直接引语变间接引语课件幻灯片.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,直接引语变间接引语,1,直接引语：,Mr.Black said,“Im busy.”,间接引语,:Mr.Black said that he was busy.,Direct speech and Indirect speech,直接引语和间接引语,直接引述别人的原话叫,直接引语。,(,直接引语一般前后要加引号,),用自己的话转述别人的话叫,间接引语,.(,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。间接引语不用引号,),。,直接引语变间接引语，即变为宾语从句,(,宾语从句必须用陈述语序,),主要需要注意以下四点：,1.,人称的变化。,2.,引导词的变化。,3.,时态的变化,。,4.,状语的,变化,。,2,1.,人称变化,(,一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”,),1).“,一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：,.They said,“We will go there by bus.”,They said they would go there by bus.,.She said“My sister wants to go with me.”,She said(that)her sister wanted to go with her.,3,.She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”,She asked me if I was interested in science.,.He said to Kate.How is your sister now?,He asked Kate how her sister was then.,2).“,二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语,是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。,4,.His mother said to me,“He cant go to school.”,His mother told me that he couldnt go to school.,.Mr Smith said,Jacks brother is a good worker.,Mr Smith said Jacks brother was a good worker.,3).“,第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语,及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称一般不需要变化。,5,1),.,陈述句的间接引语,连接词用,that,在,口语中可省略。引述动词用,said,told,等。,例如：,He said:“Ive left my book in my room.”,He told me that he had left his book,in his room.,2.,引导词的变化,6,2).,疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接,词用,if,或,whether,，而引述选择疑问句时,只能用,whether,，引述动词用,asked,，没,有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语,me,him,等。例如：,She said to Tom,“Can you help me?”,She asked Tom if/whether he could,help her.,7,3),.,特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如：,The teacher asked me how I had,repaired it.,The teacher asked,“How did you repair it?”,8,3.,时态的变化,：,直接引语 间接引语,一般,现在时,一般将来时,现在进行时,一般过去时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成时,过去完成时,9,.,一般现在时变一般过去时：,The girl said,“Im sorry for being late for class.”,The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.,.,一般过去时变过去完成时：,He said to me,“I,met,your father.”,He told me that he,had met,my father.,.,一般将来时变过去将来时：,She said,“He will go to see his friend.”,She said he would go to see his friend.,10,.,现在完成时变过去完成时：,She said.“I have lost a pen.”,She said that she had lost a pen,.,现在进行时变过去进行时：,She said to me,“Im studying Japanese these days.”,She told me that she was studying Japanese those days.,11,1.He said:“Ive left my pen in my,room.”,He told me that he had left his,book in his room.,She said that he would be busy.,2.She said:“He will be busy.”,把下列直接引语改为间接引语,12,注 意：,但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。,13,(1),直接引语是客观真理。,“,The earth moves around the sun and,the moon moves around the earth,”,the,teacher told me.,The teacher told me,the earth moves,around the sun and the moon moves,around the earth.,14,(2),直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时,时态不变。,Xiao Wang said.,“I was born on April 2l,1980.”,Xiao Wang said,he was born on April 20,1980.,15,(3),直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变。,The boy said to us,“I usually get,up at six every day.”,The boy told us,he usually gets up at six every day.,16,(4).,若直接引语中含有,when,since,while,等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时,从句时态不变。如：,She said,“I,went there,when,I,was,six years old.”,She said she had gone there,when,she,was,six years old.,17,(5).,若直接引语的谓语中含有情态动词没有过去时的形式（,ought to,had better,used to),或已经是过去时的形式时,(could,should,would,might),：等动词时。,She said,“We,should,help each other.”,She said we,should,help each other.,Peter said.“You,had better,come have today.”,Peter said I,had better,go there that day.,He said,“I,could swim,when I was only six.”,He said that he,could swim,when he was only six.,18,6.,过去完成时：,She said,“They,had left,when I arrived there.”,She said they,had left,when she arrived there.,7.,过去进行时：,Jack said,“John,where,were you going,when I met you in the street?”,Jack asked John where he,was going,when he met him in the street.,8.,一般现在时,(,为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时,),My teacher said,“Tom is a good student.”,My teacher said Tom is a good student.,He said,“I,m,a boy,not a girl.”,He said that he,is,a boy,not a girl.,19,主句时态,(,引号外句子,),9.,一般现在时。,He,says,“I,have finished,my homework.”,He says that he,has finished,his homework.,10.,一般将来时。,She,will say,“I,ll do,it tomorrow.”,She will say that she,ll do,it the next day.,20,5.,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语的变化,直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在,规律,，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例,:now,变为,then,yesterday,变为,the day before,today,变为,that day,。