not happy and I am not happy,either,.,(他不愉快,我也不。),He didnt watch the football game.,Nor,did I.,(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。),You can,also,find the market is very good,.(你还能够发觉那个市场很好。),54/84,副词主要注释,enough、too、so、very、quite、very much,使用方法：,enough,(“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；,too,(“太”)、,very,(“非常”)、,quite,(“相当”)、,so,(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much,(“非常”)放在动词之后。,如：,Its,too/so/very/quite,expensive.,(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。),I dont like sweets,very much.,(我不很喜欢糖果),注意,very,与,much,区分：,very,修饰形容词、副词原级和现在分词形容词,much,修饰形容词和副词比较级；,much,还能够修饰疑问句和否定句中动词,very,不能够。,如：,He is,very,stupid.,(他很笨),The film was,very,moving and everyone swept.,(电影非常感人,大家都哭了),You must work,much,harder or you will fail to enter the good school.,(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校),I dont like him,much,.(我不太喜欢他),55/84,副词主要注释,sometimes、sometime、some times、some time,使用方法：,sometimes,(有时)用于普通现在时,sometime,(在未来某时)用于未来时,some times,(数次)表示次数,some time,(一些时间)表示一段时间。,如：,Sometimes,they go hiking in the mountains.,(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去),I will stay here,some time,.,(我会在这儿呆些时候。),I will meet your father,sometime.,(我什么时候要见见你父亲。),56/84,副词主要注释,how、what,用于感叹句使用方法：,对句子中形容词或副词感叹时用,how,对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用,what.,如：,What a fine day(it is)today!,(今天天气真好！),How difficult(the problem is),!(问题)真难呀！),57/84,副词主要注释,already、yet,使用方法：,在完成时中,already,普通用于必定句,yet,普通用于否定句和疑问句。,如：,Have you done it,already,?,(你已经做好了？),I have not had my breakfast,yet.,(我还没有吃早饭呢。),58/84,副词主要注释,hard,与,hardly,使用方法：,hard,作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly,是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,普通与情态动词,can/could,连用。,如：,They study English,very hard,.,(他们英语学得很刻苦),You can,hardly,see a person spit in a public place.,(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰),59/84,副词主要注释,like.very much、like.better(=prefer)、like.best,使用方法：,三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢”。,如：,I like baseball,very much,.,(我非常喜欢棒球),Do yo
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