国家开放大学电大专科《英语阅读(3)》2026-2027期末试题及答案(试卷号：2157).docx

国家开放大学电大专科《英语阅读(3)》2026-2027期末试题及答案(试卷号：2157)
Part 1
Raid Pasmikc i and decide lhe meaning of the following words with lhe help of the contcxt> The pamgraph in which the word appears h indicateti in brucket). Write A t B. or C on your answer sheet. (20 poinut 3 points oich)
P心呷1
Communication and Gcndvr in Business
1 According to popular ?Xrnerican linguist. Drbornh Tfinncne communication habits *ary depending on individual prrA()n«lityf culture, nnd ^mong other(Hrtors. gender Since male ways of commururMiing nrc standard in business* women way6 of talking nre oilen ignored or misunderstexx) in lhe workplace. Trtnnrn emphasizes that female and male styles arc >H)lh valid. Here Are wme of l annerr* rnnin pointy
2 ConversaUGnal styles in boys and girls show up «>rly. Evttn 5-year old boys care about their rank in the groups while 5-yrar-old girls care more about being in or out uf the group. rhrrr{orc> men 1 s conversational Myles often use competition• while women try to keep the nppeurance ul equality.
3 Women fentl to apoiogit<- marr than men. as an attempt to restore the power bnhncr in con versa! ioru When men 'imply accept the apology rather than part nl the rmpcrxibilHy. women (cd unjuMiy blamed^
-I Western women favor indirect ways of speaking, which is interpreted by Western rneri 115 showing tnsreurity nnd lack of curdidrnc仁 However, this gender dtfffcrrncr a ruliura! chlfcrcncc! Jnpnnese business culture demnnds indircctnesst and the direct ^pproarh
■
used hy Wcxtcm bubinessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese
5 In biainrsst women arr often bhmed if they Mtalk like a wonunM <5(Jt • indirecte catnious) • hut arc aJ»o blamed if they “talk like a mnnw (bo5§y・ ugsressive).
6 W< hnvc strung negative imagcM uf women in authority： Wicked Witch a nd Mother# 的 women lx?s<e> Are judged not ns bosses but as women.
Gender diHcrcnccs show most strongly not in ind)v)dunis bur in group ^ettingXe hi a Rroup of men arid womens women tend to become silent hy>tjimivrs< while men are activr piirticipantM.
8 Males and females in WcHtrrn culture Hpcjik different body lBngungc?t. Mrn oflrn spread out their limbsf taking up h lot of space> gesture widely t spriek in laud tones • and engnge in direct eye contact. These behaviors communicxifc power and high *tntuht Women hold in their limbn. tnkc up little »pace. mnkr Hmall Krsturest Mpeak in soft mm. rmd lower their eyes frcqurntly. These behaviors givr rtwny power and rtnnouncr low •tnius.
9 Males interrupt (emnle* much more thnn they intcrrupl wthrr mnlrAt and more often
than fernnkn Interrupt rithrr mntm nr knHiIr^
10 Rrjicnrch ha* shew口 that there i* nnthing *nnturftlM nlvout nul» ar Ivrivdr
but that chw Krndrr hnbitft "imply »how the jumenyped role in whii h suc iciy pin^ mm nml
women.
Quc«llon!i I—10 arc bawl on PassARc I.
I. vury (pnrAKtAph 1)
art different
<\ «rr universal
2. vnlid (parnKrnpH 1)
At ncreptAblr
(oolinh
C. different
3. nhow up (pnrAgraph 2)
A> chnngc
/ire thr MEe
t\ nppr/ir
1. restore (putAgrAph 3)
A. ovrrpowrr
rrvetige
(：. bring bnck to thr uriKHinl point tun
汉 unjustly (ptiragriiph 3)
A. unfairly
imkno^nly
(：. umqurly
Be niferprrtrd (pnrAgraph I)
A. trAinhltil
utwIrr-tUKxi
(・ repentrd
L WRrEivf (pmmph 5)
A> unwillinx to ■.rec with at hem
( ready tu Mtuck othrni
& byniandcrn (paragraph 7)
A. outsiders
C. pArncipnnts
9. limbs (paragraph 8)
A. in心 And I*，
C. idcMB
10. Interrupt (paragraph 9)
A. pu*h
t\ cut into ihr convrration
11 rawy to get aIofik with
B- onlookerB(*U#)
B. ncwspftpern
B. npoloxixe to

Kr»d 2 and ch<K»sc either A. B or C to complete cacti of the following Matenients. WriU
At B or C on your answer sheet. (30 points. 3 points CMh)
Passage 2
Translating Fashion
1 h'、、cv<・n oe clock in thr morning and Natassia Antipova • a brsautiful RuHsinn
financial conynltnntr is geneng up in the Moseow aparlmcnt where she lives alone ond nsktng hcr^cli: "What nh^ll I wr«r “xhy?” A decade Ago her choicer were nimplrr. Then, there was one kind of mascara> one color rye 而dow. Nowt Nafassia^s bathroom nltclve^ arr stocked with Avon> E^tee luiudef> find Nina Ried. Her clone!s contain Levis and Armanis* as well as locnl brand narncs> Her ftwareneRi ol whax makes a beautiful woman has been vastly exp^nded^ In Tokyo< on the »anir dny> M«ki Ko is doing a presentation (or her public rrliitian^ companye I ler tnm size 8 figure is zipped into an Italian suit. In her Enxbsh pntkrt bcHik Elixabcth Arden rosmetics *harc space with pruduct^ from Shi^irdot the Tokyob&5td beauty conipAny. 1>aM ywir Maki had Japan mo$T popular co^rnrtic Mirgrry proccdurce n rhtnopluty to make her button nose look more Western. The list goes on( The
Klobaliiation of (ttshiun x ont ol thr phrnornenn of our Urnc. n vn«t niiirkct (or iho<r compnnieji who nurnrhow h«vr ・ look ihnt irAn^Utrn warldwidc.
