高考英语高频词汇详解,经典版5.doc

Vocabulary P37-38 I. Write out the noun forms of the following words.ChineseVerbNoun1.损害, 伤害damagedamage2.争论, 辩论debatedebate3.决心，决定 decide decision4.断言, 宣称declaredeclaration5.衰退，下降declinedecline6.装饰; 布置decoratedecoration7.减少decreasedecrease反义：increase8.防御,保卫；为辩护defenddefense9.死亡diedeathdead adj.II. Words to explain.1. dark1) at dark黄昏, 日落时2) before/after dark 黄昏前/后3) keep / leave sb. in the dark*All the lights went out and we were left in the dark. 在黑暗中*He doesnt tell me his plan, so I was kept/ left in the dark. 蒙在鼓里4) adj. 黑暗的，深色的darkness: the state of being darkThe room was in complete darkness.2. dare1) 翻译： 他不敢表现出他不高兴。He dared not show that he was unpleased.He didnt dare to show that he was unpleased. 2) 翻译：你不需要这样大声说话。You neednt talk so loud.You dont need to talk so loud. 3) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。He dare not say so, dare he?We need not do it again, need we ?She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?3. date （Tell the meanings of date in the following sentences）1) n. *Cassette tape recorders are out of date now.*All our information is up to date on the computer.*My wife and I first met on a blind date arranged by her sister.*Date is a sweet edible ( can be eaten) fruit with a single long woody seed. And dried ones are more popular.枣子2) v.*The history of public education in the United States dates from / dates back to the society of the early pioneers.4. day* Day after day she waited in vain for him to telephone her.* Day by day she learnt more about her job.* I came across a friend of mine in the Friendship Department Store the other day.* Some day you will come to realize the importance of saving.* Every dog has its day. He was a great singer once but now hes had his day.每个人都会走运的5. deal (dealt / dealt) (Try to understand the usage of deal in the following sentences.)1) n. * It took a great deal of time and effort. = a great amount of* They made a deal to sell the land to a developer. 交易，买卖* -Havent seen you for ages. Lets have a get-together next week.-Its a deal.一言为定 Its no big deal. Everybody forgets things sometimes. 没什么大不了的2) v. 翻译：你将怎样处理你面临的经济困难？How will you deal with the financial problems you are faced with? What will you do with the financial problems you are faced with?3) dealerA dealer is someone who buys and sells a particular product, especially an expensive one.A drug dealer is someone who sells illegal drugs.6. “die” phrases (dying)死于1.Many people die of cancer nowadays.死于2. In a severe winter, wild animals can die from lack of food. 逐渐远去The noise of the crowd began to die away as the group started playing.减弱，消失3. The excitement died down as time went by.相继死去4. Rabbits were dying off in that county.绝迹5. Many tribes and tribal customs died out centuries ago. III. 与词汇相关的词组整理MeaningExpressions1. 损害, 破坏do/cause damage to sth有.的危险在危险中脱离危险be in danger ofin dangerout of danger2. 随着音乐跳舞dance to the music3. 拂晓时从早到晚at dawnfrom dawn till dark4. 负债没有债务还清债务in debtout of debtpay off ones debt5. 在最后期限前完成meet the deadline for6. 对充耳不闻对视而不见turn a deaf ear to sb/sthturn a blind eye to sb/sth7. 决定做某事做出决定decide to domake a decisioncome to a decisionarrive at a decisionreach a decisionIV. 辨析：1. in danger & dangerousDont get close to the animal. It looks _.Wed better do an operation on the patient. Hes _.2. declare, announce & claimShe announced that the singer would give one extra song.The United States and China has declared their normalization of diplomatic relations.If anybody owns this camera, will he or she please come forward and claim it? announce的意思是“通知，宣布（结果，决定等）”；declare的意思是“宣布（公告，法律等），声明”；claim意为“声称，要求得到，认领”。Vocabulary Page 39-40I. Word transformation:-en作后缀, 表示变为., 用作动词-th作后缀，表示一个名词AdjectiveAdverbVerbNoundeep(adj./adv.)deeplydeependepthwide(adj./adv.)widelywidenwidthhigh(adj./adv.)highlyheightenheightstrong/strengthenstrengthsharp/sharpen/long/lengthenlengthbroad/broaden/VerbNounAdjective defenddefence/defense/definedefinition/delightdelightdelighted/delightfuldeliverdelivery/demanddemanddemandingdescribedescriptiondescriptivedestroydestructiondestructivedeterminedeterminationdetermineddevelopdevelopmentdeveloping/developeddevotedevotiondevotedChineseNoun AdjectiveAdverb明确的，一定的/definitedefinitely故意的/deliberatedeliberately民主democracydemocratic/细节detaildetailed/消沉，沮丧depressiondepressed/II. Words to explain.1.辨析：deep & deeplyHe dived _ into the water. deepHe is _ interested in the subject. deeply辨析：high & highlyWe all think _ of your achievement. highlyHe is able to jump very _. high Try to make sentences with “wide” & “widely”.2.辨析 defeat & winOur men were heavily _ in the battle. defeated (sb)This is the third medal shes _ this season. won (sth)3.in defence of 防卫, 防御in+n.+of 结构Chinese meaningPhrase 支持,赞成in favor of需要in need of拥有in possession of控制in control of为了纪念 in memory of为向表示敬意in honor of照管，掌管in charge of为了庆祝。in celebration of鉴于in view of以防，万一in case of赞成in favor of搜寻，寻找in search of4. degree 在某种程度上: to some/a certain degreeHuman facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ they can be controlled on purpose.A. with whichB. to whichC. of whichD. for which (B)5.delight辨析：delight, delighted, delightfulHe seems to take great _ in (= enjoy) teasing his sister. delightPeters success at college _ his family.delightedHe was _ at the news that she would come for dinner on Friday. delightedLife in the country is rather _. delightfulTo my _, every one of my friends seemed quite supportive. delight= What delighted me was that every one of my friends seemed quite supportive.to ones + n. 结构使高兴的是to ones joy使惊讶的是to ones surpriseto ones astonishmentto ones amazement使震惊的是to ones shock 使困惑的是to ones puzzlementTask: Try to make more sentences and change the sentences by beginning with “what”.6.deserve (与want,need, require的用法相同） deserve doing sth = deserve to be doneThe man deserves punishment. =The man deserves _ _ _. to be punished =The man deserves _ . punishingIII. Write out the synonymous words or expressions.ChineseVocabularySynonyms 推迟；拖延delay doingpostpone; put off故意地deliberatelyon purpose; intentionallyunintentionally; by chance; by accident需求量很大in great demandin great needExperienced teachers are in great demand nowadays.拒绝做deny doing refuse to do依靠；依赖depend oncount on; rely on无法描述beyond descriptionbeyond expression尽管prep.despitein spite ofI still enjoyed the week despite the bad weather.投身于be devoted tobe dedicated toShe has been devoted to the care of homeless people.极想,极渴望be desperate for sthbe thirsty/hungry/ /dying forThe team is desperate for a win.be desperate to do sth be thirsty/hungry/ dying to do sthHe is desperate to get a job.