2023年大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案.doc

２０２３年６月大学英语四级考试试题及参照答案

　　Part I Lｉstening　Ｃomprehｅnsｉｏｎ　（20　minutｅs）

　Sｅctiｏn A

　　Dｉrections： Ｉn　this ｓｅcｔion, yｏu　will ｈear 10 shorｔ　ｃonｖｅｒsaｔiｏns. Aｔ thｅ　enｄ　oｆ　ｅach cｏnversation, a ｑuesｔｉon will　be　aｓked abｏｕt what wａs said.　Boｔh　ｔhe conveｒsatioｎ　ａnｄ the　question will be　sｐoken only oncｅ． Ａｆteｒ each ｑuｅstｉｏn ｔｈｅre ｗill ｂe a paｕse.　Durｉnｇ the　paｕse, yｏu muｓt reａd tｈe　fouｒ chｏｉces　ｍaｒked A), Ｂ)， C)　ａnd D)， and　ｄｅcidｅ　ｗｈich ｉs the beｓt aｎｓweｒ. Then marｋ tｈe coｒresponｄing lｅtter　oｎ ｔhe Ａnsweｒ　Ｓheeｔ　with a ｓinｇle ｌiｎe throuｇｈ ｔhe ｃeｎｔre．

　　Ｅxample: You will ｈeａr：

　　Ｙoｕ　wiｌl rｅad： A) Aｔ　the oｆfice. B）　Ｉｎ　ｔhe ｗaiting rｏoｍ.

　 C) At thｅ airpoｒｔ. D） In a ｒestauraｎt.

　　Fｒom ｔｈe conversaｔion ｗe know tｈａｔ　tｈe two wｅrｅ　tａlking ａbｏuｔ some ｗｏrk they　had

　　to　finish　ｉn the　eveninｇ.　Ｔｈis iｓ mosｔ likeｌｙ　to have takeｎ ｐｌａce at ｔhe office．

　Tｈeｒeｆore, A) "At the officｅ" ｉs ｔhｅ　best　anｓwer. Yｏu shoulｄ cｈoose [Ａ] ｏｎ ｔhe Aｎswer Sheｅt and mark it ｗitｈ ａ ｓinｇlｅ liｎｅ　ｔhｒough the cｅｎtrｅ.

Samｐle　Answer　[ A ]　[Ｂ］ ［C] [D]

　1.A） Shｅ iｓ not iｎterested iｎ　tｈe aｒtiｃlｅ．

B) Shｅ hａs ｇiven tｈｅ mａn mｕｃh tｒouble.

　C) Sｈe wouｌd liｋe　to hａvｅ a copｙ of the　ａrticle．

D）　Shｅ ｄoesｎ'ｔ ｗant ｔo　ｔake ｔhe ｔroubｌｅ ｔo　rｅad ｔｈｅ artiｃle.

　2.Ａ)Ｈe saw the ｂig ｔoｗeｒ　ｈe　ｖisited　ｏn ＴV.

　　Ｂ）　He has　viｓitｅd ｔhe TV ｔｏwer ｔwiｃe.

　　C) Hｅ ｈａs ｖisiｔｅd　ｔhｅ ＴV　toweｒ onｃe.

　 D） Ｈe　wilｌ viｓｉｔ the ＴV tower　ｉｎ　June.

　3．Ａ)　The ｗｏmａn haｓ trouｂle getting　alonｇ ｗｉth the pｒｏfessｏr.

　 Ｂ) Tｈe woman　ｒegrets　hａvｉｎg ｔaｋen up　mｕｃh oｆ thｅ professｏr's　time．

　 C） The wｏmａn knｏｗs the professoｒ hａs beeｎ busｙ.

D) The ｗomaｎ knows ｔhe　prｏｆeｓsor has run　ｉnｔo troｕｂle.

４．A) Hｅ　doｅsn't enjoy business trips as　mｕch　as　he useｄ to.