3 There •、nothing new> <4 courfir« riboui the proccsifl of InAhionwIik irniiniion^ In Rotnnn Britain proiipcroua riAtiveA wore togan> This (iiNhion rrmnmed populnr for ^on>r time. MLikcwi»c< nfrer ihr Nnrman mvnHion of Hntnin in 1()66# Frrnch *iylr^ brrwrnc chic. Thm kind <>( fashion trend hn» brrti hAppeniriK for centunrn. Hut what it new in the >hcrr and depth ol prnrtnition nl thm hIoIjaI (anhion*
3 (Joiuidrr Levi jcarts« 4i company with « brnml imprint cnrrieci hy 2. KOO retail rotnpnnirb in I)countnr^. Worldwide mI— (or 1996 were I IS $ 7. I billion^ Or E^tcc L/iU<lrr • which Hinde it went irttcrnAhnnAl in 11)6(). han pcnetrntetl 100 mArk<?ts find racked up •nlcs ol $ 3. 4 hilhon in )997 ()r tnkr Ch，nn. whose women wvrr forbidden 心 rrrrnlly 10 yeitrn nga to powdtir ihcir noww in recent yrarn. the (*9ihiori And coArnrlieii fnarkcl Im* rxpNndr<i by 20 In 30 prfCrnt >iniuiHlly» Buf i> thiM nil n |)lot hy «rrrdy <lesi|(nrr»« niAriu(Ar<urrrs and fanhion editom to clone ihr world into one image? Alison Lune< author of I hr l^hKU4Kr of Clofhc^e think!* not. Shr my、people nnd cultutrn thrm^rlvm tlrridr an whnt tw fashion fhcnc duys».
I ( )1 fat tnorr irnport/ince (o fnnhicn Trendnt according tn Marr Haurgrry< an ftdverURing conjiuh/inv. in the qupanon of how n country rntcrtninji itnvll. Hr givri chr rxnrnplr of Juparu m tDuntry thAt h，“ n lave nffuir wilh gulf und« marc recentlyt with Anirncan hituntion cornrdio. w!ttp«ncMC people now wnnT tn he drfincii hr witty • ^urccit^ful nnd Afflurntt und mi thut Mtylr hun brconir cocil and •ou/hl uftcr.
5 lknn«rry. who Tmvvh the world in or<lrr to mlvijir client* on which iningcn 5<?ll bci*f in which countries^ thinks that Rhhul (a*hio»» m nut oboui fhr Wc*t(lii:tnting to the Ear!, Ridhrri if I，About 口 new Feeling of intcrnAlianAlistn. "Armnni. for rx^rnplrt dc>r> not ^rt 01H to look n uthrtiticAlly Ilfllnitu any more than ( hnnel wnnts to look npccificrtlly French •M i)b%m flnurwuy. M IriNtcmL thrir (<x>tprint in n Icwik whi< h Myn e I rn elegntit> MiphisiticnTrdt nuccc^MfiiL 1 and ihnt trnntUnteii worldwide^ °
6 Whm it all mhk up tu in ， world of con^unirr dreihion rnnktr^ • a mix^iml-rnnrch world where ronnumcr* ofren inkr what ib b(mt from I heir own country and combine ih Worldwidr Mitvcyii ol hcniHy prrtriicr* conlinn thi% |>oint. RuMsinn women confide fhftt not nil o( rhtni nrc crazy abuut tin? ra w roArnrfic irnp<ir!s rnvironrncntally conBcioun tccnM twenty lhing>t w«rr mnd (or rhe nrwesif line ol Ru^iiin skin cnrc> CJrrrn Mnmu • mndr ex< Inmvrly from hrrbn nnd fniiin found in the Altat region of Sinrrin. H Benuiy*consdouB Syrum> rtlxo chim thni I heir traditional oils nnd uccntK ure (or them a treasure trove of Iwnuty »ct rrt>. In f hnr Dnina^K us luiibroornMt AlonK*iclr thr tuiHlrrn coamrtirnt Are pewtrr bowh winch to mix I Icnnn nnd hny leaf, honey ami ohvr nil noapM nr vials a I pcrfunied oih.
