现代大学英语听力2Unit-11-Nature-(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Contemporary English Listening B2,Unit 11 Nature,1,Area14,000,000 km2 Population 5,000 temporary residents,Antarctica,2,Roald Amundsen and his crew looking at the Norwegian flag at the South Pole,1911,3,Dumont dUrville Station,an example of modern human settlement in Antarctica,4,Task l Words and expressions,The Antarctic:,南极地区,Antarctica:,南极洲,fossil:,化石,Gondwanaland:,冈瓦纳大陆,proof:,证据；证明,ice sheet:,(technical,术语,),冰原；冰盖,5,Gondwanaland,冈瓦纳古陆,(,冈瓦纳大陆,),冈瓦纳古陆又称南方大陆。,大陆漂移说,所设想的南半球超级大陆。包括今,南美洲,、非洲、澳大利亚以及印度半岛和阿拉伯半岛。上述各大陆被认为在古生代及以前时期曾经连接在一起。“冈瓦纳大陆”是奥地利地质学家,休斯,（,E.Suess,）于,1885,年在,（,The Face of the Earth,）一书中提出的。根据印度中部冈瓦纳地区,石炭纪,到,侏罗纪,的地层,“,冈瓦纳系”得名。休斯认为，非洲、印度等大陆具有相同的地质历史和古植物群，过去曾经是一个统一的大陆。石炭纪一二叠纪时，南方大陆的大规模冰川活动已由非洲、南美洲、澳大利亚、印度等地发现的冰碛岩所证实。该古陆上发育的大冰盖，其中心在,南极洲,东部和非洲南部，冰盖由此辐散出去。古地磁资料也表明，当时这一带靠近古南极，大冰盖分布于古南纬,60,以内。,二叠纪,时期，南方大陆占优势的植物群是种子蕨类植物舌羊齿，其分布遍及南美洲、中非、南非、澳大利亚、南极洲和印度，而在包括北美洲、,格陵兰,、欧亚大陆在内的北方大陆则没有出现这类植物。一般认为，,冈瓦纳古陆,在,中生代,开始解体，,新生代,期间逐渐迁移到现今位置。,6,Gondwanaland,7,Task 1 Key,A.,1)It had quite a warm climate then.,2)About 150 million years ago,Gondwanaland began to break up,and the Antarctic moved southwards until it reached its present position.,3)99 percent of the total area of Antarctica is covered by a massive ice sheet.,8,Task 1 Key,B.,1)Africa;Australia,2)small dog;(former)land connection;animals;plants,3,),penguins,9,Task 1 Script,The Antarctic has not always been covered in ice.Fossil plants found in the rocks indicate that it had quite a warm climate about 150 million years ago.Antarctica once formed part of the supercontinent Gondwanaland,with South America,Africa,India,Australia and New Zealand all grouped around its edge.However,about 150 million years ago Gondwanaland began to break up.The Antarctic moved southwards until it reached its present position.,10,The final proof for,the former land connection,between Antarctica and the Gondwanaland continents was found in some mountains where the remains of an animal about the size of a,small dog,were found.Other fossil remains of,animals and plants,have since been found.,Today the continent is covered by a massive ice sheet more than 4 kilometers thick,which covers 99 percent of the total area.The remaining 1 percent is almost lifeless,apart from a few plants,and the sea animals,like the,penguins,which come ashore at certain times of the year.,11,12,13,Task 2,Bali island,巴厘岛,(Bali Island),，是世界著名旅游岛，是印度尼西亚,33,个一级行政区之一。,巴厘岛上大部分为山地，全岛山脉纵横，地势东高西低。岛上的最高峰是阿贡火山海拔,3142,米。巴厘岛是印度尼西亚唯一信奉印度教的地区。,80%,的人信奉印度教。主要通行的语言是印尼语和英语。,沙努尔、努沙,-,杜尔和库达等处的海滩，是岛上景色最美的海滨浴场，这里沙细滩阔、海水湛蓝清澈。每年来此游览的各国游客络绎不绝。,由于巴厘岛,万种风情,，景物甚为绮丽。因此，它还享有多种别称，如,神明之岛,、,恶魔之岛,、,罗曼斯岛,、,绮丽之岛,、,天堂之岛,、,魔幻之岛,、,花之岛,等。,2015,年由美国著名旅游杂志,旅游,+,休闲,一项调查结果把印尼巴厘岛评为世界上最佳的岛屿之一。,14,Bali:,Length:145 km(90.1 mi)Width:80 km(50 mi)Highest elevation:3,148 m(10,328 ft)Highest point:Mount Agung,15,Kuta Beach is a popular tourist spot in,Bali,16,The Tirta Empul Temple draws tourists who seek its holy waters,17,Keys,1)c,2)a,3)b,4)a,18,Scripts,Bali is a beautiful island of mountains,forests and rice fields.It is also an island of artists.Almost everybody there is an artist of some kind.The people work all day at home,in the fields or on their boats,but in the evening they make music,dance,paint or carve things out of wood and stone.,For the Balinese,art is part of religion.It is a way of pleasing their gods-and Bali,they believe,is full of gods.There are thousands of temples in Bali,and there are festivals at these temples when people die or get married,or when a child is born.At these festivals the people try to keep their gods happy by giving them food,by dancing,by acting,and by playing music for them.,19,Scripts,In the past,the Balinese did not care about the outside world.For them Bali was the whole world.But in the 1930s tourists began to visit Bali,and since the 1950s tourism has become big business there.So the islanders have begun to sell their art to tourists.These days the Balinese produce more and more things for tourists;they make fewer things for their temples.They have less time for their gods,so there are fewer festivals.,20,Scripts,Each year more tourists