　B)　He dｏeｓn't tｈiｎｋ　hｅ is caｐａblｅ ｏf　ｄoｉng tｈe ｊｏb．

　C)　He　thｉnkｓ ｔhe pａy iｓ ｔoｏ low to sｕpporｔ his family.

D）　Ｈe　wants　to spｅnd more time ｗitｈ ｈiｓ famｉｌy.

　５ A）Tｈe man ｔhought　ｔhe essaｙ wａs eａsy.

　 B） Tｈey ｂoth haｄ a hard ｔime ｗriting　tｈe essay.

　Ｃ) The woｍan thｏｕｇhｔ　the　eｓｓaｙ was easｙ．

　D)　Neｉｔｈeｒ of ｔｈem has finｉshｅｄ tｈe assignmenｔ ｙet.

6.A） In　the pａrk． B) Betwｅｅn ｔｗｏ bｕildinｇs.

　　C) Iｎ hｉｓ aｐartmenｔ.　D) Ｕnder ａ ｈugｅ tree.

　　７.A) It's awfuｌlｙ　dull. B)　Iｔ's reａlｌy　exciｔiｎg.

C) It＇ｓ　ｖｅｒy ｅxhaｕｓｔiｎg. Ｄ) Iｔ's　ｑuiｔe chaｌlengｉｎｇ．

　　８.A)　A ｍovｉe． B) A lｅcture. C) Ａ pｌay. D） A speech.

　9.A)　The　ｗｅather is mild　compａred ｔo ｔhe pａｓt　yｅａrｓ.

　　B) Thｅy are ｈaving tｈe cｏｌdesｔ wiｎｔeｒ ｅver.

Ｃ) Ｔhe　wｅatheｒ will soon get warmer.

　D） The wｅaｔheｒ mａｙ　get evｅn cｏlder.

　10.Ａ)　A　ｍystery　stoｒｙ.

B）　The hiring oｆ ａ ｓhop asｓｉsｔanｔ.

　　C) Ｔｈe　ｓearch ｆoｒ　a reliaｂle wiｔnesｓ．

D) An　ｕｎsoｌveｄ case ｏｆ robbery.

Section B

　　Dirｅctionｓ： Ｉn　ｔhis　sectｉon, yoｕ wilｌ hｅaｒ 3 sｈoｒt passages． Aｔ the end　ｏf each

paｓsａgｅ，　you　wilｌ ｈｅar sｏme ｑｕｅstiｏｎs. Ｂoth the passage and the　quesｔions will be　sｐｏkeｎ only　ｏｎce． Afteｒ yoｕ ｈｅar a　questｉon, ｙou must chｏｏse ｔhe　ｂesｔ answer from ｔｈe fｏur　choiｃes marked A), B）, C) and D）． Ｔheｎ maｒk ｔhe ｃorrespondｉng letteｒ　on　the Anｓwer Shｅet with a ｓingｌe line throｕgh　the cｅntre.

Paｓsａgｅ One

　 ｑuesｔiｏns　１1 to 14　arｅ baseｄ on the　ｐaｓsａｇe you haｖe jｕsｔ heard.

11.A) Ｔhey ｗant to　change the ｗａy　Eｎglish ｉs ｔaught.

　　B)　They ｌeaｒn Ｅnglish　to find　wella2ｐaid ｊobｓ．

　C) Theｙ　ｗａnt to ｈaｖe an uｐa2to　ｄａte　knowlｅdge of Engｌｉsh.

　 D） Theｙ　ｋｎow clearly what tｈeｙ want ｔo lｅarn．

　　1２.A)　Proｆessionａｌs.

B) Cｏlｌege　ｓtudents.

　Ｃ） Beginneｒｓ.

　 D) Ｉｎｔermediate ｌeaｒｎers.

　13.A） Ｃoｕrses　fｏｒ doctors.

　　Ｂ)　Coursｅs fｏr　busｉnｅssmen.

Ｃ) Ｃourｓes for repｏrters．

Ｄ）　Courses for lａｗyｅrs.

　14.A) Tｈｒｅe grouｐs　of lｅａrｎerｓ．

　　Ｂ） The　iｍｐortaｎｃe of　busｉneｓs Eｎglish.

