打造高分作文.doc

打造高分作文，培养语言美感
推陈出新原则
Habits play an important role in our daily life. Important 可以升级为significant。
It has become common that students go to “one-to –one” classes.
Common 可升级为universal.
The dinner looks a little bit terrible. -----disgusting
The question is really difficult to understand.__confusing
词义
旧词
新词
词义
旧词
新词
名声
fame
Reputation
困难的
difficult
challenging
机会
chance
Opportunity
传统的
traditional
conventional
忍受
stand
tolerate
endure
不好的
bad
unfavorable
采用；采取
use
adopt
显然的
obvious
evident
拥有
own
possess
适当的
proper
appropriate
感激
thank
appreciate
严重的
serious
severe
同意
agree with
subscribe to
有益的
helpful
beneficial
激励
encourage
motivate
惊人的；非凡的
surprising
extraordinary
amazing
走完；读完
walk/read
cover
非常的；极度的
very/hard
extremely
desperately
句子优先原则
好处之一：短语会使文章增加亮点
如：When he was a child ,he wanted to learn everything.
____When he was a child , he had a strong appetite for knowledge.
He had to face all the possible difficulties.
_____He had to cope with(应付，处理) all the possible difficulties.
Your efforts will be very important.
Our school lies in the east of the city.
____Our school is located in the east of the city.
I thanked him a lot for his help.
____I was grateful to him for his help.
1、I read all the books I could find that threw light upon these matters.
2. The scenery on the top of the mountain held me entirely in its power.
3、Her words lighted me up ,making me aware that honesty was far more important than a broken vase.
4、The boy threw/cast an angry look at me.
好处之二：使用短语可增加文章的长度
如：I want it .------I am looking forward to it…/I am dying for it ./I am longing for it.
I cannot bear it .------ I cannot put up with it.
I suddenly I had a good idea.------I came up with a good idea./All of a sudden a good idea occurred to me ./A good idea came upon me.
类似的还有：
cause ---result in /lead to /bring about
know----have a good command /knowledge of
visit ------pay a visit to
use ------make use of /take advantage of
like----have a preference for
enjoy ------be fond of /be keen on/keep sb. spellbound
end/stop ----come to an end /stop
understand ------have a good understanding of /make sense of /get the hang of
be found ----come to light
再如：
重视：attach great importance to
一定：be bound to do
很多：a variety of /varieties of
便利使用: have easy/free access to sth.
陪伴某人：keep sb. Company
越来越多的人：an increasing number of people
习惯于：be used to doing/be accustomed to doing.
多实少虚的原则：
a nice man
generous （慷慨的） ,humorous（幽默的） , kind-hearted（善良的） , warm-hearted （热心的）, hospitable（好客的）, gentle （文雅的）,
optimistic（乐观 的）, easy-going（随和的）, spirited（英勇的） ,
cultivated（有教养的）, manly（有男子气概的） , knowledgeable（知识渊博的）, cautious(谨慎的)
试比较：He is a nice student.(空泛)
He is an easy-going and knowledgeable student.
如：走出房间，一般说：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间：slip out of the room
小姐走出房间：sail out of the room
小孩走出房间：dance out of the room
老人走出房间：stagger out of the room
“叫“Cry哭叫，shout 大喊大叫，scream 尖叫，moan 呻吟，sigh 叹气，quarrel大吵大闹
“看“Look 看的动作/see看的结果；watch 观察/observe为了研究进行的观察；notice注意 catch sight of 看见/stare好奇地看/glare 瞪着看；glance 瞅见/glimpse瞥见，
witness目睹，见证
养成好习惯 form /develop/cultivate a good habit of
养成坏习惯 slide into /get into a bad habit of
灵活多变性原则
The interesting teacher knows how to make an interesting class.
-------The humorous teacher knows how to make his class vivid.
The main aim of painters ,who were not interested in showing nature and people ,was to present religious themes.
The text is so difficult that I can’t understand it .
------The text is so difficult that I can’t make sense of it .
-------The text is so difficult that I can’t figure it out .
意义
常用词
替换词
决心，决定
decision
Determination, resolve
目标，理想
aim
Goal, target, dream
专心做，忙于做
be busy doing
be devoted to doing sth. be occupied in doing sth., be engaged in doing sth, be addicted to doing, focus on ,concentrate, be fixed on/upon sth, be absorbed in doing
支持，赞成
support
approve of ,in favor of, uphold, stand by one’s side, agree with
实现，完成
finish
achieve, accomplish, fulfill, complete
解释
explain
account for; illustrate, clarify
证明，证实
prove
testify, confirm, verify, turn out(to be)
需要
need
call for, require, demand
涌入
come into, enter
flood into; overflow into; crowd into
易于 ，倾向于
be possible
tend to ; be likely to
有助于
be helpful to
contribute to ; make a contribution to; make for
漂亮的
beautiful
appealing; attractive; inviting; charming; fascinating
沮丧的，失意的
sad
frustrated; discouraged; depressed; down-hearted
优秀的
good
outstanding ,perfect, brilliant, remarkable, distinguished, excellent
低等的，次要的
lower
inferior, junior, minor, secondary, lesser, insignificant
事实上
in fact
in reality, in effect ,as a matter of fact, practically, virtually, actually
词性转换
如：我吃得不多。I don’t eat much.这个很俗。但I am a light eater.更为形象。
类似的还有：a heavy smoker/drinker
delight Her first delight was going to the Tower.
The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art.
Nursery rhymes delight small children.
再如：useful /important/valuable/helpful/------be of great /some use /importance/value
make a choice/suggestion/description/decision/attempt
increase steadily---experience a steady increase 平稳地增加
decrease sharply-----undergo a sharp decrease 大减
life is full of ups and downs.人生充满盛衰荣辱。
The whole society is dedicated to furthering the structural reform.整个社会致力于深化体制改革。
The government has taken some measures to better the life of the people.政府采取措施改善人民的生活水平。
Warm clothes are a must in the mountain.到山区去穿暖和的衣服是必须的。
约定俗成原则
发表演说： deliver/make a speech
做实验：make /conduct/carry out /perform an experiment.
取得成就：make achievements 获得声誉：gain reputation
达到目的：attain one’s aim
面临新的机遇和挑战：be faced with new opportunities and challenges /meet the challenge of
引起了广泛的公众关注： arouse wide public concern /draw public attention