计算机网络实验报告资料.doc

2016~2017 学年 第 1 学期
实 验 报 告 书

课程名称 计算机网络实验

系（部） 信息工程系
专业班级 计算机科学与技术
学生姓名
学生学号

成绩_______________
评语：
指导教师________________

目录
目录 I
项目1 网络设备基本操作（Cisco模拟器Packet Tracer） 1
任务一：通过Telnet登录 1
任务二：虚拟局域网VLAN的配置 4
任务三：静态路由协议的配置 6
任务四：动态路由协议的配置 11
项目2 网络设备的基本操作（真机，华三设备） 16
任务一：通过Console登录 16
任务二：使用系统操作及文件操作的基本命令 18
任务三：通过Telnet登录 21
任务四：使用FTP 上传下载系统文件 24

I

任务四：使用FTP上传下载系统文件
项目1 网络设备基本操作（Cisco模拟器Packet Tracer）
任务一：通过Telnet登录

步骤1：配置路由器以太网接口IP地址
Router>enable //进入特权模式
Router#config t //进入全局配置模式
Router(config)#hostname R1 //配置路由器名称为“R1”
R1(config)#interface f0/0 //进入路由器接口配置模式
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.138 255.255.255.0
//配置路由器管理接口IP 地址和网络掩码
R1(config-if)#no shutdown //开启路由器接口
R1(config-if)#end //退出到特权模式
R1#show ip interface brief //验证路由器管理接口 IP 地址已经配置和开启
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.0.138 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Vlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
R1#write //保存路由器上所做的配置
Building configuration...
[OK]

步骤2：配置路由器密码
R1#config t //进入全局配置模式
R1(config)#line vty 0 4 //进入路由器的vty虚拟终端，0-4共5个虚拟终端
R1(config-line)#password 123
R1(config-line)#login
//以上是配置vty的密码，即Telnet密码
R1(config-line)#exit
R1(config)#enable password 123456
//以上是配置进入到路由器特权模式的密码
R1(config)#end
步骤3：检查以太网接口是否正常
R1#show int f0/0
FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0001.9631.d101 (bia 0001.9631.d101)
Internet address is 192.168.0.138/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
//应该显示两个“up”

步骤4：通过Telnet访问路由器
PC>ping 192.168.0.138
Pinging 192.168.0.138 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=44ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 192.168.0.138: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.138:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 44ms, Average = 11ms
//以上是表明计算机能ping通路由器

PC>telnet 192.168.0.138
//Telnet路由器以太网卡上的IP地址
Trying 192.168.0.138 ...Open
User Access Verification
Password:
R1>en
Password:
R1#
//输入vty的密码123、输入enable的密码123456，能正常进入路由器的特权模式

任务二：虚拟局域网VLAN的配置

步骤1：进入全局配置模式
Switch>en
Switch#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#
步骤2：创建VLAN10和VLAN20
Switch(config)#vlan 10 //创建VLAN10
Switch(config-vlan)#name jikeyiban //给VLAN10命名“计科1班”
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#vlan 20 //创建VLAN20
Switch(config-vlan)#name jikeerban //给VLAN10命名“计科2班”
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch(config)#
步骤3：交换机1~5端口划分给VLAN10，6~10端口划分给VLAN20
Switch(config)#interface range f0/1-5 //进入接口模式
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10 //将1~5接口划分给VLAN10
Switch(config-if-range)#exit
Switch(config)#interface range f0/6-10
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 20 //将6~10接口划分给VLAN20
Switch(config-if-range)#exit
Switch(config)#
步骤4：查看VLAN配置
Switch#show vlan

VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24
10 jikeyiban active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5
20 jikeerban active Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9
Fa0/10
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup

VLAN Type SAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet 100001 1500 - - - - - 0 0
10 enet 100010 1500 - - - - - 0 0
20 enet 100020 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi 101002 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500 - - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500 - - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500 - - - ibm - 0 0

Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Primary Secondary Type Ports
------- --------- ----------------- ------------------------------------------
Switch#
步骤5：为PC1、PC2、PC3、PC4配置IP地址。
设备
IP地址
子网掩码
PC1
192.168.1.5
255.255.255.0
PC2
192.168.1.6
255.255.255.0
PC3
192.168.2.5
255.255.255.0
PC4
192.168.2.6
255.255.255.0
PC1>ipconfig 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0
PC2>ipconfig 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.0
PC3>ipconfig 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.0
PC4>ipconfig 192.168.2.6 255.255.255.0
步骤6：实验测试
1） PC1与PC2属于同一VLAN，用PC1 ping PC2的IP地址192.168.1.6。
PC>ping 192.168.1.6

Pinging 192.168.1.6 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.1.6: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128

Ping statistics for 192.168.1.6:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms

PC>
2） PC1与PC3属于不同VLAN，用PC1 ping PC3的IP地址192.168.2.5。
PC>ping 192.168.2.5

Pinging 192.168.2.5 with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.5:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),

任务三：静态路由协议的配置

步骤1：在路由器R1上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int s0/0/0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int s0/0/1
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#end
R1#show ip route //查看路由表
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#write //保存配置
Building configuration...
[OK]
步骤2：在路由器R2上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s0/0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#end
R2#show ip route //查看路由表
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#write //保存配置
Building configuration...
[OK]
步骤3：在路由器R3上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R3
R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#int s0/0/1
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#end
R3#show ip route //查看路由表
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R3#write //保存配置
Building configuration...
[OK]
步骤4：在路由器R1上配置静态路由
R1>en
R1#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2
R1(config)#end
步骤5：在路由器R2上配置静态路由
R2>en
R2#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.1
R2(config)#end
步骤6：在路由器R3上配置静态路由
R3>en
R3#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.1
R3(config)#end
步骤7：查看路由表
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 172.16.1.2
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2

步骤8：查看接口IP地址和配置文件
R1#show ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.1.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/0/0 172.16.1.1 YES manual up up
Serial0/0/1 172.16.2.1 YES manual up up
Vlan1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
步骤9：配置PC1、PC2、PC3的IP地址和网关
设备
IP地址
子网掩码
网关
PC1
192.168.1.5
255.255.255.0
192.168.1.1
PC2
192.168.2.5
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.1
PC3
192.168.3.5
255.255.255.0
192.168.3.1

步骤10：测试在PC1上分别ping PC2、PC3，是否正常通信
1） PC1 ping PC2
PC>ping 192.168.2.5

Pinging 192.168.2.5 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=14ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.2.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.2.5:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 14ms, Average = 4ms
2） PC1 ping PC3
PC>ping 192.168.3.5

Pinging 192.168.3.5 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=9ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.3.5: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=126

Ping statistics for 192.168.3.5:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 2ms, Maximum = 9ms, Average = 4ms

任务四：动态路由协议的配置

步骤1：在路由器R1上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int s0/0/1
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int s0/0/0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#end

R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
步骤2：在路由器R2上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s0/0/1
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#end

R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R2#write
Building configuration...
[OK]
步骤3：在路由器R3上配置接口的IP地址
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown

R3(config-if)#exit

R3(config)#int s0/0/1
R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no