高考复习非谓语动词(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,1,1.,谓语动词：,概述：,2.,非谓语动词：,在句子中担任谓语的动词,是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分,一个句子,当中，,已经存在一个,主句,（谓语动词）,又没有连词或复合句省略主语,的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,。,非谓语动词使用条件,She got off the bus,leaving,her handbag on her seat.,She got off the bus,but,left,her handbag on her seat.,（并列句,),2,He told me(,that,)the teacher,would be,back soon.(,宾语从句）,I appreciate the students,who,finish,the homework on time everyday.,（定语从句）,3,非谓语动词,现在分词,V-ing,过去分词,Vp.p,动词不定式,to do,表主动、动作正在进行,表被动、动作已经完成,表目的、,动作发生在将来,4,非谓语动词在高考中主要体现在语法填空和短文改错的中，答题时按照以下步骤：一看二找三分析,1.,看主句中是否有谓语，分两步思考,2.,找出该动词的逻辑主语，如无，则默认主句主语,3.,分析逻辑主语与动词关系,无谓语，考虑时态、人称数、语态,有谓语，排除并列句 或复合句省略主语情况，考虑非谓语,温馨提示：非谓语的考察中大部分考察,固定句型,和,固定搭配,5,1.I cant stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.,2.He got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldnt risk _(lose)the good opportunity.,3.,I like _ very much,but I dont like _ this afternoon.(swim,）,working,to stop,losing,swimming,to swim,6,1._(learn)a language requires time and effort.,2.It is not always easy _(refuse)invitations.,3.How _(solve)the problem will be discussed at,tomorrows meeting.,4.It _(take)forty-five minutes _(get)there by bus.,5.I need this chapter _(write)before tomorrow.,6.When she returned home,she found the window open and something _(steal).,Learning,to refuse,to solve,takes,to get,written,stolen,7,8,非谓语动词考点：,1.,不定式或,V-ing,做主语时，一般用,it,当形式主语，并构成固定句型。,It is not very good for you to smoke so much.,Its nice seeing you again.,It is/was+adj+for/of sb+to do sth,2.,下列句型中常用动名词作主语,:,no use/good,not any use/good,It is/was of little use/good +doing sth,useless,worth,9,3.,不定式和,V-ing,作宾语时常考固定搭配也考,形式宾语,1,）下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语：,want,wish,hope,expect,ask,afford,agree,choose,pretend,decide,happen,learn,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,manage,promise,intend,等。,e.g.He agreed to get someone to help us.,They promised not to break the school rules,again.,decide,to do sth.,决定做某事,want would like,to do sth.,想做某事,plan,to do sth.,计划做某,need,to do sth.,需要做某事,agree,to do sth.,同意做某事,10,afford,to do,能做某事,be used to,do,被用来做,cant wait,to do,迫不及待地要做某事,make up ones mind,to do,下决心做某事,used to,do,过去常常做某事,fail,to do,未能做某事,11,2,）,it,作形式宾语而非谓语动词为真正宾语,think/find/feel/consider/make/regard,+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语,Theyfeltitdifficulttofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.,T,omdidntfinditdifficulttowritelettersinChinese,.,Allthesenoisesmadeitimpossibleformetogoonwiththework.,也可以使用,V-ing,作真正宾语,Theprofessorconsidersitnogoodreadingwithoutunderstanding.,Idontthinkitworthwhilegoingtosuchaplace.,Hefoundituseless(nouse)arguingwithhim.,12,3,）在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语：,admit,advise,allow,avoid,bear,cannot help,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,give up,imagine.include,keep,keep on,mind,miss,put off,permit,practice,resist,risk,suggest,stand,insist on,be busy,be worth,feel like,cant stand,think of,dream of,be fond of,prevent(from),keepfrom,stop(from),protectfrom,be engaged in,spend(in),succeed in,admit to,be/get/become used to,be equal to,devoteto,get down to,look forward to,object to,stick to,take to,see to,lead to,pay attention to,等。,13,例：,He enjoys going to the playground.,I have finished cleaning the house.,enjoy,doing sth.,喜欢做某事,spend,.doing sth.,花费,做某事,be,busy,doing sth.,忙于做,imagine,sb.doing sth.,想象,做某事,cant help,doing sth.,忍不住做某事,feel like,doing sth.,想要做某事,finish,doing sth.,完成做某事,practice,doing sth.,练习做某事,14,miss,doing sth.,错过做某事,suggest,doing sth.,建议做某事,keep,(on)doing sth.,保持（继续）做某事,mind,doing sth.,介意做某事,be,worth,doing sth.,值得做某事,consider,doing sth.,考虑做某事,15,3,）介词,+V-ing,常考介词,:,at,in,on,，,of,off,for,from,，,up,about,without,，,to,等等,be good,at,doing sth,擅长做某事,be interested,in,doing sth.,对做某事感兴趣,insist,on,doing,坚持做某事,be used,for,doing sth.,被用来做某事,thank sb.,for,doing sth.,谢谢某人做某事,be tired,of,doing sth.,厌烦做某事,be afraid,of,doing sth.,害怕做某事,16,put,off,doing,推迟做某事,stop sb.,from,doing sth.,阻止某人做某事,give,up,doing sth.,放弃做某事,without,doing sth.,没有做某事,think,about,doing sth.,考虑做某事,What How,about,doing,做某事怎么样,17,此,to,非 彼,to,look forward,to,doing sth.,（盼望）,pay attention,to,doing sth.,（注意）,be used,to,doing sth.,（习惯于）,prefer doing sth,to,doing sth.,（更喜欢）,devote,to,doing sth,（致力于）,make a contribution,to,doing,（做贡献）,18,温馨提示：,一般而言，介词后用,V-ing,，但在介词,but/except/besides(,除,.,之外）后常用,to do,不定式作宾语。