,地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”,21,直接引语,间接引语,指示,代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,22,1.Mr.Wood said,“,We have an exam every week.,”,2.I said to her,“,I want to be a teacher some day.,”,3.The patient asked,“,What medicine should I take?,”,4.The teacher asked,“,Whose books are these?,”,Mr.Wood said that they had an exam every week.,I told her that I wanted to be a teacher some day.,The patient asked what medicine he should take.,The teacher asked whose books those were.,23,注：,(1),如果在当天转述,today,yesterday,tomorrow,等时间状语也不必改变。,(2),如果在当地转述，,here,不必改为,there,，动词,come,不必改为,go.,24,5.,“,I am very happy to visit your factory.,”,he said.,6.She said,“,I don,t want to listen to the music now.,”,7.,“,There is something wrong with this computer,said,the girl.,8.,“,I don,t know where the factory is.,”,said the woman.,He told me that he was very happy to visit my factory.,She said that she didn,t want to listen to the music then,The girl said that there was something wrong with that computer.,The woman said that she didn,t know where the factory was.,25,9.,“,I will be here tonight.,”,said Li Hua.,10.,“,I am leaving next week.,”,my sister said to me.,11.They said,”,We,ll have a match tomorrow afternoon.,”,12.,”,I won,t go to your party tomorrow,”,Mary told me.,Li Hua said that he would be there that night.,My sister told me that she was leaving the next week.,They said that they would have a match the next afternoon.,Mary told me that he wouldn,t go to my party the next day.,26,改错,1.John said that he is going to London with his father.,2.He told me that he has taught English since he came here.,3.The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to his pronunciation.,4.He said these books were his.,5.She said that she would go this evening,6.He said that he was washing his clothes now.,7.She told me that she was studying Japanese these days.,is-was,has-had,his-my,these-those,this-that,now-then,these-those,27,祈使句的间接引语,采用,“动词,+,宾语,+,不定式”结构。,told/asked/orderedsb.(not)to do sth.,祈使句的直接引语和间接引语,如果祈使句是表示,请求,，间接引语的动词常用,ask,，如果是表示,命令,，间接引语的动词常用,tell,order,command,等。,28,The teacher said to her mother,“Please give me the book.”,The teacher,asked,her mother,to,give her the book.,The teacher said to her mother,“Dont give me the book.”The teacher,told,her mother,not to,give her the book.,29,直接引语,(,变化前,间接引语,(,变化后,),祈使句,The officer said to him,“Dont leave your post.”,不定式,The officer ordered him,not to leave,his post.,30,例,如：,He said,Let,s go to the film.,He,suggested,going to the film.,或,He,suggested,that they should go to,see the film.,直接引语如果是以“,Lets”,开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用,“,suggest+,动名词（或从句）。”,31,直接引语,(,变化前,),间接引语,(,变化后,),Lets,开头的祈使句,I said to him,“Lets start at once.”,that,引导的宾语从句,I,suggested,that we(should)start at once.,32,直接引语,(,变化前,),间接引语,(,变化后,),感叹句,He said:“How happy I am!”,that/what/how,引导的宾语从句,He said that he,was,very happy.,He said how happy he,was,.,33,1.“Please close the window,”he said,to me.He _ me _ the window.,A.said to;to close,B.told to;closing,C.asked;to close,D.said to;please close,练一练,34,2.He said,“Dont do that again.”,He _ me _ that again.,A.said to me;not to do,B.said to me;dont do,C.told me;dont do,D.told me;not to do,35,3.“Dont put it on my hat.”his wife,said to him.,His wife told him _put it on _hat.,A.dont,his,B.dont,her,C.not to,his,D.not to,her,36,4.Rose asked Tom,“Did you see my purse?”,Rose asked Tom _.,A.whether that he had seen her purse,B.whether he had seen her purse,C.that whether he had seen her purse,D.that if he has seen her purse,37,5.He asked me _ with me.,A.what the matter is,B.what the mater wasC.whats the matter,D.what was the matter,解析,:,如果直接引语是“,Whats the matter?”“Whats wrong?”“Whats the trouble?”,变间接引语时语序不变。,38,6.He asked,“Are you a Party member,or a League member?”,He asked me _.,A.am I a Party member or a League member,B.was I a Party member or a League member,C.if I was a Party member or a League memberD.whether was I a Party member or a League member,解析,:,选择疑问句要变成,whether,或,if,引导的宾语从句,39,7.“Youve already got well,havent,you?”she asked.,She asked _.,A.if I have already got well,hadnt you B.whether I had already got well C.have I already got well,D.had I already got well.,解析,:,反意疑问句要变成,whether,或,if,引导的宾语从句,.,40,8.He asked _ for the computer.,A.did I pay how much,B.I paid how much,C.how much did I pay,D.how much I paid,41,9.The boy said,“May I go along with,you?”,The boy asked me _.,A.if I might go along with you,B.if he might go along with you,C.if he might go along with me,D.if he might go along with the boy,42,10.He said,“Mother,the boy is very,naughty.”,He _ very naughty,.,A.said his mother that the boy was,B.said to his mother that the boy is,C.told his mother that the boy was,D.spoke to his mother that the boy was,43,练一练,1.She said,“I often go to the beach on Sunday.”,She said _ _ _ _ to the beach,2.He said to me,“Are you learning dancing?”,He _ me _ _ _ learning dancing.,3.Mr Zhang said,“Light travels faster than sound.”,Mr Zhang said _ light _ faster than sound.,4.