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1、专项一 中国节日及有关体现 1.春节 the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year 农历正月初一 the first day of the first lunar month 农历 lunar calendar 年终大扫除 year-end household cleaning 春联 Spring Festival couplets 年画 New Year pictures 剪纸 paper-cuts 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 饺子 dumplings 春晚 Spring Festival Gal
2、a 守岁 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 除夕 Eve of Chinese New Year 辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new 拜年 pay a New Year visit 红包 red packets 压岁钱 lucky money 放爆竹 let off firecrackers 庙会 temple fair 禁忌 taboo 2.元宵节 Lantern Festival 农历正月十五 15th day of the first lunar month元宵 rice
3、dumplings 花灯 festival lantern 灯谜 lantern riddle 灯会 exhibit of lanterns 烟花 fireworks 3.端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 农历五月初五 5th of the fifth lunar month 粽子 traditional Chinese rice-pudding 糯米 sticky rice 粽叶 bamboo leaves 舞龙 dragon dance 舞狮 lion dance 踩高跷 stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon-boat racing
4、 纪念 in memory of 屈原 Qu Yuan 诗人 poet 忠臣 loyal minister 4.清明节 Tomb-sweeping Day 寒食节 Cold Food Festival 祭拜祖先 offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 踏青 go for a spring outing 5.中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival 农历八月十五 15th of the eighth lunar month 月饼 moon cake 赏月 appreciate the glorious
5、full moon 中国神话故事 Chinese mythology 嫦娥 the goddess of the moon 后羿 Houyi 长生不老 be immortal 6.重阳节 Double Ninth Day 赏菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高 climb a height 7.七夕节 Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentine's Day 银河 the Milky Way 鹊桥 bridge of magpies 牛郎 Cowherd 织女 the Weaving Maid王母
6、娘娘 the Queen of Heaven 乞巧 praying-for-cleverness 女红 needlework 专项二 中国文化及有关体现 1. 中国文化 四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术 printing 造纸术 paper-making 指南针 the compass 文房四宝” Four Treasures of the Study 笔 writing brush 墨 ink stick 纸 paper 砚 ink slab 书法 calligr
7、aphy 中国画 traditional Chinese painting 水墨画 Chinese brush painting 雕刻 sculpture 泥人 clay figure 武术 martial arts 京剧 Peking opera 昆曲 Kunqu opera 相声 cross talk 中药 traditional Chinese medicine 中国结 Chinese knot 唐装 Tang suit 四合院 courtyard house 红茶 black tea 绿茶 green tea 火锅 hot pot 2.中国文
8、学 四大名著 four major classical novels 《三国演义》 The Romance of Three Kingdoms 《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》 Outlaw of the Marshes 《西游记》 Journey to the West 四书 The Four Books 《大学》 The Great Learning 《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》 Analects of Confucius 《孟子》 The Mencius 五经 The Five C
9、lassics 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《书经》 The Book of History 《易经》 The Book of Changes 《礼记》 the Book of Rite 《春秋》 The Spring and Autumn Annals 3.中国古代哲学家及有关体现 哲学家 philosopher 孔子 Confucius 孟子 Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 孙子 Sun Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 儒学 Confucian School 孔庙 Temple of Confucius 《孙子兵法》 The
10、 Art of War 4.中国历史及有关体现 封建旳 feudal 朝代 dynasty 春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period 战国时期 the Warring States Period 隋唐时期 the Sui and Tang dynasties 明清时期 Ming and Qing dynasties 秦始皇 the First Emperor of Qin 君主 monarch 皇帝 emperor 皇太后 Empress Dowager 丞相 prime minister 大臣 minister 忠臣 loyal min
11、ister 中华文明 Chinese civilization 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 西域 western countries 历史遗迹 historical site 文化遗产 cultural heritage 文物 cultural relics 科举制 imperial examination for recruiting civil servants 专项三 中国社会及有关体现 社会篇有关体现 改革开放 reform and opening up 小康社会 a well-to-do society 奔小康 strive for a
12、relatively comfortable life 人民生活 people’s livelihood 生活水平 living standards 生活质量 quality of life 改善民生 improve people’s wellbeing 住房条件 housing conditions 生活条件 living conditions 共同富裕 shared prosperity 社会稳定 social stability 衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 厉行节省 pr
13、actice economy 缩小收入差距 narrow the income gap 人均收入 average income per capita 文化限度 educational level 城乡居民 urban citizen 失业保障 unemployment security 人口问题 the issue of population 全面发展 all-round development 发达国家 developed country 发展中国家 developing country 人口老龄化 population aging 养老 provision for
14、the aged 养老保险 old-age insurance 社会保险 social insurance 筹划生育 family planning 独生子女政策 one-child policy 都市人口 urban population 农业人口 agriculture population 普查 census 社会事业 social programs 人才市场 talent market 人才交流 talent exchange 人才外流 brain drain 应届高校毕业生 new college graduate 农民工 rural migr
15、ant worker 公务员 civil servant 市民 citizen 名人 celebrity 残疾人 the disabled 就业率 employment rate 失业率 unemployment rate 出生率 birth rate 死亡率 mortality rate 寿命 life span 贫困地区 poverty-stricken region 欠发达地区 underdeveloped area 挣脱贫困 shake off poverty 生活困难 be badly-off 用电量 electricity consumpt
