NGS高通量测序公司实验组(内部培训教材).ppt

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,NGS,实验部培训,1,锐翌生物科技,陈璟,2025/4/28 周一,1,未来的设想,-,便携式测序,+,快速分析（百度筷）,2,硬件的发展,3,1911-1946,电子管,1890,前 机械,1947-1958,晶体管,1959-1970,集成电路,1971-1979,微处理器,1980-,至今,现代,PC,IT and BT,4,IT and BT,1981,1985,至今,5,一个例子,6,测序技术的发展,7,1975-Southern DNA,杂交技术,1977-Sanger,双脱氧链终止法测序技术,Maxam,、,Gilbert,s,化学法,DNA,测序技术,1980-,自动化原位寡核苷酸合成仪,1985-Cetus,公司的,Mullis,发明,PCR,技术,1992-Affymetrix,公司（,Fodor,的集团）的基因芯片,1995-ABI,公司第一代全自动测序仪,2006-,第二代,DNA,测序仪上市,2007-,单分子测序技术,（,Single molecule sequencing techniques,）,8,ABI-377,一代测序仪,9,二代测序仪,10,三代测序仪,11,12,13,Other Technology,14,15,.,Cells gently lysed to extract long genomic DNA molecules(150 kb)pieces of microbial chromosomes,DNA captured in parallel arrays,of single DNA molecules,using microfluidic device,Digestion reveals restriction cleavage sites as“gaps”,under fluorescent microscopy,after staining with intercalating dye,16,目前的技术主流,17,目前主流测序平台,-,二代,illumina,18,19,20,21,PE 101+8+101,22,Illumina,技术的主要错误,-,测序原理,23,Illumina,技术的主要错误,-,建库过程,24,25,No.ofNo.Amplicon CyclesCopies of Target,12,24,38,416,532,664,201,048,576,301,073,741,824,1,cycle=2 Amplicon,2,cycle=4 Amplicon,3,cycle=8 Amplicon,4,cycle=16 Amplicon,5,cycle=32 Amplicon,6,cycle=64 Amplicon,7,cycle=128 Amplicon,26,27,Illumina,技术的主要错误,-,机器误差,28,29,30,Illumina,技术数据的格式,31,Illumina,技术数据的质量控制,32,33,34,35,36,1.,读长,2.,插入片段,数据产品的主要属性,37,38,39,40,41,信息分析与技术应用,42,孤儿基因簇,-,药物筛选,43,RNA,结构,-,基因功能,44,GWAS,分析,-,基因功能预测及动植物育种,45,微生物群落分析,-,医学应用,46,47,48,ctDNA,检测,-,无创产前,49,50,Thanks,51,