1、 宾语从句教学设计 一、 导入 1. 复习什么是宾语。动词或介词后面的名词就是宾语。 I know him. We are talking about our homework. 2. 宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。 I know him. I know that he is seven years old. 说出两个句子的宾语,说出两个句子的宾语是词/词组还是句子。 说出下面句子的主句和从句: A. He said that he was happy. B. I don’t know whether /if they will come. C. H
2、e told me that the earth goes around the sun. D. He asked me how he could get to the nearest post station. 总结: 二、 宾语从句讲解 初步认识了宾语从句,下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素: 引导词/连接词;语序;时态 1. 引导词/连接词 功能 例词 从属连词 只起连接作用,不充当从句中的任何成分 that,if, whether 连接代词 既起连接作用,又在从句中充当一定的成分 who, whose, whom, which, what 连
3、接副词 既起连接作用,又在从句中作状语 where, when, why, how 1)从属连词that引导陈述句的宾语从句,that在句中没有词义,在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,在口语中常省略: I hear (that)he will be back in one hour. 2)由从属连词whether,if 引导的一般疑问句的宾语从句,意思是“是否“,比如上面的句B: I don’t know whether /if they will come. 3)由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what和连接副词where, when, why
4、 how引导的特殊疑问句的宾语从句。连接代词和连接副词连接主句和从句,并在从句中担当一定的成分,具有一定的意义,不可省略,比如上面的句子D。He asked me how he could get to the nearest post station. 注意:关于是否if 和whether的一些特殊用法 whether/if引导宾语从句,意思是“是否”,在从句中不充当句子成分,if和whether可以互换,但在以下情境中只能用whether不能用if。 a. whether 和 or not 连用 b.用于介词宾语 c. 后跟不定式 I don’t know _______
5、he will come or not. I don’t care about_________ he is handsome. He wondered _______ to stay here next week. 2. 语序 继续观察上面的句子,我们来看一下宾语从句的语序: A. He said that he was happy. B. I don’t know whether /if they will come. C. He told me that the earth goes around the sun. D. He asked me how he could
6、 get to the nearest post station. 总结:不论宾语从句是一个陈述句,一般疑问句还是特殊疑问句,变成宾语从句之后都要用陈述语序,也就是主语在前,谓语在后的结构。 改写宾语从句: 陈述句:Doctor Li is very patient. It is well- known that _____. 一般疑问句:Is Doctor Li very patient? John wants to know __________(用if或者whether引导) 特殊疑问句:How is Doctor Li? John
7、 wants to know ____ 注意:当引导词做宾语从句的主语时,从句的语序不变,比如常见的who和what Could you tell me who knows the answer? Could you tell me what is wrong with him? Could you tell me what is the matter with him? 例如: Could you tell me who is over there? (who 在从句中做主语) Could you tell me who he is? 3. 时态 1). 当主句的
8、谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句的谓语动词可用所需要的任何时态。 He says that Lily is(will be/ was) a doctor. 他说莉莉是(将要成为/过去是)医生。 I’ll tell you what I am doing (did/shall do). 我会告诉你我正在做(过去做/将要做)什么。 2). 当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种形式。 (一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时) He said that Lily was(would be/ had been) a doctor. 3).
9、从句表示普通真理时,即使主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。 The teacher told us the moon travels round the earth. 老师告诉我们,月亮绕地球转。 注意: 当情态动词would、 could表示委婉,客气的语气时,从句的时态则不受主句的限制。比如: Could you tell me how I can get to the post station. 当从句中有具体的表示过去的时间状语,那么即使从句动作发生在主句之前,从句还是要用一般过去时。比如: I heard that he went to Paris
10、 last night. 4. 宾语从句中的特殊句式: 1)在动词 think, find, consider等词后悔跟一个it 做形式宾语,而后面的that从句才是真正的宾语。比如:I find it impossible that he should finish his task in two days. 2)在think, believe等动词引起的宾语从句中,如果否定的是后面的从句,一般要将主句动词改为否定形式,而从句仍然用肯定式。 I don’t think you are right.(不用I think you are not right.)我认为你不对。 三、巩固训练






