1、写作话题词汇中文释义 关键词汇:subject/discipline/area/ 关键搭配: 核心课程 core subject, main subject, 额外课程 additional subject, 文科 arts/science subject, 学科 academic subject 关键词汇:curriculum 关键搭配: 多种课程 diverse curriculum, wide curriculum, broad curricu
2、lum, areas of curriculum 关键词汇: high school 关键搭配: 初中生 junior high , 高中生 senior high 关键词汇: education 关键搭配: 博雅教育 a liberal arts education, 职业教育 a vocational education, 高等教育 tertiary education, 义务教育/普及教育 compulsory education, 应试教育 test-oriented education 关键
3、词汇: college, university , institution of higher education 关键搭配: 上大学 go to a college (university, 高等教育机构 an institution of higher education) 上大学 attend a college (university, an institution of higher education), 大学生 coll
4、ege (university) students 大学毕业生 graduate from college (university) , 大学毕业 finish college (university), 校方 school (university, college) authorities 关键词汇: undergraduate 关键搭配: 大学二年级学生 a second year undergraduate, 本科生 undergraduate students (courses, degrees) 关键词汇: fresh
5、man 关键搭配: 大学一年级 fresh man year, first year, 大一学生 fresh man 关键词汇: sophomore 关键搭配: 大学二年级 sophomore year, second year, 大学二年级学生 a sophomore 关键词汇:junior 关键搭配: 大学三年级 junior year, the third year, 大学三年级学生 a junior 关键词汇: senior 关键搭配: 大学四年级
6、 senior year, the fourth year, 大学四年级学生 a senior 关键词汇: degree, diploma, certificate 关键搭配: 学士学位 a bachelor’s degree, 文科学士学位 Bachelor of Arts, 理科学士学位 Bachelor of Sciences, 硕士学位 postgraduate, graduate a master’s degree, 考博 a doctorial candidate, 博士学位 a Ph. D d
7、egree, 授予学位 confer a degree, 获得学位 receive a degree 关键词汇:paper, thesis, dissertation 关键搭配: 写论文 draft( prepare, produce, write, issue, publish, release) a paper/thesis/dissertation 关键词汇: homework, 关键搭配: 留作业 assign homework to students, 完成作业 complete (finish) homework
8、 关键词汇: campus 关键搭配: 大学校园 college (university campus), 住在校内 live on the campus, 住在校外 live off the campus 关键词汇: school, faculty, department 关键搭配: 医学院、法学院 a medical or law school, 法律系 the Faculty of Law, 工程系 the Engineering Faculty 关键词汇: concentration 关键搭配:
9、 专业领域 a field of specialization , 专注于建筑、商业、旅游、法律、医学 concentrate in architecture(business, journalism, law, medicine) 关键词汇:organization, group 关键搭配: 学生组织 student organizations, 学生会 a students' union (student government, student council) , 课外小组 extracurricular groups 报团、歌舞团
10、 newspapers, singing groups, 政治团体 political groups, 志愿者项目 volunteer programs, 大学生联谊会 fraternities and sororities 关键词汇:examination 关键搭配: 入学考试 entrance examination (test), 准备考试 prepare for examination , revise for examination, study for examination, 参加考试 enter fo
11、r examination, 难度大的考试 stiff (tough, difficult) examination, 选拔考试 selection examination, 期末考试 end of term exam, end of year exam , final exam 关键词汇:grade 关键搭配: 高分 excellent (good, high, top) grade, 低分 low (poor) grade, 平均分 average (mean) grade, 获得高分 get (receive, ac
12、hieve, attain) an excellent grade 关键词汇:courses 关键搭配: 学分累积 accumulation of course credits , 规定科目 prescribed courses (U.S.), 必修课 compulsory courses 关键词汇:class 关键搭配: 课程出勤 attend class, 高出勤率 high class attendance, 低出勤率 poor (low) class attendance, 逃课 sk
13、ip class, 旷课 be absent from class, absence from class 关键词汇:motivation 关键搭配: 主要动机/基本动力 main ( primary, real ,underlying) motivation, 缺少动力 high (strong) motivation, lack | lose motivation, 提升动力 improve( increase, strengthen, generate, provide) motivation ; 内加动机,外加动机
