高三英语复习.doc

高三英语复习复习总表 词类 实词名.动.形.副.数.代虚词 冠.介.连.叹句子 成分主.谓.表.宾.宾补.定.状种类(用途 )陈述句(肯定,否定).疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句).祈使句.感叹句种类(结构 )简单句.并列句.复合句(名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句 )构词法 派生法. 合成法 .转化法题型单项选择（15分）完形填空（30分）阅读理解（50分）补全对话（10分）英汉互译（20分）书面表达（25分）说明一名词复习重点：1名词词义辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析； 2抽象名词具体化和名词固定搭配； 3名词的数（可数与不可数，单数与复数）； 4名词的所有格及其句法功能。（一） 名词的类别及其句法功能类别意义例词基本用法普通名词可数名词个体名词 表示某类人或事物中的个体student 学生;worker 工人;compute计算机; 1,有单.复之分. 2,其前通常有冠词等限定词. 集体名词表示若干人或某类事物的组合体family家庭 ;group组 ;people 人们不可数名词物资名词表示物资.材料或不易分为个体的东西water水 ;cotton棉花 ;paper纸 1, 通常没有复数形式,其前不能用冠词 a / an; 2, 表数量用 数+量名+of 等结构抽象名词性质.状态.行为.感情.概念等的名称motion运动 ;length长度 ; happiness 幸福总括名词同类事物的总称而非具体物件,clothing衣物 ;baggage行李 ;furniture家具专有名词人名或家族姓氏表示人的名字或家族姓氏Kate凯特 ;Mary玛丽1, 专有名词的第一个字母必须大写;词组构成的除虚词外,实词的第一个字母要大写. 2,在姓氏复数名词前加 the指一家人或夫妇二人.如:the Greens .地域名称国家.城市.山川.河流.湖泊等名称China 中国; London 伦敦; the West Lake西湖 机构和组织名称组织.机构.报刊等的名称The United Nations 联合国特陈名词语种.月份.星期.节日等的名称English 英语 ; May五月 ; Sunday星期日 句子成分 主语Night is falling . 夜幕降临。 表语It was a clear night .那是一个明朗的夜晚。 宾语I spent a night in Shanghai . 我在上海过了一夜。 宾补We consider it an unforgettable night . 我们认为这是一个难忘的夜晚。状语 Henry works hard day and night .亨利日日夜夜努力工作。 定语They study in a night school .他们在一所夜校里学习 。名词作定语表示性质，特征，目的，来源材料类别地点用途等。（二） 名词的复数构成- 规则形式单数词尾方法例 词备 注一般词尾加 -s book books daydays 为s .x .sh .ch 加 es box-boxes stomach-stomachs （胃）辅音字母+o 加 es hero-heroes potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesNegro-negroesZero / volcano / cargo-es( -s )元音字母+o及辅音字母+o加 -szoozoos photo(grah)photos piano ;solo ;video ;kilo 等词辅音字母+y改y为i再加escity cities family families five Maryfive Marys以y结尾的专有名词加 s 为f/fe改f/f e为v加esleafleaves knifeknives ( half ;life ;wife ;shelf ;self ;loaf ;wolf ;thief )handkerchiefhandkerchieves/handkerchiefs 2.roof ;proof ;chief ;belief; safe ;cliff ;gulf 这些词后加 s. 复合名词无主体后加s/esgrown-up grown-ups有主体主体上加-s/esbrother-in-law brothers-in-law(三)名词的复数- 不规则形式方法例 词备 注a-e ooeeoui manmen; womanwomen footfeet ;toothteeth ;goosegeesemouse-micemanworkermenworkers; FrenchmanFrench-men.boy friendboy friends.German/Roman/human(s)-en/renoxoxen ;childchildren 单复同形fishfish ;deerdeer ; sheepsheepChineseChinese ; JapaneseJapanesemeansmeans; SwissSwissspeciesspecies; series-series fish:表多少条鱼时单复同形,表种类-es,表鱼肉为不可数.uma ises ona datumdata ;mediummedia crisiscrises; basisbases phenomenonphenomena 源于拉丁文或希腊文常用复数形式两部分构成scissors; trousers; shorts; shoes pants ;jeans ;compasses ;scales; glasses以-ing收尾belongings; surroundings; savings ;findings ;earnings其他情形Contents目录; arms武器; remains;thanks; goods货物; congratulations; outskirts郊区; clothes ;forces ; stairs -s结尾表单意学科或其他physics; maths (mathematics );politics;optics光学; the United States ;economics经济学 ；news 形单意复people人们；police；cattle牛（总称）；public公众；poultry家禽此外,1.有些名词在一定的词组中用复数形式,如take pains下功夫; make arrangements作安排; make preparations作准备 give regards to 问候; give respects to 致敬意; be in high/low spirits情绪高/低1. 有些和数词连用的名词，表复数仍保持单数形式；如two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋;three hundred books三百本书,但其复数表示很多.如dozens of eggs 数打鸡蛋; hundreds of books数百本书.还有(score /scores of; million/millions of ;thousand/thousands of ;billion/billions of ) (四)可数名词与不可数名词对 比可数名词不可数名词计 数单复之分仅单数基数词受修饰,据意用复数不受修饰类似数词some,(a ) few ,many Some,(a )little ,much 基数+量名+of+可用，意义定单复可用，量名体现单复 a/an受修饰不受修饰 注意:1.有些不可数名词在表示抽象的特征，状态，或者一次行为时就成了可数名词。如句子Success is the mother of failure . The party last night was a great success .一些短语 have a good time ;make an apology ;have a look ;have a wonderful/big lunch.2.hair ;fruit ;tea 和通常都作单数表总体,例如:His hair is white .他的头发花白.The fruit is fresh .水果是新鲜.