定语从句注意事项.doc

定语从句注意事项
一、 定语从句中宜用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词是不定代词或被形容词最高级,序数词（包括the first, the last等）或被any, much, few, some, the only, the very, little, no, every等修饰时
[eg.] We should do all that is useful to the people.
[eg.] Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday.
[eg.] You can take any seat that is free.
[eg.] That is the very word that is wrongly used.
[eg.] This is only one of the evidences that reveal his crime.
[eg.] This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
[eg.] This is the best that can be done now.
[eg.] the most important thing that he should do is how to stop him from going on.
2．先行词既有人又有物。
[eg.] The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.
3．先行词为表语的时候，或者关系带词本身是定语从句的表语，宜用that。
[eg.] This is a good book that will help you a lot.
[eg.] My home village is no longer the place that it used to be.
4.关系代词作表语（只限于限制性定语从句），只能用that引导
[eg.] My village is no longer the poor place that it used to be.
5.先行词是way, moment, reason, distance, time等时可用that,且可省略。
[eg.] I told him the way that he worked out the problem.
[eg.] All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty seconds the earth moved
6. 当先行词有the same,先行词和关系代词指同一事物时，用that.
[eg.] This is the same bike that I lost.
二.As引导的定语从句
1.在限制性定语从句中，as多和such/the same连用
[eg.] I bought the same pen as you bought the other day.(类似)
[eg.] this is such an exciting game as we all want to see.
( 比较This is such an exciting game that we all want to see it.)
[eg.] Such films as you describe can’t be shown at all.

2. 在非限制性定语从句中，as常与实义动词see, know, hear, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expect, guess等连用，as指的是它前面的整个主句
[eg.] Shakespeare is a famous writer, as we all know.
[eg.] She is very patient, as is shown in his work.
注：在非限制性定语从句中，which, as都可指代整个主句内容，as放在句首或句尾，但 which只能放在句尾。
[eg.] There was a net bar around here. as I remember.

[eg.] The teacher praised him for his rapid progress , which made him very happy.

三.”介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句
1) 介词+which（介词后不能加that） ,常相当于when, where, why.
[eg.] The woman general still remembers the day on which she joined the army.
[eg.] This is the office in which I used to work.
[eg.] There are varieties of ways in which we can solve this problem.
[eg.]I’d like you to explain the reason for which you were absent.
2) 名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词,通常在从句中作主语
[eg.]China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan Island.
[eg.]I read some books, the covers of which are yellow with years.
3)介词+关系代词+名词
[eg.]He goes to bed at ten, at which time his brother locks all the doors and windows.
[eg.]Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003,during which time he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Student’ Union.
4)介词+whose +名词
[eg.]The boss in whose department Mr. King worked had heard about the accident.
5) 介词+whom
[eg.]Present at the meeting were almost experts on DNA, most of whom came from the USA.
四. 关系代词前介词的确定
1) 依据定语从句中动词所需的某种习惯搭配来确定.
[eg.] I bought a great many books , on which I spent all my money that I saved.
2) 依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定
[eg.] I’ll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
3) 依据所表达的意思来确定
[eg.] The colorless gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.
五. 使用关系代词还是关系副词
[eg.]I will remember the day when/on which I left my hometown for ever.
[eg.]I often think of the days that I spent in Brown’s last summer.
[eg.]He kept laughing during the two hours (that) it took to fly to Beijing.
[eg.]This is the place where/in which he works.
[eg.]This is the place that/which we visited last month.
[eg.]This is the way which/that he told me.
[eg.]This is the way in which he worked out the problem.
六.whose引导的定语从句,既可以指人也可指物
[eg.]This is the boy whose father is a docter.
[eg.]This is the house whose roof is blue.
当先行词为物时,可以用whose+n.=the +n. +of which
[eg.]This is the house ,the roof of which is blue.
七.定语从句的主谓一致
1) [eg.] The recorder that has been given to me is home_made.
[eg.] I, who am your classmate , will share the work with you.
2) “one of +复数名词”位于关系代词前作先行词时,从句的动词通常用复数,但当one前有the (only), the (very)等修饰时,从句的谓语动词要用单数.
[eg.] He is one of the students who have made great progress.
[eg.] Mr. Wang is the (only ) one of my friends who has been invited to have dinner with us.