16、ion 森林覆盖率 forest coverage 产业构造 industrial structure 创历史新高 an all-time high 战略性新兴产业 strategic emerging industries 基本设施 infrastructure 南水北调 South-to-North Water Diversion Project 自然灾害natural disasters 本土化 localization 体力劳动 manual labor 可持续发展 sustainable development 沙尘暴 sandstorm 建筑灰尘 con
17、struction dust 市政府 the municipal government 违章建筑 unlicensed construction 严肃地惩罚 impose tough punishments on 重要污染源 major sources of pollutants 建筑灰尘 construction dust 炫富 show off wealth 热词 hot word/ buzzword 品位 taste 大众传媒 mass media 专项四 中国经济有关体现 经济篇有关体现 国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP
18、) 国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国有公司 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 市场经济秩序 the order of the market economy 扩大内需 expand domestic demand 宏观调控 macro control 按劳分派 distribution according to one’s performance 城乡居民收入 income of urban and rural resident
19、s 劳动力 labor 综合国力 overall national strength 公有制 public ownership 私有制 private ownership 私营公司 private business 中小公司 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 跨国公司 multinational corporation 网络经济 Internet-based economy 经济规律 law of economy 大规模生产 mass production 生产力 productive forces 年均增长
20、率 average growth rate per annum 可持续增长 sustainable growth 经济效益 economic returns 经济增长 economic growth 经济波动 economic fluctuation 衰退 recession 提高经济效益 enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济构造 optimize economic structure 经济构造战略性调节 strateg
21、ic adjustment of the economic structure 优化消费构造 optimize the consumption structure 产业构造升级 upgrading of an industrial structure 产业格局 industrial pattern 高新技术产业 high and new technology industries 经济特区 special economic zones 繁华与稳定 prosperity and stability 经济交流 economic exchange 运用外资 utili
22、zation of foreign capital 投资 investment 知识产权 intellectual property rights 版权 copyright 商标 trademark 专利 patent 电子商务 e-business 循环经济 recycling economy 个人所得税 personal income tax 税收政策 tax policy 试点工程 pilot project 经济带 economic belts 经济全球化 economic globalization 财政和货币政策 fiscal a
23、nd monetary policies 专项五 中国技有关体现 科技篇有关体现 科技是第毕生产力 science and technology constitute a primary productive force 科技体制改革 reform of the science and technology management system 技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 科技含量 technology content 尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology 研究开发 research and develo
24、pment 治理污染 curb the environmental pollution 水循环运用工厂water recycling plant 核电站 nuclear power plant 非化石能源发电量 electricity generated from non-fossil energy 新粒子 new particle H7N9病毒 H7N9 virus 应用科学 applied science 3D打印 3D printing 人造器官 artificial organ 顶层设计 the top layer design 节能减排 energy conse
25、rvation and emission reduction 工业升级 industrial upgrading 构造性障碍 structural obstacle 资源运用率 resource utilization rate 高速铁路 high-speed rail 科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development 科技发展 scientific and technological advancement 生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture 创新 innovation 高科技园区 high-tech
26、 park 国家重点实验室 national key laboratory 研究成果 research result 新兴学科 new branch of science 人工智能 artificial intelligence 信息高速公路 information superhighway 网民 netizen 网上购物 online shopping 网上交易平台 online trading platform “宽带中国”战略 China's broadband strategy 产能 production capacity 神舟十号the Shenzhou-1
27、0 spacecraft 嫦娥三号 The Chang'e-3 lunar lander 专项六 中国教育有关体现 教育篇有关体现 素质教育 education for all-round development 应试教育 exam-oriented education 填鸭式教学 cramming method of learning 义务教育 compulsory education 高等教育 higher education 一般高校 regular institution of higher learning 就业服务和职业培训employment serv
28、ices and vocational skills training 综合性大学 comprehensive university 重点大学 key university 减轻学生承当 reduce burden for students 应届高校毕业生new college graduates 招生办公室 admission office 入学考试 entrance examination 高考 college entrance examination 研究生入学考试 postgraduate entrance examination 入学资格 admissio
29、n qualification 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 奖学金 scholarship 学费tuition 专业课 course within one’s major 必修课 required course 选修课 optional course 学分制 credit system 毕业论文 graduation thesis 毕业证书 graduation certificate 学生会 students’ union 学历 record of formal
30、 schooling 中小学生 primary and secondary school student 本科生undergraduate 研究生postgraduate同窗 classmate 专家 professor副专家 associate professor讲师 lecturer助教 teaching assistant 教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education学前教育 preschool education 智力引进 introduce talents 课外活动 extracurricular activity
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