但表若干根头发,若干种水果/茶时就有单复之分,例如He had a few white hairs .他有几根白头发.She likes pears ,peaches and other juicy fruits.她喜欢梨,桃和其他多汁的水果.2. wind ;rain ;snow 表一场/阵有单复数（一般前有修饰语）。3. 有些物质名词由上下文决定可数与不可数。He ate a chicken .他吃了一只鸡。I dont like chicken .我不喜欢鸡肉。A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的。5.“be of + 抽象名词”表达的意义相当于一个形容词。如be of importance=be important ;be of great value =be very valuable ;be of help=be helpful.6.单复表不同意义time(时间)times (时代) wood(木头)woods(森林) sand(沙子)sands(沙漠) paper(纸)papers(试卷，论文，报纸) iron(铁)irons(脚镣，手铐) cloth(布)clothes(衣服)glass(玻璃)glasses(玻璃杯，眼镜) water(水)waters(水域，海域) work(工作)works(工厂/程/事，作品)force(力量)forces(军队) good(益处)goods(货物) manner(态度)manners(礼貌) spirit(精神)spirits(心情，情绪) content(内容)contents(目录) green(绿色)greens(蔬菜) people(人们)peoples(民族) look(看)looks(外貌) ground(地面)grounds(围院)custom(风俗，习惯)customs (海关) ash(灰)ashes(骨灰)(五) 名词所有格的构成和用法类别构成及用法例 词 备 注用于有生命的名词单 数通常在词尾加smy mothers bagthe horses tail1. 以-s结尾的专有名词加s或.2. 二者共有后一个加s;分有各自加s.复 数-s结尾的复数名词只加 .the students reading-roomthe teachers desk不-s以结尾的复数,加 sWomens Daychildrens readings用 于 无 生 命 的 名 词词尾s或 s时间的名词加 s/ sin todays newspapertwo days vacation1. 团体，机构，书报杂志等2.某些习语 at a stones throw (近在咫尺)距离,量度的名词加 s/ sa kilometers distancethree tons weight国家,星球,城市,海洋等加 s/ sChinas populationthe suns raysof+名 词 的 结 构表物的所属the surface of the machinethe roof of the house有生命的名词较长或前有较长定语 可用of +名词名词+of +名词 s/s (双重所有格) Of 的名词前常有一个限定词Have you read any works of Lu Xuns ? Of 的名词前常可用指示代词That answer of Li Dongs wasnt right .Of 后带的名词常表具体的人名或名物代 This is a child of Mr. Greens/theirs .被名词所有格所修饰的名词的省略：1.所有格修饰的词，前已提到可省略；This is not Marrys dictionary ,but Johns . 2.两个名词所有格所修饰的词是同样的，可省去一个或合用一个；Is this Toms jacket or Bobs ?3表店铺，某人的家及公共建筑物时，被修饰的名词可省去。I met her at the doctors (room ).练习1.I bought _ yesterday.A. two boxes of milk B.two boxes of milksC.two box of milk D . two box of milks2.Lets stop by the _on the way there.A. flowers shop B. flowers shop C. flower shop D.flowers shop3. I need _ cloth , for Im going to make _clothes.A. a lot of ; many B. much ; much C. many ; many D. many ; a lot of4.The village is far away from here indeed .Its_walk.A. a four hour B. a four hoursC.a four hours D.a four-hour5.Miss Smith is a friend of _ .A. Marys mothers B. Marys motherC. mothers of Mary D.Mary mothers6.There are _ apples for you on the table .A. much B.a couple of C.the number of D.a little7.I put_ sugar in my milk .A. a few B. a spoon C. some D. few8. My sister is going to get married and she has bought many_.A.furnitures B.furrniture C.furniture pieces D .pieces of furniture9.I have got _ on the project.A .many information B. much informationC. some informations D. many informations10.He has spent a large _ of money on his new house.A. deal B. amount C. number D. piece11.When we arrived at the park ,we took _ rest.A. a few minutes B. a few minutesC.a little minutes D. little minutes12.There are sixty _ in our school.A. women teachers B. woman teachersC. women teacher D. womans teacher13.A large number of students _ watching TV in their spare time.A. likes B. like C. liked D. liking14. The number of pandas in the zoo _ about six .A. is B. are C. were D.am15.Our leader and teacher often _ us with our study.A. helping B .helps C. is helping D. are helping16.She has improved her English since she took her teachers _.A. advices B. advice C. advise D. advises17.You will find the _ of this book, which is great in helping you to understand life.A. cost B. value C. price D. usefulness18.My teacher asked me to write a _ composition.A. three-thousands-words B. three-thousands-wordC. three-thousand-word D. three-thousand-words19.Last Sunday I met a friend of _ in the street.A. my sister B. my sisters