2012英语高考考前必备.doc

2012高考英语考前抢分必备
在6月5日下午，利用两个小时做一套完整的模拟试卷；6月8号中午或者午休后，看一看需要强记的基础知识，即常见的短语和习语，易错词、易混词，常用句型。也许对下午的英语考试会有所帮助。

1. with pleasure (愿意地，乐意地) a pleasure / my pleasure (不用谢)
2. raised（使升高）（及物动词，带宾语） rise 上升 （不及物动词，不带宾语）
3. lie (撒谎) —lied —lied ---lying lie(躺) —lay —lain —lying
lay(放，产卵) — laid—laid—laying
4. as, what, it 三大句型
As is known to everyone, China is a country with a long history.
What is know to everyone is that China is a country with a long history.
It is known to everyone that China is a country with a long history.
5. such…that 和 such …as的识别
He is such a lovely boy that everyone loves him.
He is so lovely a boy as everyone loves. (看不到代词him)
6. what 的确定
Patience is what it takes to be a good teacher.
Patience is a quality (that/which) it takes to be a good teacher.
Beijing is the place in which / where the capital of our country is located.
Beijing is where the capital of our country is located. (只能用where)
7. 强调句型的识别
That he passed the examination made his parents very excited.
It was that he passed the examination that made his parents very excited.
Was it that he passed the examination that made his parents very excited?
I don’t know what it was that made his parents very excited
— What made his parents very excited?
— It was that he passed the examination (that made his parents very excited).或 That he passed the
examination
8. 虚拟语气的基本结构
时间
If 从句
主句
过去
if he had taken the teacher’s advice
he would/could/might have succeeded
现在
if he took the teacher’s advice
he would/could/might succeed
将来
if he took the teacher’s advice
if he should take the teacher’s advice
if he were to the teacher’s advice
注意：(1) If he had taken the teacher’s advice 3 months ago, he would succeed now.
(2) Had he taken the teacher’s advice, he would have succeeded.
(3) Should he take the teacher’s advice, he would succeed.
(4) Were he to take the teacher’s advice, he would succeed.
友情提醒：并非if 从句都是虚拟语气
(5) If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic.
9. except 和except for 的区别
except 是数量上的排除，except是整体中某一方面的排除
All the students except Tom went to the cinema last night.
Tom is a good boy except for his dishonesty.
Tom is a good boy except that he is dishonest.
10. 情态动词的识别
can — 有时会，可能会
must — 偏偏，偏要
should— 竟然，竟会
shall— 必须（表示“威胁，命令”）；可以（表示“允诺”）
…好吗？，要不要…？（表示“请示”）
may(可以) — mustn’t (不可以)
must (一定) — can’t (不可能)
must(必须) — needn’t (不必要)
must have done 一定做过…… (没有“必须要…”的意思)
should have done 本应该做…(就是我们误以为该用“must have done”的表达)
needn’t have done 本没必要做……
could have done 本可以做…….
11. it’s time 接一般过去时 （是该做某事的时间了）
It’s the first time 接现在完成时（某人第几次做某事）
12. as 做“虽然”讲时，一定不能放于句首。
Child as he is, he knows a lot about science.
13. 比较级的一种特殊结构
This room is twice the size of that one.
14. wish he would rather 接从句时，用特殊时态
I would rather you came here tomorrow.
15. 句子结构要看清
Who would you rather have go with you?
The day we were looking forward to came at last.
The bike Tom had had repaired the day before broke down again.
The young man you had clean the classroom yesterday is my cousin.
16. let / make/ have sb. do sth. get sb. to do sth.
没有make sb. doing sth.形式
notice / see/ find/ listen to/ hear sb. doing sth的被动形式是：
sb. be noticed / seen/ found/ listened to/ heard sb. doing sth 不能用to be doing 的形式。
17. No sooner + had 主语+ done + than + 主语 + did
Hardly + had 主语+ done + when + 主语 + did
Scarcely + had 主语+ done + when + 主语 + did

18. 补全法解单选题
(1) —Who are you waiting for?
—( I am waiting for) A professor to give us a lecture this afternoon.
(2) —Were all the people killed in the accident?
—It was only the two passengers ( that/who were killed in the accident?
(3) —Where did you meet the manager?
—It was in the office where he worked (that I met the manager).

19. 还原法解单选题
（1） Is this factory ______ you spent 15 years?
(This factory is where/ the one where you spent 15 years.)
(2) I wonder _____it was that has happened to her.
(I wonder it was what that has happened to her)
(3) It is 3 hours ______ the meeting has lasted.
(去除it is 和横线，the meeting has lasted 3 hours, 不缺内容，所以是强调句型)

20. 精简法解单选题
（1）Each of the students (, some of whom came form the earth-quake stricken area happening in
May, 2008, ) is awarded with a gift.
(2) After what (all of them thought) was a long time, the interviewers entered the room.