14、 intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation. 关键词汇:teacher 关键搭配: 有实力,有经验的教师 competent(good, inspired, skilled, qualified, experienced, senior) teacher; 实力欠缺,经验不足的教师 bad ( incompetent, inexperienced) teachers , 大学教师 college( primary school, university) teachers, 各种学科教师 EFL (English
15、 history, maths, music, PE etc.) teachers 以教师为中心的课堂,以学生为中心的课堂 Teacher-centered classroom—(Student-centered classroom) 关键词汇:creativity 关键搭配: 非凡(艺术,音乐)创造力 great (artistic, musical) creativity; 培养(鼓励,刺激)创造力 develop( encourage, stimulate) creativity; 阻碍创造力 inhibit (stifle) one’s creati
16、vity 关键词汇:pollution, contamination 关键搭配: 大气污染 air(atmospheric)pollution, 环境污染,海洋(河流,水域)污染 environmental pollution, marine (river, water)pollution, 化学污染(工业,核,铅,硝酸盐)污染 chemical( industrial, nuclear lead, nitrate)pollution, 噪声污染 noise pollution. 导致(避免,防止,减轻,控制,阻止)污染 cause
17、 (avoid, prevent, combat, control, fight) pollution ; 减少污染 cut, limit, minimize, reduce pollution 污染物 pollutant, contaminant 关键词汇:ecosystem , sustainable development 关键搭配: 生态平衡 the balance of the ecosystem, 保持生态平衡 preserve (maintain) the balance of the ecosystem, 生态友好
18、eco-friendly 获得可持续发展 achieve the sustainable development; 生态平衡 ecological balance/equilibrium 关键词汇:environment 关键搭配: 自然(全球,世界,当地)环境 natural (global, world, local) environment; 保护环境 preserve (protect, safeguard, protect) the environment. 环境保护 conservation/protection
19、of the environment, 环境破坏 damage to the environment; 环境破坏最小化 minimize damage to the environment, 有害于环境 harmful to the environment; 对环境产生影响 have an impact on the environment; 环境破坏 environmental degradation/deterioration, 环保意识的 environmentally-consciou
20、s 关键词汇:carbon 关键搭配: 二氧化碳 carbon dioxide, 低炭生活 low-carbon life 关键词汇: exhaust 关键搭配: 汽车(车辆,柴油,汽油)尾气 car (vehicle diesel, petrol, diesel) exhaust 尾气排放(烟雾,气体,污染,烟) exhaust emission( fumes, gas, pollution, smoke) 关键词汇: species 关键搭配: 物种灭绝 species extinction,
21、 物种保护 species preservation 关键词汇:natural habitat 关键搭配: 自然栖息地的破坏 the destruction of natural habitats 关键词汇:soil 关键搭配: 肥沃的土壤 fertile soil, 贫瘠的土壤 infertile soil 关键词汇:waste 关键搭配: 有害物质 harmful (hazardous, poisonous, toxic) waste; 可循环废物 recyclable waste,
22、 农业废物 agricultural waste, 商业(工业,家庭)废物 commercial ( industrial, domestic, household) waste; 医用废物 hospital, medical waste, 核(放射性,化学,塑料,有机,动物)废物 nuclear( radioactive |chemical | plastic | organic | animal) waste; 食物 Food 能量 Energy 废物,垃圾 waste 关键词汇:energy 关键搭配:
23、可再生能源 renewable energy; 原子(核,太阳,潮汐,风)能 atomic ( nuclear, solar, wave, wind) energy, 替代性能源 alternative energy 产生太阳能 generate (produce, harness) solar energy; 提供能源 provide(supply) energy; 消耗能源 consume (use) energy; 保护能源 conserve (save) energy 关键词汇:chemical 关键搭
24、配: 危险化学物质 dangerous( harmful, hazardous, poisonous, toxic) chemical , 农业的 agricultural, 家庭的 household, 工业化学物质 industrial chemical 向湖泊河流倾倒化学物质 manufacture( produce, discharge) chemicals into our lakes and rivers; 暴露于危险的化学物质 exposed to dangerous chemicals. 化工厂 chemic
25、al factory, 工厂 plant, works, 化学反应 chemical reactions 关键词汇:resource 关键搭配: 重要资源 important (vital, adequate, sufficient ) resources, 稀缺资源 limited (scarce) resources, 可再生资源 renewable (sustainable, unlimited) resources, 有限资源 finite( limited, non-renewa