7 I hr cruel truth nlwHit whft! (ftRhianxible i» ihn1 n c/iii # t br rkuirly (icfinedt 1 oduy1» uinrrpt of Li、hk”B clrnw^ from n far widvr ethnic ntul nattonnl pool than ever hefarr. and it ** krowifiK day hy dny>
QurntlonM 11—2(> wre l»usc<l on I•虾mi欢 2・
I 1 I<u<%i«n women h/ivi fnnhion cIumcta coni|Kirr<J to a tlccnde ngoft
A. the RAmv B・ more
(*. fewer
12. Rhmoplu^irv is |x)glin nmonji women.
A. Jnpunenc R. Eurupran
(\ ?\(rkAh
IL Alter ihr N^rnum mvminn <j( Itrifniiu \】yls been me pupuliir.
A. Jupunmr Ik French
C« Bnnvh
lit 1 hr ililfrfrrivr lit lunhion lodHy is I hr . .
A. trend H crcntea* B. choiee of nlyle^i
< wizr nnd pcnvuntion
15t Levi jvnn.% Hw bumre、in rount ricrt.
A. 100 B. 2.800
C. In
16. Ah&on Lune arc making decisions on fanhian these days.
A. deMignern nnd companies B. people nnd cultures
C. edit or» and manufacturers
17. Mmtc ikiurgery thinks dictates what Rlobnl fashion e
A. the East B. the WeM
Ce Internationalism
18. Armani 19 moM! probably n ( n ) brand(商弥 >Mm(\
A. Italian B* French
C・ Japanese
19. Today the makes fnshion choiceM<
A. consumer & designer
C. internalicnnl market
20« Fashion ia today.
A, stpecifk diverse
C. expensive
Part 皿
Read PaMsaRc 3 und decide whether the following statements arc true or false. Write I feir true und h for false on your answer sheet. (20 pointst 2 poinU cJich}
3
Advrrtlsing
| In a coTnpctitivr economy^ lhe consumer ununlly lus the choice of several dtffrrrni bronds of the ?nmr product. Yd underneath ihnr Inbeg. the pnulucU Ate oFirn nearly identicaL One manufaclurrr f » toothph^tc tend« to ilirfer very link from nnolhcr mAiiufneturrr J m?itiu(acturer* nrc confronted with h problem h“w to keep m)Iz high enough to sny in butiiness. Mftnufarluren* sulvr rhn problem by ndvertlfiinK. They try to ap(>eal to canntirnrrn in vahou^ ways. In fod. udvertisement^ nmy he classifunl into three type* According to the kind of appeals they iw.
2 (,nc VP© of «tlvcrtiMernrtil trim to upprol to the < uniunirr'» rentanmg mind, h may oUrr a rln,m ,hn,心mu ivientifir. For ewunplr, it nmy Miy the ckmlm rrcammmtl Flmh toothp«Mr. In Mclhng a product, thr truth of (hr ndveniMinK may he lenn ivrijwrtont thnn the •ppeorance of truth.
3 Ani>th< r typr of ftdvcnihcmrnt tries to arni^r the |»a!ential buyer. Products thnt »rr tMneneiAl baring • bucH as insecticide• arc often ndvertiaed in an Atnusing way. Ono way of 山“叫 thm h tn mnk( fhr pHKlurtji Appear ohw. For cxrtmp!r< the hdvMligc brhcvr th/tt fnnMimrr* arc likely (o renirinhrr nnd buy products thnt the connunirr^ nnyioantr with fun
4 AuMKiatinft thr product with something pleaiwnt M the technique of the third type of
Nppejil. hl I Ilin < xrr ruin ihnt nuggesr thal thr product will satisfy M>mc banic hutnnn dmm One wrh demre in I he wish to be ndmircxl by nthrr people. Many Automobile Mclvrrli!M?mrnt?» in fhii* cntrgciry. They imply llml other people will odmirr you rnny
ZE !><■ when ihvy *er you driving lhe hot. new Artrdvark cor. Anofhrr powcrltil
desirr to which odvcritRcrs upped h the desire for kwe This adn for bundy are unlikely to emphtMiae thr way the handugea ure made or their luw costi inatcad ihr ・dn may *how n rriothw tenderly bmtlifig up nnd then kiMnin« lirr »rnAll hoy1* cut (ingcr« In fhr picture vhrrr (nirn open pAckugc of Ouch Bandagm. The advertiser hopes the consumer will menuHy •nsvrl iiri rqiud <i«n to i rentr thr eqiiAfion )urh Hundngru^ lave."