即,He has no choice but to accept the suggestion.,但如果与,but,构成,“,只好。,”,的短语时，其后接不带,to,的不定式，有,can not help but do sth;,can not choose but do sth,19,特殊词精讲,20,eg:,他们停下来吸烟。,They stop,to smoke,.,我必须戒烟了,I must stop,smoking,.,办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。,(,没有做关灯的动作,The light in the office is still on.,He forgot,to turn,it off.,他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）,He forgot,turning,the light off.,21,4.,现在分词和过去分词作表语具有形容词特征,也可以,作为形容词。但要注意二者的区别,e.g.The party was very,exciting,.,They were very,excited,at the news,凡表示“令人,的”都是,-ing,形式，凡,是表示“感到,”,都用,-ed,形式。换句话说，若人,对,感兴趣，就是,somebody is interested in.,，,若人,/,物本身有趣时，就是,sb./sth.is interesting,。,22,delighting,令人高兴的,delighted,感到高兴的,disappointing,令人失望的,disappointed,感到,失望的,encouraging,令人鼓舞的,encouraged,感到鼓,舞的,pleasing,令人愉快的,pleased,感到愉快的,puzzling,令人费解的,puzzled,感到费解的,satisfying,令人满意的,satisfied,感到满意的,surprising,令人惊异的,surprised,感到惊异的,worrying,令人担心的,worried,感到担心的,23,5.,非谓语动词作定语,1,）,不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，,表示未发生的动作或将要发生的某一动作。,e.g.The train,to arrive,is from London,He is always the first,to come,and the last,to leave,.,2,）,动名词做定语往往说明所修饰词的某种,用途,，一般放在被修饰词的前面。,e.g.,a washing machine,（,=a machine which is used for washing,）洗衣机,a reading room,（,=a room which is used for reading,）阅览室,常见有,a running machine a waiting room,a swimming pool a walking stick,24,6.,非谓语动词还有不同的形式,动词不定式,过去分词,to be done,to have been done,being done,having been done,及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成,个别动词的过去分词只表示完成,(,多数为不及物动词,),主动形式,被动形式,to do,to have done,doing,having done,不定式除一般式、完成式以外还有,_,进行式,to be doing,done,-ing,分词,25,弄清非谓语动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作之间的先后关系是解题的关键所在,在谓语表示的动作之后,与谓语表示的动作同时发生,在谓语表示的动作之前,to do/to be done,to do/to be done/to be doing;doing/being done;,done;to have done/to have been done;having done/having been done,26,练习：,1.The question _(discuss)at the meeting yesterday is of quite importance.,2.The question _(discuss)at the meeting now is of quite importance.,3.The question _(discuss)at the meeting tomorrow is of quite importance.,4.,(finish)his speech,he answered our questions,.,discussed,being discussed,to be discussed,Having finished,27,7.,非谓语动词作状语考点（时间、原因、结果、伴随、方式、目的、条件及评论性状语）,1,）不定式表结果，常用在,too to,enough to,结构中。,有时不定式前加上,only,，表示出人意料的结果。,e.g.The child is old enough,to dress himself,.,We hurried to the station,only to be told,that the train had left.,I went to see him,only to find,him out.,2,）分析以下状语类型,1.Hearing the news,they all jumped for joy.,2.Living far from the school,I have to get up early in the morning.,Asked about his address,the boy didnt respond.,28,3.The fire lasted a whole night,causing great damage.,4.Following Tom,we started to climb.,5.She came riding a brand-new bike.,6.Jane kept silent,trying not to show her feelings.,7.The pop star hurried up to the car,followed by her fans.,3,）,评论性状语,，,有些惯用的分词短语在句中可以独立存在，用来修饰全句，表明说话者的态度、观点等。,常见的有：,generally speaking,一般说来,strictly speaking,严格说来,roughly speaking,大致说来,judging from/by,由,判断,frankly speaking,坦白地说,to tell you the truth,说实话,to be honest,老实说,e.g.,Judging from her accent,she must come from Australia.,29,1.When _(heat)water will be changed into vapour.,While _(heat)water,we can change it into vapour.,2._(see)from the hill,the city looks beautiful.,_(see)from the hill,you will find the city beautiful.,3.Generally speaking,when _(take)according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.,If _(take)the drug according to the directions,you will be better soon.,heated,heating,Seen,Seeing,taken,taking,30,8.,非谓语动词作宾语补足语常考固定搭配,1,）以下动词后常跟带符号,to,的不定式做宾语补足语：,ask,tell,want,wish,order,persuade,advise,allow,warn,encourage,cause,require,等。