C. my sisters D. me sister20.There are thirty _ and twenty girls in my class.A. boy students B. boys studentsC. boy student D. boys students21. The Chinese people _A. is a great people B. are a great peopleC. are great people D. are great peoples22.Something was wrong with _ car, but luckily they knew how to fix it .A. Jims and Toms B.Jim and TomsC. Jims and Tom D. Jim and Tom23.He is a friend of _.A. Kates fathers B.Kates fatherC. Fathers of Kate D. Kate father24. The news of victories _ got round quickly.A.is B. are C. have been D./25.The rich_ not always happy.A.are B. is C. have D. has26.Your trousers _ dirty , you must have_ washed .A. is/it B.are/it C. is/them D.are/them27.He, including his parents , _ this novel.A. like B. likes C. are like D . is like28. There are three _ in our class.A. Zhous B. zhous C. zhous D. Zhouss29.This bridge is _ long .A. ten-meters B. ten meterC. ten-meters D. ten meters30.Mother made a new skirt with two meters of _.A. clothes B. cloth C. dress D. cloths31.If these trousers are too big , buy a small _.A.one B. copy C. pair D. set32. He dropped the _ and broke it .A. cup of coffee B. coffees cupC. cup coffee D. coffee cup33.Lets have a _ break.A. ten minutes B. ten-minutesC.ten minutes D. ten minute34._ should be strict with _.A .Teacher; a student B The teachers ; studentsC. Teachers ; students D. Teachers ; a student35.They played on the _ for an hour , and when they returned they found their goods _ stolen.A. sand ; were B. sand ; wasC. sands ; were D. sands ; was36.You should take more _. Dont always sit at the desk busy doing your _.A.exercise;exercise B. exercises; exercisesC.exercises; exercise D. exercise; exercises37._ is made of _.A. Glass; the glass B.A glass; glassC.Glass ; glass D. A glass; a glass38.In Britain _ are all printed red.A.letter boxes B. letters boxesC. letter box D. letters box39.This is an old photo of my mothers when she had _, and now she has _.A.short hair; grey hairs B. short hair; grey hairsC. short hair ; grey hair D. short hairs; grey hair40.There are four _ and two _ in the group.A Japanese; Germen B. Japaneses; GermenC.Japanese; German D. Japanese; germans41.This is the first time in our _ that we have come to Beijing.A.life B.live C. lives D. lifes42.He gained his _ by printing_ of famous writers.A.wealth; work B. wealths; worksC.wealths; work D. wealth; works43. Heres my card . Lets keep in _.A. connection B. relation C. touch D. friendship44.What about having a drink ? -_.A. Good idea B . Help yourselfC. Go ahead , please. D . Me, too.45.Its been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much. - _. A. My pleasure B. Im glad to hear thatC. No, thanks D. Its OK46.If the dictionary is not yours,_ can it be ?A.what else B.who else C.which elses D.who elses47. These books , which you can get at any bookshops, will give you _.A. all of information B . all of the informationC.all the informations D. all the information48.You could get _ here , I think.A. a work B. works C. job D. a job49.We used to play _ when we were young.A. in the sand B. in the sandsC. on the sand D. on the sands50.Tables are made of _.A. wood B. woods C. wooden D. some woods51.She always wears beautiful _. A. clothes B. cloth C. dress D. clothings52.Do you have any _ in learning English.A. troubles B. difficulties C. differences D.difficult53.Its _ great pleasure that you are here.A./ B. such a C. such D. the54. What _! We were wet all over.A. heavy rain B. heavy rainsC. a heavy rain D. big rain55.The _ can _ corn in many ways with different _.A. cooker; cook ;cook B. cook ; cook; cookersC. cooker; cook; cookers D. cook; cooker; cooker