26、ble) resource, 可供给资源 available (additional, extra) resources; 自然资源 natural resources, 矿(石油,水)资源 mineral (oil, water) resources 关键词汇:effect 关键搭配: 重要作用 decisive (dramatic, far-reaching, important, marked, powerful, profound, significant) effect ; 消极影响 negative (adverse
27、 damaging, debilitating, deleterious, destructive, detrimental, devastating, disastrous, harmful, serious, traumatic) effect; 温室效应 greenhouse effect 产生作用 bring about (exert, have, produce) effect 关键词汇:movie 关键搭配: 大片 blockbuster/blockbusting movie, hit, smash-hit, 动作片 acti
28、on movie, 灾难片 disaster movie, 警匪片 gangster movie, 恐怖片 horror movie, 战争片 war movie; 黄色电影 blue, dirty, porn/porno movies. 电影院 movie theater, 动画片 motion pictures 关键词汇:actor/actress 关键搭配: 成就/天赋/天生的演员 accomplished (born, brilliant, consummate, experienced, talented,
29、wonderful) actor ; 著名演员 celebrated( famous, leading, principal) actors, 业余演员 amateur (professional ) actors, 喜剧演员 comedy/comic actors, 莎剧演员 Shakespearean actors, 好莱坞演员 Hollywood actors 关键词汇: 著名演员 马龙白兰度 Marlon Brando 梅尔吉布森 Mel Gibson 罗伯特德尼罗 Robert De Nero 阿尔帕西诺 Al
30、Pacino 汤姆汉克斯(《阿甘正传》,《拯救大兵瑞恩》) Tom Hanks (Forrest Gump, Saving Private Ryan) 汤姆克鲁斯(《雨人》,《碟中谍》) Tom Cruise (Rain Man, Mission: Impossible) 莱昂纳多迪卡普里奥(《泰坦尼克》) Leonardo DiCaprio (The Titanic) 演出 performance 导演 director 著名导演 阿尔弗莱德希区柯克(《后窗》,《精神病患者》) Alfred Hitchcock (Rear Window, Psycho)
31、 乔治卢卡斯(《星球大战》) George Lucas(Star Wars) 弗朗西斯 科波拉(《教父》) Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather) 马丁斯赛德斯(《出租汽车司机》) Martin Scorsese (Taxi Driver) 斯蒂文斯皮尔伯格(《ET外星人》《侏罗纪公园》《辛德勒名单》) Steven Spielberg (E.T., Jurassic Park, Schindler’s List,) 关键词汇:city 关键搭配: 市民 city dweller, 大城市 arge(major |
32、great)city, 古老的城市 ancient ( historic, old) city, 美丽的(工业/大都市/沿海)城市 beautiful (industrial | cosmopolitan | coastal) city, 家乡 home (native) city=hometown 关键词汇:facilities 关键搭配: 休闲设施 leisure(play, recreational, social , sporting) facilities; 交通设施 transport( travel) facilities,
33、 停车设施 parking facilities, 购物设施 shopping facilities, 饭店设施 canteen (dining, restaurant ) facilities, 洗衣设施 laundry (sanitary, shower, toilet, washing) facilities; 医疗设施 health (health care, medical) facilities 儿童设施 day care( childcare) facilities 关键词汇:stress, pressure,
34、strain, tension 关键搭配: 产生压力 cause (create )stress/pressure, 避免压力 avoid ( remove) stress, 增加压力 add to( increase) stress, 减少压力 reduce( relieve) stress, 遭受压力 suffer (from) stress 承受压力 cope with( handle, manage, stand) stress 巨大压力 great, high, sever
35、e, acute, considerable, extreme stress; 情感、精神压力 emotional ( mental, psychological, social) stress; 商业压力 economic(financial) stress, 压力来源 a source of stress, 处于压力之中 under stress, 日常压力 daily stress 关键词汇:worry, concern, care 关键搭配: 商业忧虑 business (economic, financial, mone
36、y, health) worries, 导致压力 arouse( prompt) worries 关键词汇:activity 关键搭配: 卷入 be involved in, 参加活动 engage in, participate in, take part in, undertake activity 关键词汇:free time, leisure 关键搭配: 休闲时光 leisure, free time, spare time, time off, 自由 freedom, 假期 vacat
37、ion, holiday 休息 relaxation, rest , 关键词汇: computer 关键搭配: 笔记本电脑 Laptop (notebook computer), 个人电脑 personal computer (PC), 大型计算机 mainframe computer, 超级计算机 super computer 便携式电脑 portable computers, 电脑游戏 computer games 运行、打开,关闭,登陆,退出,启动,停止,重启,链接电脑 run / switch
38、 on / switch off /log onto/ log off/| boot up, start up/ shut down/reboot, restart /link the computer 关键词汇: disk 关键搭配: 软盘 floppy disk, 光盘 compact disks (CD), 数字视频盘 digital video disks (DVD) 关键词汇: connection 关键搭配: 拨号连接 dial-up connection, 非对称数字用户线 ADSL (asymmetri