　　C) Ｅngｌish　for Spｅcific Purposeｓ．

Ｄ) Feaｔures of　Eｎｇｌiｓｈ for　ｄifferｅnt　purｐoｓes.

　　Ｐａssage Two

　 Quｅｓtions １5　to 17 are ｂasｅd on the passagｅ you hａve jｕst heａrd.

1５.A)　To　ｓｈoｗ　oｆｆ ｔｈｅir ｗealth.

　　B) To　feel ｇood.

　　C) To regain their meｍｏry．

D)　Tｏ bｅ diｆfereｎt frｏm otherｓ.

　16.Ａ) Ｔo help　solｖe tｈeir psychｏlogiｃaｌ prｏblems.

　　Ｂ) Tｏ　play　games witｈ thｅm．

　 C)　To sｅnd ｔｈｅm to tｈe hｏspital.

D) Ｔo　mａke　ｔｈem ａwarｅ of　ｉts hａｒmfulnｅss.

　　1７.A)　They need carｅ anｄ affeｃtｉon.

　Ｂ）　They　ａre fond　ｏf rｏunda2thｅa2world trips.

　Ｃ) They are mostlｙ from　bｒｏkeｎ fａmilｉes.

　 D） They aｒe likely　to cｏmmit crimeｓ.

Pasｓagｅ　Three

Quｅｓtiｏｎs 18　ｔo 2０　aｒe bａsed ｏn ｔhe paｓｓage you　ｈaｖe jusｔ heard.

　 １8.Ａ) Ｂecauｓe iｔ was　ｔoｏ heａｖy．

　　B) Becaｕse it　dｉd noｔ beｎｄ eaｓily.

C) Ｂｅcausｅ iｔ ｄid　not shｏｏｔ far.

　 D）　Ｂecａuｓe its strｉng ｗaｓ　ｓｈoｒｔ.

　　19.Ａ) It wｅnt out of usｅ ３00　yeａrｓ ago.

　　Ｂ) Iｔ was invｅnｔｅd ａfｔeｒ tｈe shoｒtbow

　 Ｃ) Ｉt was diｓcovｅreｄ bｅｆore fiｒｅ and tｈe　wｈeel.

D) Ｉt＇s sｔiｌl in　ｕse todａy.

　　２0．A） Tｈey aｒe accuｒate　ａnｄ easy to　pull.

　　B) Ｔｈeir ｓhoｏｔinｇ rangｅ　is　4０ yards.

　C) Theｙ　aｒe ｕsually used　indoors．

　Ｄ) Theｙ took 100 yeａｒs to　develop．

　　Parｔ II Ｖoｃabｕlary and Sｔructurｅ (20 minutｅｓ)

Dｉrections: Ｔherｅ are 30 ｉncomｐlｅｔｅ　ｓｅntｅnces ｉn ｔhiｓ　paｒt.　Fｏr eacｈ sｅntence tｈeｒe　ａre fｏｕｒ choiｃｅs　ｍarked A), B), Ｃ）　aｎd D). Choose tｈe Onｅ　ansｗer that bｅst complｅteｓ　the seｎtenｃe. tｈen mark the correspｏndiｎg letter on the Ａｎswｅｒ Ｓheeｔ wｉth a ｓinｇlｅ　ｌｉne tｈrｏｕｇh the cenｔｒｅ．

　21.　Ａs　we can no longｅr waｉｔ ｆor　tｈe dｅｌiｖeｒy of our oｒder, ｗe　ｈaｖe tｏ _＿it．

Ａ） poｓtpone Ｂ） ｒｅfusｅ Ｃ) delay Ｄ） cａnceｌ

22. ｔｈｅse　books,　whｉｃh ｙｏu caｎ get at anｙ　ｂｏokshop, wilｌ　gｉve yｏｕ　_______ ｙou ｎeed.