5 ()nr only need* to look through a tnaguziiic or w/itch an hour of I V in ordvr to <<cr exampie^ of tlirhr three diffrrrni fidVertiKitig 5lrAtegic^
Qae«tionv 21—30 arc baved on Piumiirt 3.
21. ('unHiirntT iiNunlly hnn the rhoicr of srvrrnl dlffrrrnl pnxluctn of thr nnrue brand in h cornprtiftvc ccunofny,
22. The product ?< nre more or Iosm I hr same nlthuUHh they have different |jibr)Mt
23. MnnuliuMurrr^ huvr lo aidvrrtiwr (heir products in order to May in buMino»>
21. According to lhe pnnaagct them nrr mainly four type of A(lvrrtiMrmrnt».
：3 A !<rirntific 4t|>pro«rh z u^cd tn prove the true vnluc of thr produce
26. In Milling ■ product« Appearance o( truth may be more imprntint thnn ihr irnih df AdvcrtiMinR.
27. Ad« aMSOChted with lun ere likely ui mtrnct poientinl buyer!*.
28> According tci ihr pmmre many automnbilr nd* try to “PeI to lh( ronntimiT f rcanoninK mind.
29. Thr picture of a mother trndrrly ki时er hrr %rn«ll buy z i»i ohnw ihv itMe(ulnr*< <U bandnges.
30. Pcuplr** dmx enn hr more irttisfird by the iniprnvcd advrrtincmrnln.
Part W
Raid 4 and an»wcr lhe follnwlni： question*. Mukc your a* UwE und dear m
|xi««ible< (20 pnlnUt \ polntt each)
PnMaRc 4
Umdon
1 London im an intcrrMing and exciting city. It i^ fujihionublr and full of lile< Nrntly third ol LondonS populntion today are young people with a modern oullook on lde< Mnf>i ol them cam good rnciney and therefore they have much rnorr freedom nnd indrprmlriu< th/m young people uM;d to h*vr. I hey »et their own fn^hioi^ in cloihcfii nnd they jqwd n Im 3 money on lheir entertwinment.
2 Iztndon ik also more cotunopolifan iochy> And rhin< tuo> hclpcil to give nrw li,
to the capit«L People of nil nalionn.小心 and religion* live unci work in London. TlxH>Xnti(i)i o( foreign Miidcnu arc inudying nr London University And n( othrr rducwtionnl L<ntrv% \nrl every year -vcv<?rn| mtllioh visitors from mH of the world viait I Ainrlonf tntlirr on bumne^^ or (ar a holidfty. Indeed• if somctnnrM grnu if there wrn Almost more ihnn
Londoner* in lx)n<lun9
3 Marc thnn three million people live In inner Londont nnd ntwrly liv< niillton 心仙
live in the surrounding Muburban tirrn> which is tnndc up of formerly MrparAte ihni
have rnrrgrd ta lorni what now culled outer l.ondan. rhus. tin totnl fKipulntiori ol (，加,,/ Uinclon is over eight mtllion<
1 fhr petipir living ni London• thounnndM of rnen nnd women (ornt town* and
vilUg«^ NiirrnundinR the rnpiinl work in London arid irnvcl to their ofhccft(hi|y by train or by rnr. Mom of thrnc pcoph live in the auburbs. within Hmm" ten to twenty mtlen of central Londnru but rn«ny live in the country, pcrhhpn an much 财 thirty or forty milr^ uwuye Thene ilHhimiimU <4 pvoplv ^irrnin into London like nn ntiAtIcing nrrny between 8(30 and 9130 in the niornmm nnd thru they gk into ihr crowded trninn. or their cm. iind ntrcnm home ngAin brcw»rii nhaui 1 j30 nn<l 6*3。in thr cvcninH<
5 项小小very bu^y mid ovrr i pw(Md. Thrrt i* n ^>ntinuou!< nuisr of tndrir in all thv mnin The trnffic nw mm. to w>p. rvm during thr ni|(ht. and pctiplr nlwAyn
mviu 1u he in u hurry. Th<,y 叩gr to do everything in m ru»hi with an eye on the clock> a* "they hml nnlv ・ ^hart tun* to hvct I hr noiMe nnd runh in tiring• but you boon get unrd to it.
■ I nn<l(m< winch mW。on div Rtvrr Th.EE him n hinrory o( nearly two fhou^nd Vvaix I He R<;mnn^ nindr Lonrlon their < npitMl ^oon After thry Inndrd in Hritnm in I hr firm century. 1 hry hinh a hrid环 nue” the Rivrr ThnnivR nnd opened a srnnll port on the north brink 讨 the river Thrn they built n *tnnll town. London^ which today in onr of the th