“Where does Linda come from?”she asked.,She asked _ _ _ from.,5.Our teacher said to us,“Come to school early.”,Our teacher _ us _ _ to school early.,that she often went,asked if I was,that travels,where Linda came,told to come,44,练一练,6.Does Mr.Brown enjoy living in China?Could you tell us?,Could you tell us _ Mr.Brown _ living in China?7.Does the girl need any help?”he asked me.,He asked me _ the girl _ some help,8.When does the train leave?I want to know.,I want to know _ the train _.,9.Did Peter come here yesterday?Li Lei wants to know.,Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday,.,10.How does he get on with his new classmates?Could you tell me?,Could you tell me how _ _ on with _ new classmates?,if enjoys,if needed,when leaves,if came,he gets his,45,相信你能行,1.The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.,2.The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.,A.had B.has.C.will have D.are,3.She asked Linda if_ go and get some.,A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may,4.Can you tell me_ you were born,Betty?,A.who B.what C.when D.that,5.Please tell me _ last year.,A.where does your sister work B.where did your sister work,C where your sister works D.where your sister worked,6.He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening.,A.what B.if C.that D.how,7.He asked me _told me the accident.,A whom B which C who D whose,A.took,B.take,C.takes,D.will take,A,C,B,C,D,C,C,46,自我测试,1.I dont know _ the day after tomorrow.,A.when does he come B.how will he come,C.whether hell come D.if he comes 2.Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is?,A.what B.how C.whether D.where,3.Tom asked my friend _.,A.where was he from B.that the earth is bigger than the moon,C.when did he come back D.not to be so angry,4.Let me tell you _.,A.how much is the car B.how much does the car cost,C.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spent on the car,5.Did you know _?,A.who he was looking after B.who was he looking for,C.who he is looking for D.who he is looking after,C,D,D,D,A,47,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be),The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go),Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.,I hear they _(return)it yesterday.,He said that they _TV at nine last night.(watch),He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do),The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel),I think you _ about YaoMing now.(talk),I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be),will be,goes,were playing,returned,was watching,travels,are talking,were,were doing,48,10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.,(write),11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move),round the earth.,12.Could you tell me who _ away the book,last night?(take),13.Ling Feng told me he _ to London last year.(go),14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the,east.(rise),15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,took,went,rises,did,49,将下列句子合并为一句,:,1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.,2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?,3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.,4.,“,I am doing my homework.,”,He said.,5.,“,I will come back.,”,Tom said.,6.,“,Is he doing his homework?,”,Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,50,7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.,8.“How can I get to the station?”,Could you tell me?,9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?,10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,51,homework,直接引语变间接引语练习,1He said:“Ive left my book in my room.”,2She said to Tom,“Can you help me?”,3She asked,“Is this book yours or his?”,4The teacher asked,“how did you repair it?”,5The mother said,“Tom,get up early,please.”,6My father said,“Practice makes perfect.”,7The boy said to us,“I usually get up at six every day.”,8She said,“I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.,9Mr.Green said to them,“Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”,52,10She said,“He demanded that the girl leave at once.”,11She said to us,“Ill come here tomorrow.”,12“Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?”the young man asked.,13“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me.,14“What did you do here yesterday?”the old man asked my brother.,53,答案：,1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.,2 She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.,3 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.,4 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.,7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.,6 My father said practice makes perfect.,7The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.,8 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.,9 Mr.Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.,10She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.,54,11She told us she would come here tomorrow,12The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.,13 Mary asked me if/whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.,14The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.,55,