英文花卉术语.doc

Flower VocabularyAngiosperm a flowering plant Anther part of the stamen that contains the pollen, located on the filament Androecium refers to all the parts that make up the male part of the flower; all of the stamens together Bract leaves that are found at the base of the pedicle of the flower, can sometimes have bright colors and look like petals (as in bougainvilleas) Caylx all of the sepals together Carpel general term for the female organ of the flower, including the ovary, ovules, style and stigma Carpellate flower - one that only has female parts Corolla term used to describe all of the petals of a flower; all of the petals together Cross-pollination when a plant is pollinated by pollen from another plant of the same species Dispersal the process of distributing seeds to other locations, usually through wind, water, or an animal carrier Dioecious plants that have carpellate (female) and staminate (male) flowers on separate individual plants; plants that have separate “male” and “female” individuals Embryo - the young, unformed plant within the seed Endosperm the nutritive tissue of the seed, provides nutrients for the embryo Filament part of the androecium that supports the anther Fertilization the union of two gametes that results in the formation of an embryo or seed Fruit a structure that contains the seeds of a plant (it is not always edible) Gametes - a mature male or female germ cell usually possessing one set of chromosomes, capable of forming a new individual that has two sets of chromosomes by fusion with a gamete of the opposite sex Gynoecium refers to all the parts that make up the female part of the flower; all of the carpels together Inflorescence a group of flowers on a stem; a flower cluster Monoecious plants that have separate carpellate (female) and staminate (male) flowers on a single individual Nectar a liquid sugar substance which some flowers produce as an attractant and reward for insect and animal pollinators Ovary part of the gynoecium that contains the ovules, the part that becomes the fruit Ovule area in the ovary that contains the egg, is fertilized and develops into a seed Pedicel the stalk or stem that supports the flower Perianth the outer whorls of the flower, including the sepals and petals Perfect flower a flower with both male and female parts. Petal structures that surround the sex organs of the flower, often serve as advertisements to pollinators Pistil see carpel Pistillate flower see carpellate flower Pollen dust like particles that contain male gametes Pollen tube - a tube that is formed by a pollen grain and conveys the sperm cells to the ovule Pollination the process of pollen being delivered to the stigma of a flower, the first step of fertilization Pollination Syndrome the characteristics of a flower such as shape, color and odor which to some degree help predict what pollinates it Pollinator an animal or insect which feeds on nectar, pollen or flower parts and inadvertently pollinates the flowers that it visits Receptacle part of the flower to which all sex organs and perianth structures (petals and sepals) are attached Sepal the whorl below the petals, leaf like structures that support other flower parts Stamen general term for the male organ of the flower, including the filament and anther Staminate flower one that has only male parts Self compatible a flower that is able to reproduce using its own pollen Self incompatible a flower that cannot reproduce using its own pollen, but requires pollen from another plant Stigma the receptive part of the gynoecium; where the pollen gets deposited Style part of the gynoecium that supports the stigma and connects the stigma to the ovary Seed structure that contains the embryo of a plant, which has the potential to produce a new plant Tepals when a flower does not have separate caylx (sepals) and corolla (petals), but only one whorl of perianth; looks like petals with no sepals Whorl an arrangement of three or more similar structures at a common point. Flowers are arranged in whorls the outermost whorl is the caylx (sepals), the next whorl is the corolla (petals), and the inner whorls consist of the androecium and gynoecium