　 Ａ) aｌl thｅ infｏrmation Ｂ）　aｌｌ tｈe iｎformａtiｏns

　　C） alｌ　of informatioｎ　D）　all　ｏf the iｎｆormａtions

　 23. Ｎot uｎtil　the ｇamｅ ｈaｄ　bｅgun_＿_____ ａt ｔhe　ｓportｓ grｏund.

　　A)　ｈaｄ hｅ arｒiｖeｄ Ｂ）　woｕld he　have arrｉｖｅd

　　C) diｄ　hｅ arrive D) should ｈe ｈavｅ aｒriveｄ

　 24. Young peopｌｅ are nｏt　_______ to　stand ａnd look at　wｏrkｓ oｆ ａrt； thｅy waｎｔ art tｈey

　 ｃan pａrtｉcipate ｉn．

　A） conservatｉve Ｂ)　ｃonteｎt　C) confｉdent　D) ｇenerouｓ

　 25. Most　broａdcaｓｔerｓ　ｍaｉntａin that TV has bｅｅn　uｎfａiｒly cｒiｔｉｃized ａnd argｕe ｔhａt thｅ

　poｗｅr oｆ　thｅ mｅdium iｓ _______.

　 A)　graｎted B) impｌiｅd　Ｃ) exaggeraｔed D） remeｄｉeｄ

26.　Tｈese　sｕrveys indiｃａｔｅ that ｍａｎy　criｍes go __＿＿___ by ｔhe poｌiｃe，　mainly ｂｅcause

　 not aｌl victims reporｔ them.

　　A) uｎrecorded B） ｔo be unrecorded C) unreｃorｄing　D） to　ｈavｅ been　uｎrecｏrded

　　２７. I　hａve no ｏbjeｃｔｉｏn __＿____ your sｔory aｇain.

　　A) tｏ hear Ｂ) ｔｏ hearｉｎg Ｃ） to having heａｒd D) to have　heard

　 28. Ｔhe cｌｏtｈes a pｅrson wears may express his _____＿_　or socｉaｌ pｏsitｉon.

　A) cｕriｏsｉty B) ｓtatｕs　Ｃ） detｅrminatiｏn　D）　siｇniｆicａｎce

　　29． Bｙ lａｗ, wheｎ onｅ makeｓ a　lａrｇe purcｈａｓe， he shoulｄ　ｈave _____＿_　ｏpｐortunity to

　　chａnge　hｉs mｉnd.

　　Ａ) aｃcuraｔe B) uｒgｅnt Ｃ)　ｅｘcessｉvｅ　D） aｄvertisｉng

　30． Yoｕ wｉll sｅｅ thｉｓ pｒoduct _____＿＿ wherｅver ｙou go．

　A) to　bｅ adveｒtiｓｅd B) advertised C）　ａdverｔise D） advertｉsinｇ

　 ３1． Thｅ eaｒlｙ　pioｎｅｅｒｓ had tｏ ＿＿＿____　maｎy　hardｓhiｐs to settle ｏｎ　ｔhe nｅw　ｌａnd．

A) go aｌonｇ with　B） gｏ ｂack　ｏｎ C) gｏ thrｏugh Ｄ)　ｇo　into

　　32. Tｈe　ｓuｇｇestion　that thｅ mａyｏr ＿＿___＿＿　they ｐrizes　wａｓ acｃｅｐteｄ by evｅryoｎｅ.

A） wｏuld ｐrｅｓeｎt B) ｐrｅsent Ｃ)　ｐrｅｓeｎｔs　D) ｏｕgｈt to ｐｒesｅnt

　 ３3.　Ｂｅｅｒ is　thｅ ｍost　ｐopｕｌar dｒiｎk among ｍale dｒinkers, ___＿___ overａll consuｍptiｏn is

　　siｇniｆｉcａntlｙ hiｇher than ｔhat ｏf ｗｏmen．

A) whｏse B)　wｈiｃh　C) that D) whaｔ

　 34.　Peｔer, whｏ　had　ｂeｅn driｖing　all　day, sugｇeｓted ____＿＿_ at ｔｈe　nｅxｔ tｏwn.

A） tｏ ｓtop B) ｓtoｐpiｎｇ C) ｓtop D) having stｏｐped

　 ３5．　Ｉ dｉdn't　know ｔhｅ　worｄ．　Ｉ had　to _＿＿__＿_ a diｃtionaｒy.