,ask sb.to do sth.,请求某人做某事,tell sb.to do sth.,命令某人做某事,want,sb.to do sth.,想要某人做某事,invite,sb.to do sth.,邀请某人做某事,expect,sb.to do sth.,期待某人做某事,encourage,sb.to do sth.,鼓励某人做某事,advise,sb.to do sth.,建议某人做某事,31,promise,sb.to do,答应某人做某事,warn,sb.not to do sth.,告诫某人做某事,allow,sb.to do sth.,允许某人做某事,remind,sb.to do sth.,提醒某人做某事,help,sb.(to)do sth.,帮助某人做某事,had better,（,not,）,do sth.,最好,(,不,),做,why not/why dont you do sth,为什么不做,?,help sb.,（,to,）,do sth,Would rather,宁愿做,would you please,32,2,）区分意义,see sb.doing/do sth.,hear sb.doing/do sth.,watch sb.doing/do sth.,notice sb.doing/do sth.,总结：感官动词,see,watch,look at,notice,hear,listen to,feel,+do,表示动作的完整性，,+doing,表示动作的进行性。,注意：,+do,时若被动语态中则不能省去,to,。,The worker was seen to repair the machine.,33,1.,My parents have always made me _(,feel,)good about myself,even when I was twelve.(,江苏,),2.,They knew her very well.They had seen her _(,grow,)up from childhood.(,全国,),3.,The mother felt herself _(,grow,)cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(,上海,),4.,Paul doesnt have to be made _(,learn,).He always works hard.(,全国,),feel,grow,grow,to learn,34,The end,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,33.,Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.,Sorry.With so much work _(,fill,)my mind,I almost break down.(,福建,),34.,John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work _(,finish,),he gladly accepted it.(,安徽,),35.,With a lot of difficult problems _(,settle,),the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(,上海,),36.,The director had her assistant _,(,pick,)up some hot dogs for the meeting.(,全国,),filling,finished,to settle,pick,55,37.,Did Peter fix the computer himself?,He had it _(,fix,),because he doesnt know much about computers.(,安徽,),38.,Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _(,improve,)in a short period.(,福建,),39.,Helen had to shout to make herself _(,hear,)above the sound of the music.(,广西,),40.,Peter received a letter just now _,(,say,)his grandma would come to see him soon.(,四川,),fixed,improved,heard,saying,56,41.,As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not _(,move,),and asked myself what I was going to do.(,湖南,),42.,_(,walk,)in the fields on a March afternoon,he could feel the warmth of spring.(,安徽,),43.,_(,wait,)in the queue for half an hour,the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.(,福建,),44.,_(,blame,)for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits.(,福建,),moving,Walking,Having waited,Blamed,57,45.,He hurried to the booking office only _(,tell,)that all the tickets had been sold out.(,陕西,),46.,European football is played in 80 countries,_(,make,)it the most popular sport in the world.(,全国,),47.,You were silly not _(,lock,)your car.(,湖南,),48.,I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good _(,breathe,).(,宁夏,),to be told,making,to have locked,to breathe,58,49.,_(,complete,)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.(,湖南,),50.,When _(,ask,)why he went there,he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.(,江西,),51.,The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _(,water,)every day.(,四川,),52.,When _(,compare,)different cultures,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(,浙江,),To complete,asked,watered,comparing59,53.,The last one _(,arrive,)pays the meal.,Agree!(,全国,),54.,The trees _(,blow,)in the storm have been moved off the road.(,湖南,),55.,Can those _(,seat,)at the back of the classroom hear me?(,福建,),56.,Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures _(,form,)in your mind instead of before your eyes.(,广西,),to arrive,blown,seated,forming,60,