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1、Chapter1 Introduction to social work and social welfare Chapter2 Social work values and ethics Chapter3 Empowerment and human diversity Chapter4 The process of generalist practice Chapter5 Practice settings Chapter6 An overview of social welfare and social work history Chapter7 Policy a
2、nd policy advocacy Chapter8 Poverty problems Chapter9 Social work and social services for children and families Chapter10 Social work and social services for older adults Chapter11 Social work and social services for people with disabilities Chapter12 Social work and social services in hea
3、lth care Chapter13 Social work and social services in mental health Chapter14 Social work and substance use, abuse, and dependence Chapter15 Social work and social services for youth and in the schools Chapter16 Social work and social services in the criminal justice system
4、 Chapter1 Introduction to social work and social welfare Case A Keywords: adopt, family service, paperwork, family life planning Case B: Keywords: group session and group work; mental health; self-help group; mutual-help group Case C: Keywords: Sexual Assault, match, funding-raising
5、 What is Social work? Social work is the professional activity of help individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favorable to this goal. Social work practice consists of the professional application of social work
6、 values, principles, and techniques to one or more of the following ends: Helping people obtain tangible services Providing counseling and psychotherapy with individuals, families and groups. Helping communities or groups provide or improve social and health services Participating in relevant le
7、gislative processes Five themes: Social work concerns helping individuals, groups, or communities. Social work entails a solid foundation of values and principles. A firm basis of techniques and skills provides directions. Social works need to link people to recourses or advocate for service de
8、velopment for clients. Social workers participate legislative process to promote positive social changes. What is social welfare? Social welfare is a nation's system of programs, benefits, and services that help people meet those social, economic, educational, and health needs that are fundamen
9、tal to the maintenance of society. Two Dimensions: What people get from society (programs, benefits and services?) How well their needs (social, economic, educational, and health) are being met How are social welfare and social work related? Debates on social welfare: Individual responsibi
10、lity: you get you deserve Society responsibility Who should assume responsibility for people's social welfare? Residual, institutional, and developmental perspectives on social welfare. 1. Residual Model Social welfare benefit and service should be supplied only when people fail t
11、o provide adequately for themselves. Blame the victim (fault and failure) For instance: social assistance Families in need receive limited and temporary financial assistance until they can get back on their feet. 2. Institutional model People have a right to get benefit and service. For
12、 instance: public education, fire and police protection Every one can get these services. 3. Developmental model This approach seeks to identify social interventions that have a positive impact on economic development. (1) Invest in education, nutrition and health care (2) In vest in physica
13、l facilities (3) help people in need engage in productive employment and self-employment. Political ideology: conservatives, liberalism and radicalism Conservatism is the philosophy that individuals are responsible for themselves, government should provide minimal interference in people's liv
14、es, and change is generally unnecessary. Liberalism is the philosophy that government should be involved in the social, political and economic structure so that all people's rights and privileges are protected in the name of social justice. Radicalism is the philosophy that the social and pol
15、itical system as it stands is not structurally capable of truly providing social justice. The fundamental changes are necessary in the basic social and political structure to achieve truly fair and equal treatment. Fields of practice in social work n Work with people in needs (children, youth, o
16、ld people, the disable etc.) n Work with some occupation The continuum of social work careers n Degree in social work BSW: prepare for the entry-level social work MSW: receive more specialized training DSW: teach at the college level or conduct research Social work builds on many discipline
17、s n psychology n sociology n political science n economics n biology n psychiatry n council n cultural anthropology n social work Social workers demonstrate competencies n Competencies are measurable practice behaviors that are comprised of sufficient knowledge, skills, and values" and
18、have the goal of practicing effective social work. Competency 1: identification as a professional social worker Competency 2: the application of social work ethical principles to guide practice Competency 3: the application of critical thinking to inform professional judgments Competency 4: enga
19、gement of diversity in practice Competency 5: the advancement of human rights and social economic justice. Competency 6: engagement in research-informed practice Evidence-based practice Competency 7: application of knowledge of human behavior and the social environment Competency 8: engagemen
20、t in policy proactive to advance social and economic well-being Competency 9: responsiveness to contexts that shape practice Competency 10: engagement, assessment, intervention, and evaluation with individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Chapter 2 social work values and e
21、thics 1. Value and ethics Social worker is value-based profession. What is value? Value involves what you do and do not consider important and worthwhile, and also involve judgments and decisions about relative worth. What is Ethics? Ethics involve principles that specify what is good and what
22、 is bad. They clarify what should and should not be done • Difference between value and ethics: Value determine what beliefs are appropriate. Ethics address what to do with or how to apply those beliefs to do the right thing. The importance of ethics 2. Value and ethics for social workers Six c
23、ore values for social workers: (1) Service (2) Social justice (3) Dignity and worth of the person (4) Importance of human relationships (5) Integrity (6) Competence Social workers' ethical responsibilities to clients: (1) Self-determination Practitioners should nurture and support client
24、self-extermination ：each individual's right to make his or her own decisions. (2)Privacy and confidentiality (3) Conflict of interest and Dual relationships The clients' best interests must be protected to the maximum extent possible. (4) Sexual relationship Social workers’ Ethical responsibili
25、ties to colleagues (1) Respect (2) Referral for services Social Workers’ Ethical responsibilities in Practice settings Social workers' ethical responsibilities as professionals • competence • against discrimination • honest • not solicit clients for the purpose of personal gains Social wo
