计算机网络实验报告资料.doc

20162017 学年 第 1 学期实 验 报 告 书课程名称 计算机网络实验 系（部） 信息工程系 专业班级 计算机科学与技术 学生姓名 学生学号 成绩_ 评语：指导教师_目录目录I项目1 网络设备基本操作（Cisco模拟器Packet Tracer）1任务一：通过Telnet登录1任务二：虚拟局域网VLAN的配置4任务三：静态路由协议的配置6任务四：动态路由协议的配置11项目2 网络设备的基本操作（真机，华三设备）16任务一：通过Console登录16任务二：使用系统操作及文件操作的基本命令18任务三：通过Telnet登录21任务四：使用FTP上传下载系统文件24I任务四：使用FTP上传下载系统文件项目1 网络设备基本操作（Cisco模拟器Packet Tracer）任务一：通过Telnet登录步骤1：配置路由器以太网接口IP地址Routerenable /进入特权模式Router#config t /进入全局配置模式Router(config)#hostname R1 /配置路由器名称为“R1”R1(config)#interface f0/0 /进入路由器接口配置模式R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.138 255.255.255.0 /配置路由器管理接口IP 地址和网络掩码 R1(config-if)#no shutdown /开启路由器接口R1(config-if)#end /退出到特权模式R1#show ip interface brief /验证路由器管理接口 IP 地址已经配置和开启 Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.0.138 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downVlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downR1#write /保存路由器上所做的配置Building configuration.OK步骤2：配置路由器密码R1#config t /进入全局配置模式R1(config)#line vty 0 4 /进入路由器的vty虚拟终端，0-4共5个虚拟终端R1(config-line)#password 123R1(config-line)#login/以上是配置vty的密码，即Telnet密码R1(config-line)#exitR1(config)#enable password 123456/以上是配置进入到路由器特权模式的密码R1(config)#end步骤3：检查以太网接口是否正常R1#show int f0/0FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected)Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.9631.d101 (bia 0001.9631.d101)Internet address is 192.168.0.138/24MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255/应该显示两个“up”步骤4：通过Telnet访问路由器PCping 192.168.0.138Pinging 192.168.0.138 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=44ms TTL=255Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255Ping statistics for 192.168.0.138:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 44ms, Average = 11ms/以上是表明计算机能ping通路由器PCtelnet 192.168.0.138/Telnet路由器以太网卡上的IP地址Trying 192.168.0.138 .OpenUser Access VerificationPassword: R1enPassword: R1#/输入vty的密码123、输入enable的密码123456，能正常进入路由器的特权模式任务二：虚拟局域网VLAN的配置步骤1：进入全局配置模式SwitchenSwitch#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Switch(config)#步骤2：创建VLAN10和VLAN20Switch(config)#vlan 10 /创建VLAN10Switch(config-vlan)#name jikeyiban /给VLAN10命名“计科1班”Switch(config-vlan)#exitSwitch(config)#vlan 20 /创建VLAN20Switch(config-vlan)#name jikeerban /给VLAN10命名“计科2班”Switch(config-vlan)#exitSwitch(config)#步骤3：交换机15端口划分给VLAN10，610端口划分给VLAN20Switch(config)#interface range f0/1-5 /进入接口模式Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 /将15接口划分给VLAN10Switch(config-if-range)#exitSwitch(config)#interface range f0/6-10 Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 20 /将610接口划分给VLAN20Switch(config-if-range)#exitSwitch(config)#步骤4：查看VLAN配置Switch#show vlanVLAN Name Status Ports- - - -1 default active Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22Fa0/23, Fa0/2410 jikeyiban active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4Fa0/520 jikeerban active Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9Fa0/101002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default act/unsup VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2- - - - - - - - - - -1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 010 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 020 enet 100020 1500 - - - - - 0 01002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0 1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0 1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0 1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0 Remote SPAN VLANs-Primary Secondary Type Ports- - - -Switch#步骤5：为PC1、PC2、PC3、PC4配置IP地址。设备IP地址子网掩码PC1192.168.1.5255.255.255.0PC2192.168.1.6255.255.255.0PC3192.168.2.5255.255.255.0PC4192.168.2.6255.255.255.0PC1ipconfig 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0PC2ipconfig 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0PC3ipconfig 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.0PC4ipconfig 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.0步骤6：实验测试1） PC1与PC2属于同一VLAN，用PC1 ping PC2的IP地址192.168.1.6。PCping 192.168.1.6Pinging 192.168.1.6 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128Ping statistics for 192.168.1.6:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0msPC2） PC1与PC3属于不同VLAN，用PC1 ping PC3的IP地址192.168.2.5。PCping 192.168.2.5Pinging 192.168.2.5 with 32 bytes of data:Request timed out.Request timed out.Request timed out.Request timed out.Ping statistics for 192.168.2.5:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),任务三：静态路由协议的配置步骤1：在路由器R1上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int s0/0/0R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int s0/0/1R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#endR1#show ip route /查看路由表Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R1#write /保存配置Building configuration.OK步骤2：在路由器R2上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R2R2(config)#int f0/0R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int s0/0/1R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#endR2#show ip route /查看路由表Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R2#write /保存配置Building configuration.OK步骤3：在路由器R3上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R3R3(config)#int f0/0R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutdownR3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#int s0/0/1R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutdownR3(config-if)#endR3#show ip route /查看路由表Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R3#write /保存配置Building configuration.OK步骤4：在路由器R1上配置静态路由R1enR1#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2R1(config)#end步骤5：在路由器R2上配置静态路由R2enR2#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.1R2(config)#end步骤6：在路由器R3上配置静态路由R3enR3#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1R3(config)#end步骤7：查看路由表R1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0S 192.168.2.0/24 1/0 via 172.16.1.2S 192.168.3.0/24 1/0 via 172.16.2.2步骤8：查看接口IP地址和配置文件R1#show ip int brInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down downSerial0/0/0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up upSerial0/0/1 172.16.2.1 YES manual up upVlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down步骤9：配置PC1、PC2、PC3的IP地址和网关设备IP地址子网掩码网关PC1192.168.1.5255.255.255.0192.168.1.1PC2192.168.2.5255.255.255.0192.168.2.1PC3192.168.3.5255.255.255.0192.168.3.1步骤10：测试在PC1上分别ping PC2、PC3，是否正常通信1） PC1 ping PC2PCping 192.168.2.5Pinging 192.168.2.5 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126Ping statistics for 192.168.2.5:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average = 4ms2） PC1 ping PC3PCping 192.168.3.5Pinging 192.168.3.5 with 32 bytes of data:Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=126Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=126Ping statistics for 192.168.3.5:Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 9ms, Average = 4ms任务四：动态路由协议的配置步骤1：在路由器R1上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#int f0/0R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int s0/0/1R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int s0/0/0R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0R1(config-if)#no shutdownR1(config-if)#endR1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not setC 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R1#writeBuilding configuration.OK步骤2：在路由器R2上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R2R2(config)#int f0/0R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int s0/0/1R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#exitR2(config)#int s0/0/0R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0R2(config-if)#no shutdownR2(config-if)#endR2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGPD - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter areaN1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGPi - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODRP - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R2#writeBuilding configuration.OK步骤3：在路由器R3上配置接口的IP地址RouterenableRouter#configure terminalEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname R3R3(config)#int f0/0R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no shutdownR3(config-if)#exitR3(config)#int s0/0/1R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0R3(config-if)#no