　A) ｌｏoｋ ｏｕt Ｂ） mａke out C)　refer ｔｏ　Ｄ)　go　ｏver

　 36. Ｔhe　pｒｏfessor could hardly ｆind suｆfｉcieｎt groｕnｄs _______ his argumenｔs in favｏur

　　oｆ ｔhe new　theory.

A)　to　bｅ basｅd on B) to base on　C） which to　ｂａse　ｏn D) ｏｎ wｈiｃh　ｔo bａse

　 37. Thｅre arｅ　signs ＿＿__＿＿＿ ｒesｔauraｎts　are ｂecoming　morｅ populａr wｉtｈ　famiｌｉes.

Ａ)　ｔhat B） whｉｃh Ｃ) in wｈiｃh D) ｗhｏse

　 3８． Ｉ think I was　at　schooｌ，　＿_＿__＿_ I was sｔaying with a frieｎd dｕrinｇ　the vacatｉon

　　whｅn I heａｒd ｔhe　newｓ.

　 Ａ） oｒ ｅlsｅ Ｂ）　ａnd　then Ｃ)　or sｏ D) ｅｖen　so

39. It is　said that　thｅ ｍath　tｅacｈer sｅeｍs ____＿_＿ toｗarｄs brigｈt studenｔs.

　　A) partial B)　beｎｅficiａl C）　ｐreｆerable D） ｌｉａbｌe

　40.　In oｒdeｒ to show his boss ｗｈａｔ ａ　careful ｗｏrｋer　hｅ　wａｓ,　he took __＿__＿_ tｒouble

　　ｏｖer the　figurｅs．

　 A) extensive Ｂ) sｐａrｅ Ｃ) extra D) supreme

　 4１. ——"Ｍaｙ Ｉ speａk　ｔｏ yｏｕr manaｇｅr Mr. Wｉｌlｉams aｔ fｉve o＇clock　toｎight?"

——"Ｉ'm sorｒy.　M.　Wilｌｉams　____＿_＿ to a coｎferｅｎce ｌｏnｇ ｂｅfｏｒe then."

A) wiｌl hａve　gone　B)　had gone C) wｏuld ｈａｖe gｏnｅ D) has gone

　４２. You ____＿_＿ him　sｏ closeｌy;　yoｕ　ｓhould have kept your disｔaｎcｅ.

A) sｈoｕｌdn't follｏｗ B)　mustｎ't foｌｌow

　　C) ｃoulｄｎ'ｔ hａve ｂｅen folloｗing Ｄ) ｓｈouｌdn't　haｖｅ　beｅｎ ｆollowｉｎｇ

　　43．　Tｈe ｇｒowth　of partａ2ｔｉｍe ａｎd　ｆlexible　ｗorkｉng patｔerns,　aｎd oｆ traiｎｉng aｎｄ ｒetrainiｎg schemeｓ, ＿_＿＿_＿_ moｒe　woｍeｎ tｏ　take　ａdvantage ｏf employment　oｐportunｉtｉes.

　　A) ｈave ａllowｅｄ　Ｂ) aｌloｗ C) alloｗｉng D)　alｌｏwｓ

　　44.　Evｅrｙｂody _＿_＿＿__ ｉn　tｈe ｈａlｌ whｅre they ｗeｒｅ ｗｅlcomed ｂy　the secｒetary．

　　Ａ) aｓseｍbled　B) accｕmulatｅd C) ｐileｄ　Ｄ) joｉneｄ

　 ４5.　Puttinｇ in　a new windoｗ　will _＿_____　ｃuｔｔinｇ away part ｏf the ｒoof.

Ａ) incluｄe Ｂ) inｖolve　C) contaiｎ D） comｐrｉse

　46． Liviｎg in　the weｓtｅｒn paｒt　oｆ ｔhｅ counｔry　hａs　its　prｏblems, _______　obtaｉniｎg

　　freｓh watｅr　iｓ ｎｏt ｔｈe leasｔ.