26、rkers' ethical responsibilities to the social work profession. Integrity Research Evaluation Social workers' ethical responsibilities to the broader society (1) Advocate for people's welfare (2) Ensure fair and equal access to resources and opportunities. (3) Respect cultural diversity. (4)
27、 Prevent discrimination against or exploiting people Translation exercises • Social workers must uphold client privacy and confidentiality. Privacy is the condition of being free from unauthorized observation or intrusion. We have established that confidentiality is the ethical principle that w
28、orkers should not share information provided by a client or about a client unless they have the client's explicit permission to do so. There is more to confidentiality than may be immediately apparent. Confidentiality means more that not revealing information about clients to others. It also involve
29、s not asking for more information than is necessary, as well as informing clients about the limitations of confidentiality within the agency setting. Chapter 3 Empowerment and Human Diversity Stereotype! • Women are too emotional to make good supervisors • Elderly people can't think well. •
30、Gay and lesbian people really want to be opposite gender. • People with physical disabilities are unemployable. Discrimination, oppression, marginalization, alienation, stereotypes, and prejudice • Discrimination is the act of treating people differently based on the fact that they belong to so
31、me group rather than on merit. • Oppression involves putting extreme limitations and constraints on some person, group, or larger system. • Marginalization is the condition of having less power and being viewed as less important than others in the society because of belonging to some group or havi
32、ng some characteristic. • Alienation, related to marginalization, is the feeling that you don't fit in or aren't treated as well as others in the mainstream of society. • A stereotype is a fixed mental picture of member of some specified group based on some attribute or attributes that reflect an
33、overly simplified view of that group, without consideration or appreciation of individual differences. • Prejudice is an opinion or prejudgment about an individual, group, or issue that is not based on fact. • A major social work value involves the importance of people being treated fairly and equ
34、ally. Populations-at-risk and social economic justice • Diversity emphasizes the similarity and dissimilarity between numerous groups in society that have distinguishing characteristics. • Populations-at-risk are people at greater risk of deprivation and unfair treatment because they share so
35、me identifiable characteristic that places them in diverse group. • Factors: gender, age, religion, culture, disability, class, immigration status Social and economic justice Empowerment and a Strengths perspective Empowerment is the process of increasing personal, interpersonal, or political
36、power so that individuals can take action to improve their life situations. • A strengths perspective: 1. Every individual, group, family and community has strengths. 2. Trauma and abuse, illness and struggle may be injurious but they may also be sources of challenge and opportunity. 3. Social
37、workers should assume that they do not know the upper limits of the capacity to grow and change and take individual, group, and community aspirations seriously. 4. Social workers best serve clients by collaborating with when. 5. Every environment is full of resources. Resiliency: seeking stren
38、gth amid adversity The ability of an individual, family, group, community, or organization to recover from adversity and resume functioning even when suffering serious trouble, confusion, or hardship. Resiliency involves two dimensions: risk factors and protective factors. Risk factors involve
39、stressful life events or adverse environmental conditions that increase the vulnerability of individuals or other systems. Protective factors involve buffer, moderate, and protect against those vulnerabilities. Human Diversity • Race and Ethnicity Race implies a greater genetic determinant,
40、whereas ethnicity often relates to cultural or national heritage. • Culture and cultural competence Culture is the sum total of life patterns passed on from generation to generation within a group of people and includes institutions, language, religious ideals, habits of thinking, and patterns of
41、 social and interpersonal relationships. Social workers need to have cultural competence to address the cultural needs of individuals, families, groups, and communities. National Origin and immigration status Four experiences which newcomer faced: Social isolation Cultural shock Cultural c
42、hange Goal-striving • class or social class • political ideology • gender, gender identity, and gender expression • Sexual orientation Homosexual or heterosexual (bisexual) Age Disability Religion and spirituality Chapter 4: Generalist practice Concepts in the definition of genera
43、list practice 1. Acquiring an eclectic knowledge base A. systems theory B. ecological perspective C. Curriculum content areas 1) Values and ethics 2) Diversity 3) populations-at-risk and social and economic justice 4) Human behavior and the social environment 5) Social welfare p
44、olicy and services 6) Social work practice 7) Research 8) Field education D. Fields of practice 2. Emphasizing client empowerment 3. Using professional values A. social works code of ethics B. application of professional values to solve ethical dilemma 4. Applying a wide range of ski
45、lls A. micro B. mezzo C. macro 5. Targeting any size system A. micro B. mezzo C. Marco 6. Working in an organizational structure 7. Using supervision appropriately 8. Assuming a wide range of professional roles 9. Following the principles of evidence-based practice 10. Employing critica
46、l thinking skills 11. Using a planned-change process A. engagement B. assessment C. planning D. implementation E. evaluation F. termination G. follow-up Working in an organizational structure under supervision • What is organizational structure? Organizational structure is the formal or
47、 informal manner in which tasks and responsibilities, lines of authority, channels of communication, and dimensions of power are established and coordinated within an organization. • What is supervision? Supervision is the process by which a designated supervisor watches over a workers’ performanc
48、e. A wide range of roles • counselor • educator • broker • case manager • mobilizer • mediator • facilitator • advocate • supervisors • managers 3 skills (technical, people and conceptual) Evidence-based practice Evidence-based practice is a process in which practitioners make pract
49、ice decisions in light of the best research evidence available. Tools, models, methods and policies must be validated by research and consequence evaluation also should use scientific research methods Critical thinking skills Avoiding the fallacy trap 1. Relying on case examples 2. being vagu
50、e 3. Being biased or not objective 4. Believing that if it’s written down it must be right • asking questions • assessing fact • asserting a conclusion Planned-change process • Planned change and problem-solving Step1 engagement Step2 assessment Step3 planning Step4 implementation Step
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