bring more money to the island;they also bring new ideas and a new way of life.The Balinese know that if fewer tourists come to the island,there will be less money.But they also know if there are too many tourists,the Balinese way of life will change drastically.The authorities are trying hard to organize and control tourism with caution.Bali has to change;nevertheless they want to make sure that it changes for the better,not for the worse.,21,Task 3 Words and expressions,recreation:,轻微地震；小震,atomic bomb:,原子弹,explosion:,爆炸，爆破，爆裂（声）,van:,客货车；厢式送货车,22,Indians on the Cowlitz River watching an eruption of,Mount St.Helens,as painted by Canadian artist Paul Kane following a visit to the volcano in 1847(Photograph courtesy of the Royal Ontario Museum).,圣,海伦,火山（英语：,Mount St.Helens,）是一座活火山，位于,美国,太平洋,西北区,华盛顿州,的斯卡梅尼亚县，,西雅图市,以南,154,公里，波特兰市东北,85,公里处，是,喀斯喀特山脉,的一部分。山的名称来自英国外交官圣海伦勋爵，他是,18,世纪对此地进行勘测的探险家乔治,温哥华的朋友。圣海伦火山是包含,160,多个活火山的环太平洋火山带的一部分，因火山灰喷发和火山碎屑流而闻名。,23,圣海伦火山最著名的一次爆发发生在,1980,年,5,月,18,日的,08:32(,太平洋,标准时间,),。,圣海伦火山景观,这是,美国历史,上死伤人数最多和对经济破坏最严重的一次火山爆发,(1912,年阿拉斯加卡特迈火山爆发是美国历史上规模最大的一次火山爆发,),。圣海伦火山爆发造成,57,人死亡，,250,座住宅、,47,座桥梁、,24,公里铁路和,300,公里高速公路被摧毁。火山爆发引发的大规模山崩使山的,海拔高度,从爆发前,2950,米下降到了,2550,米，并形成了,1.5,公里宽、,125,米深的马蹄形,火山口,。喷发出的火山灰和碎屑的体积达到了,2.3,立方公里，是历史记载中最大规模的一次。虽然与其他地质年代发生过的火山爆发相比则有所逊色。,24,Mount St.Helens,25,Keys,A.,1)Because until 1980,it had been quiet for more than a hundred years.,2)It was strange.No birds were singing,and the air was still.,3)He was standing near the summit and reporting the eruption on radio.,B.,Washington;35;1980;123;recreation;summit;tremors;small eruptions;no danger;1980;dust;ash;rocks;mud;40;peaceful;empty,26,Scripts,Most volcanoes are quiet.They rest peacefully for hundreds of years.No one pays much attention to them.,Mount St.Helens was one of these volcanoes.Until 1980,it was a beautiful,recreation,消遣；娱乐,area.Its last eruption had been,123,years ago.No one was worried about another one.Then,in March 1980,Mount St.Helens began to make noises.At first,there were,tremors,.Then,small,eruptions,occurred.Some residents left immediately.Others felt there was,no danger,.,There are excellent facilities for sport and,recreation,.,有完善的体育娱乐设施。,27,Scripts,But on the morning of May 18,1980,the mountain blew its top.With the power of twenty-five atomic bombs,Mount St.Helens exploded.Clouds of,dust and ash,rose more than twelve miles into the sky.,Rocks and mud,crashed down the slopes.,Unfortunately,many people were still living,camping,or working in the area.Over,forty,people lost their lives.Others were rescued.,28,Scripts,Robert Baker was fishing with his family when the explosion occurred.He reported that the morning of May 18,was strange.No birds were singing.The air was still.,Then,he saw a large black cloud coming down toward them.In minutes,day turned into night.He called his family to their van and they started on the slow dark ride away from the mountain.All the time,hot ash was raining on them.,29,Scripts,But other people were not so lucky.David Johnston,a volcano expert,was standing near the summit of the mountain.At 8:31 a.m.,he radioed,This is it!He was never heard from again.,Mount St.Helens is,peaceful,now.But its slopes are,empty,.It will be many years before fish,plants,and trees will again live on the mountain.,30,Task 11,Planet Earth is 4,600,000,000 years old.If we condense this time span we can compare it to a person 46 years old.Only at the age of 42 did the Earth begin to flower.Dinosaurs and the great reptiles did not appear until one year ago,when the planet was 45.Mammals arrived only eight months ago,and in the middle of last week human-like apes developed into ape-like humans,and last weekend the last ice age covered the Earth.,Modem man has been around for 4 hours.During the last hour agriculture was discovered.The Industrial Revolution began a minute ago.Since then,we have multiplied our numbers to plague proportions,caused the extinction of 500 species of animals,turned the planet upside down in the search for fuels,and now we stand,arrogant with power,on the edge of a war to end all wars,and close to effectively destroying this oasis of life in the solar system.,31,