A) ｗith　whiｃh Ｂ) ｆor ｗhiｃｈ Ｃ)　oｆ which D） which

４7. Ｉn thｅ _______ of the projeｃｔ ｎｏt　ｂeinｇ a　succesｓ, thｅ ｉnｖestors stand　to losｅ up

　ｔo　＄3０ miｌｌion．

　A) ｆace　B)　time　C)　ｅｖｅｎt D)　course

　4８. The manaｇer woｕld　ratheｒ his ｄaughtｅr ____＿__ ｉn the　samｅ office.

Ａ） ｈａd　not wｏrkeｄ B） nｏt　to wｏrｋ Ｃ) dｏes ｎot ｗorｋ　D) ｄid　not worｋ

　４９. __＿＿_＿＿, he doｅs　geｔ annoyｅd　ｗith her　sｏｍｅtimes.

A)　Ａlthouｇh much　he　ｌｉｋes ｈｅｒ B） Mｕch　altｈoｕｇh ｈe likｅs heｒ

C） Ａs hｅ　likｅｓ ｈer　ｍｕcｈ　D) Muｃｈ aｓ ｈｅ ｌikeｓ her

　　５0．　The Brｉtｉsh　consｔitｕtion ｉs　_____＿＿ ａ largｅ extent a pｒoｄuct of ｔｈe ｈistｏrical

　ｅvｅｎｔs ｄescribed above.

Ａ) withｉn B) tｏ C） by　Ｄ) at

　 Part　IIＩ Rｅadiｎg　Compreheｎsion　（35 miｎutes)

　Ｄirectiｏns： Theｒｅ　arｅ ４ pasｓages in ｔhiｓ paｒｔ. Ｅach　pasｓaｇe is fｏllowｅd by sｏme

questｉoｎs ｏr unｆinｉshｅd ｓtaｔements. For eａch　of ｔhem ｔheｒe ａrｅ ｆｏur cｈoicｅs ｍaｒked A), B),　C) aｎｄ D). Ｙou sｈould　deciｄe on ｔhｅ beｓｔ ｃhoiｃｅ anｄ mark　the　cｏrresponｄing letｔｅr　on the Answeｒ Ｓhｅｅt　wiｔｈ　a ｓiｎｇlｅ line ｔhrｏugh the centｒｅ．

　 Paｓsagｅ　Ｏne

Questions 51 to 55 are ｂａｓeｄ ｏn the foｌlowing ｐaｓsage:

　　Long afteｒ ｔhｅ 1998 World　Ｃuｐ　ｗas　won, diｓaｐpｏinted faｎｓ weｒe　still cuｒsinｇ thｅ

　 dispｕted　refereｅｉｎｇ (裁判） deciｓionｓ ｔhat dｅｎiｅd ｖicｔory to tｈeir teａm. A reseａrｃhｅr　wａs　apｐｏinted to studｙ the pｅrfoｒｍaｎce　oｆ some　tｏp rｅｆｅrees．

　Ｔhe ｒｅsearcher ｏｒｇanｉzed ａn ｅxperiｍｅｎｔaｌ toｕrｎａmｅnｔ　(锦标赛）　inｖoｌvｉｎg fｏuｒ youth teａms. Ｅａch　mａｔch lasｔｅd ａｎ ｈour,　diviｄed into tｈrｅe perioｄs　of 20 minｕteｓ　duｒinｇ which dｉfferenｔ referｅes ｗeｒe　in　charｇｅ.

　　Ｏｂserveｒs noted down the referｅeｓ＇　erｒoｒs, ｏｆ whｉcｈ　ｔhｅｒe were 61 oveｒ thｅ toｕrnaｍｅｎt.　Ｃoｎverｔed　to ａ sｔａndard mａtｃｈ　ｏf 90 minutes, each refeｒｅe mａde ａｌmost 23 mistaｋeｓ， a reｍarｋａbly hｉgh numbｅr.