21. 任务型阅读常用词汇
reason(s) for… ; cause(s)of … ; attitude(s) to (towards)…
solution(s) to doing sth.; way(s) to do sth
表格上面出现总结性内容，用 topic, theme, introduction
表格下面出现总结性内容，用 conclusion, summary

22. 书面表达
1）卷面规范：不出框，不分行，开首缩进11毫米，标点紧跟左边字母，涂改用一道斜线划掉，y,g,f,h书写时要收敛，不能太“潇洒”，单词间距一个字母O的空间。
2）审读汉字说明部分，确定人称、时态。
3）分成三段最佳，续写好开首句后面的过渡句，每段开首尽量用固有的句型和过渡词，（句型要熟记，准确默写出来，包括大小写，标点符号）常用固定句型：
Different people have different opinions.
Some of the the studnets hold the positive view. They think that …
However, others hold the oposite view that …
From the pictures (chart) above, we can see that..
The pictures remind me of how serious the river is polluted.
4) 巧换句型
(1) Although he is very young, he knows a lot about science.可以换成：
Despite of the fact that he is very young, he knows a lot about science.
(2) Because he got up late this morning, he didn’t catch the early.可以换成：
He got up late this morning, as a result of which he didn’t catch the early bus.
5）最后一段：（例）As far as I’m concerned, it is important to be a person with strong social responsibilty. For one thing, a person… For another, we…(注意标点和大小写，记住用on one hand,… on the other hand,…或者for one thing,…for another,…向阅卷人表明是两个观点。)

23. 最后提醒：
1） 不能慌。大家都一样，我的水平我清楚，一般不会出现大的变化；
2） B篇以后更要冷静，正确是第一位的；
3） 仅复查可疑之处，不必整张试卷都检查（来不及）、
4） 最后15分钟之前务必把答题卡涂好。（重中之重，涂到卡上的才算是你的）

24. 考试时间实际操作流程：
单项填空（10分钟）——完形填空（20分钟）——阅读A(10分钟)——阅读B（10分钟）——阅读C（10分钟）——（至此时间仅剩一半，很正常，不必惊慌）阅读D（10分钟）—任务型（10分钟）——改错（10分钟）------- 书面表达（30分钟）

25. 常见短语动词
give up 放弃，中止，停止；交出；牺牲
give in （to…）屈服，投降；交上来
give away 赠，送；分发；出卖；泄露
give way to 向…让步
give off 散发出，释放出；发出
gibe out 分发（物品）
hold on 坚持不去；不挂断
hold up 举起；使延误；使停滞
hold off 拖延；保持距离
hold back 阻碍
get along with 相处；进展
get down 取下；下来
get down to doing sth. 认真工作
get back 回来；后退
get off 下车（船等）
get over 克服困难；越过；痊愈
get through接通电话（马路等）；完成
get together 相聚；聚集
work on / at 从事…
keep away 使离开；使站开
keep back 阻止；阻挡；扣留
keep off 避开；不接近
break away from 脱离，
break down （身体）垮掉，（机器）坏掉
break in 插嘴
take in 吸收，理解，欺骗
take off 有起色，（事业）腾飞
put off 推迟
set out to do st. 开始做…
cut off 切断（水电），隔绝（联系）
turn up 出现， 调大，挽起
turn to sb. 向某人求助
come to (oneself) 苏醒
come across 遇见
go through 经历
go up 上升
keep up 继续；坚持；维持
stick to坚持
wait on 伺候
try out 试用
clear up 整理，清理，放晴
die out 灭亡，消失
pull up (使) 停下
pull in (车、船) 进站
pull out （车船）出站
put away 储蓄；把…收藏好
come out 出版
put aside 搁置一边；停下
put down 放下；镇压，记下
put up 举起；建造；张贴
put forward to 提出（计划等）
put out 熄灭（火）
go against 反抗；违背
go by 走过（某处）；（时间）过去
go down（太阳、月亮）落下；下降
go all out to do sth. 全力以赴
break away 逃走；逃脱；断裂
break into 闯入；打断；插话；突然…起来
break through 突破
make for 走向；有助于
make out 辩得清
make up for 补偿；弥补
make it 成功；规定（时间）
set about doing sth. 开始做…
burst out doing sth. 突然…起来
burst into sth. 突然…起来
turn down 拒绝
turn out 结果却…
come up （被）提出
run into 遇见
take to 养成（习惯）
pick up 去取，学会，好转
pick out 挑选
carry on 继续
keep on 继续，保持
keep out 使在外；不使入内
keep out of 置身于…之外
pay off 得到回报
let out 泄漏，发出
refer to 提到，论及，指……
deal with 处理，论及
set off 引爆
speed up加速
check in 登记入内
check out 结账离去

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