39、cal Digital Subscriber Line) connection, 电缆连接 cable connection, 无线连接 wireless connection 关键词汇:email 关键搭配: 写、发送邮件 write(send) an email, 接受、阅读、回复邮件 get (receive, read, reply to) an email 关键词汇: electronic 关键搭配: 电子游戏 electronic games, 电子记事本an electronic organizer (=a
40、small piece of electronic equipmentthat you can use to record addresses, phone numbers etc), 电子音乐 electronic music, 电子银行,电子出版 electronic banking, electronic publishing(=a system of producing books, magazines etc in a form that can be read on a computer); 电子生成的图表 electronically gener
41、ated graphics, 电子存储信息 electronically stored information, 电子商务 E-commerce 关键词汇:internet, online 关键搭配: 网络犯罪 Internet crime, 网络黄色 internet porn, 网络欺骗 nternet fraud, 网络聊天室 internet chat room, 在线新闻 online news, 在线天气预报 online weather broadcast,
42、在线买卖 online buying and selling, 在线音频、视频节目 online video and audio program; 搜索引擎 search engine, 在线音频,视频会议 online video and audio meeting 关键词汇:competition 关键搭配: 激烈的竞争 fierce( intense, keen, serious, severe, stiff, strong, tough intense) competition; 公平的、自由的、公开的
43、国内的,外国的,全球的,国际的竞争 fair ( free, healthy, open | domestic | foreign, global, international) competition; 赢得竞争 beat off, fight off competition 关键词汇:technique, skill 关键搭配: 沟通技巧 communication technique/skill, dating technique, 评价技巧 evaluation technique, 考试技巧 exam/examination
44、technique, 采访技巧 interview technique , 管理技巧 management technique, 生产技术、营销技术 manufacturing technique, marketing technique, 问题解决技术 problem-solving technique, 录音技术 recording technique, 放松的艺术 relaxation technique, 搜寻技术 research technique, 销售技术
45、 sales technique, 教学技术 teaching technique, 培训技术 training technique 关键词汇:job (word choice=work, post, position, occupation, profession, career) 关键搭配: 申请工作 apply for a job, 提供工作 offer somebody a job, 获得工作 land a job (=get a job), 坚守工作 hold down a job (=k
46、eep a job when this is difficult), 丢掉工作 lose a job, leave/quit a job, be out of a job, 临时工作 temporary job, part-time job, 稳定工作 permanent job, full-time job steady job, 工作成就感 job satisfaction, 工作满足感 职业安全 job security; 挑战性的工作 difficult (challenging, demanding, ta
47、xing) job 职务空缺 job vacancy, 工作申请 job application, 面试 job interview, 职业头衔 job title, 职业描述 job description, 找工作的人 job seeker, job hunter, 体面的工作 decent (worthwhile) job, 肥差 plum job, 美差 cushy job, 理想的职业 ideal (dream) job 关键词汇:p
48、romotion 关键搭配: 升职 gain (get, win) promotion, 当之无愧的升职 well-deserved promotion, 推荐sb升职 recommend sb for promotion 关键词汇:salary 关键搭配: 竞争力的薪水 competitive (high, generous, good, handsome) salary; 低、合理的,平均的,基础的,退休的、总工资 low ( reasonable | average | basic | pensionable | g
49、ross) salary 年、月、免税薪水 annual salary, monthly salary, tax-free salary 挣工资 earn (receive, increase, cut, decrease, reduce) salary 关键词汇:employment 关键搭配: 全职工作 paid (salaried, full-time, part-time) employment; 蓝领、白领工作 blue-collar, white-collar employment 关键词汇:determination 关键搭配:
50、 坚定决心 absolute (ruthless, single-minded, steely, strong) determination 充满决心 be full of determination, 有决心 have determination , express, signal determination 关键词汇:management 关键搭配: 有效管理 careful (competent, effective, efficient, firm, good, sound) management; 商业管理
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