Ｔｈe ｒeseａｒcher then　stｕｄied the　vidｅotaｐes ｔｏ anａlysｅ the matches iｎ detaiｌ． Suｒprisｉngly, ｈe fｏund tｈaｔ eｒrors　were morｅ likｅｌy when ｔhｅ referees ｗeｒe cloｓe tｏ the ｉncｉｄent.　When thｅ ｏfficialｓ got iｔ ｒight, tｈｅｙ were,　ｏn averagｅ， 1７ meters away fｒom the　actiｏｎ.　Ｔhe　ａｖerage disｔance　in thｅ　cａse ｏｆ errors ｗａs　12 meters．　Thｅ　ｒesearch shoｗｓ ｔhe oｐｔimum (最佳旳)　diｓtaｎce is abouｔ 20　ｍeterｓ．

Theｒe also　seemed ｔo be an　ｏｐtimｕm speeｄ.　Coｒrｅct decisiｏns ｃame when tｈe referees were　moving aｔ a speed of aboｕｔ 2　meｔerｓ ｐeｒ second． The ａvｅragｅ speed ｆoｒ ｅrrｏrs was ４　meteｒs per secoｎd.

　 Iｆ FＩFA,　ｆootball's inteｒnational　ruling　boｄｙ, wants to improｖｅ　the stａｎdaｒd of

　 rｅfeｒeeｉnｇ ａt　tｈe next Woｒlｄ　Cup, it sｈould encourage ｒefeｒeｅs to kｅeｐ ｔheir　eyeｓ on thｅ　ａctｉｏｎ from ａ ｄistanｃｅ, rather ｔｈan rusｈiｎg to kｅep up witｈ　thｅ ball, tｈe　rｅsearchｅｒ ａrgues.

　He also ｓays that FIＦA's inｓiｓtｅncｅ ｔｈat ｒefｅrees shｏuｌｄ retiｒe at age ４5　mａｙ be

　　misguided. Iｆ　keepinｇ up　wｉth the aｃtion　ｉs not so　importanｔ, their　physｉcal coｎdiｔiｏn　is lesｓ ｃritiｃal.

　 ５1. Tｈe ｅxｐeriment condｕcｔed　by thｅ ｒeｓeａrcheｒ was ｍeant　ｔo __＿_＿＿_.

A）　revｉｅw　tｈｅ decisiｏns　of ｒefeｒｅｅs ａt ｔhe 19９8 Ｗorld Cup

　 B) anａｌｙse　ｔhe ｃａｕsｅs of　ｅｒrｏrｓ made　by　football reｆeｒees

C)　set a　sｔandarｄ for　ｆootbalｌ reｆeｒeeiｎg

　52． The numbｅr　ｏf reｆereeinｇ erroｒs in the exｐｅrｉｍeｎtal matcｈes ｗas _＿____＿．

Ａ) slｉgｈｔly above average B)　higher ｔhan in ｔhｅ 19９8 Ｗorｌd Cup

Ｃ) quｉtｅ unｅxpecｔeｄ D) as high as ｉn a staｎｄard match

53. The　ｆindings oｆ ｔhe　eｘpｅriment show　ｔhat _＿__＿__.

　　A)　eｒrors are　mｏre likeｌy　when　a reｆereｅ ｋeｅps closｅ to thｅ　ｂall

B) thｅ fａrther　tｈe refｅｒee ｉs ｆrom thｅ inｃｉdent, ｔhｅ　ｆewer the errors

　C)　tｈe more sｌｏwｌy　the　referee ｒunｓ, the ｍorｅ ｌikelｙ　wｉll errors ｏccｕr

　Ｄ) eｒrorｓ　ａｒｅ ｌess　ｌikely ｗｈen a　reｆeree stａys　ｉn oｎe spot

5４. The ｗord "officials" （Line 2,　Para. 4） most proｂａbly　ｒｅfeｒｓ　to　＿＿__＿__.

　　A) the resｅarcｈers iｎvolveｄ　in ｔhｅ expeｒimｅｎt

　 B) thｅ insｐectors of　the ｆoｏｔball tournament

　　C)　the referｅｅs of ｔｈｅ footｂall tournaｍent

Ｄ) tｈe observers at ｔｈe sｉtｅ　of tｈｅ　experimeｎt

　55．　What iｓ one　of ｔhe　ｐoｓsｉble　conｃｌusｉoｎｓ ｏf　ｔhe ｅxperimｅnt?

　　A)　Ｔhe　ideａｌ rｅtirｅment　ａge for an　ｅxｐeｒienced　fｏotball ｒefｅreｅ ｉs ４5.

　 Ｂ) Agｅ　shoｕld　noｔ bｅ the cｈieｆ conｓiｄerａtion iｎ ｃhoosiｎg　ａ football ｒeferｅｅ．

　 C) A foｏtball rｅfereｅ shouｌd be　aｓ ｙoung and　enerｇｅtic ａs　possibｌe.

　 Ｄ)An　eｘperiｅnｃed ｆoｏtｂａｌl　rｅferｅe ｃan ｄo　wｅｌｌ eｖen when　ｉｎ poｏr phｙsicaｌ coｎdition.

Passagｅ Tｗo

Ｑｕestions　56 ｔo 60　arｅ ｂased　on ｔhe　foｌloｗinｇ ｐaｓsaｇe:

　　Whｉle still iｎ iｔs early stａgeｓ，　weｌfａrｅ　reforｍ hａs alreadｙ ｂｅｅn jｕdged　ａ grｅat

　sｕcｃess ｉn maｎｙ states ?a ａt ｌeａst　ｉn geｔting peoplｅ ｏff welfａre. Ｉt's ｅstimａteｄ

thaｔ ｍoｒｅ thaｎ 2 millｉｏn pｅople have　leｆｔ thｅ roｌlｓ since 1９94．

　 In tｈe ｐast　four　ｙｅarｓ， welfａre　rｏlls in Ａthens　Ｃoｕnty have been ｏut　iｎ　half.　But 70 ｐｅrｃent oｆ　the people ｗho left in ｔhe ｐasｔ　two ｙｅaｒｓ took jｏbs　thaｔ paid lesｓ　thaｎ $6 an hour． The ｒesuｌｔ:　The Aｔｈｅns County ｐｏveｒty rate　stiｌl ｒｅｍains at ｍｏｒe ｔhan 3０　ｐeｒcent——twicｅ the ｎationａｌ average．

　 Foｒ ａdvocａｔes (代言人)ｆor the ｐooｒ, ｔhａｔ'ｓ　ａn iｎｄicatｉon mucｈ morｅ　ｎeeds to bｅ doｎe．

　　"Ｍore ｐeoplｅ ａre gｅtting ｊobs， but　it's　noｔ　maｋing thｅiｒ lｉves ａny　better，"　sａｙｓ　Kaｔｈy Ｌairn，ａ　policｙ ａnalｙsｔ aｔ　ｔhｅ　Center oｎ Ｂudget　aｎd Policy Prｉｏｒitiｅs in Ｗaｓhington.

A center analysis of　US Cenｓus data　nａｔiｏnｗide　ｆoｕnd ｔhat ｂeｔｗｅeｎ １995　and 1996,

　a grｅａｔer percｅntaｇe ｏｆ sｉnｇle， feｍａleａ2ｈeaｄｅd　houｓehｏｌds　weｒe　ｅarnｉng ｍｏｎey on ｔheｉr own, buｔ tｈat avｅrage iｎcome ｆｏr these hｏuseholds ａｃtuａllｙ　weｎt dｏｗn.

bｕt for maｎy, the　facｔ that poor pｅople aｒｅ abｌe to sｕpｐort themselveｓ almoｓｔ aｓ

　wｅll wiｔhout　ｇoｖernment aid as they diｄ　wｉｔh it