1、1、 英语音标发音表 国际音标(英语语音) 元音 单元音 前元音 [i:] [i] [e] [æ] 中元音 [ʌ] [ə:] [ə] 后元音 [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ] [a:] 双元音 开合双元音 [ei] [ai] [ɔi] [əu] [au] 集中双元音 [iə] [εə] [uə] 辅音 爆破音 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] 摩擦音 清辅音 [f] [s] [ʃ] [θ] [h] 浊辅音 [v]
2、 [z] [ʒ] [ð] 破擦音 清辅音 [tʃ] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音 [dʒ] [dr] [dz] 鼻音 (浊辅音) [m] [n] [ŋ] 舌侧音 (浊辅音) [l] [r] 半元音 (浊辅音) [w] [j] 英语国际音标共48个音素,其中元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。 [i:]字母组合 ee ea e ie --three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead tea
3、cher team mean speak clean piece [æ]发音字母 a--bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man [e]字母组合 ea e a--head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any []字母组合ir ur ear er or--girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird
4、 turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard [ε]字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u--teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago ele
5、phant manta banana Canada [a:] 字母组合 ar a--car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm []发音字母 u o ou oo--up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood []字母组合 al or au our ar--small wall talk tall hall ball call walk
6、short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter []发音字母 o a--hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch [u:]字母组合 oo o u--food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude [u]
7、字母组合 oo ou u o--look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf [ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai ey--name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey [ai]发音字母 i y--bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye [au]字母组合 ou ow--house out
8、flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town []发音字母 o ow oa--home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal [i]字母组合 eer ear--beer deerear near here fierce idea []字母组合ear air ere--pear bear chair air fair there where care [u]字
9、母组合our ower--hour tour flower shower [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky [g] girl good goal goat grade long language [m] man make moon morning move come comb [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean [
10、] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning [l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul [r] read red right run room write [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough [v] very evening even every voice vest of [s] six sit student sam
11、e seat kiss miss case scarf [z] zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those [] that this those these though [∫] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention [h] hot hop home house horse how who [w] when what where window wind wood [j] yes year yell you your yolk yel
12、low [] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach [] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk [tr] tree country try treat track trunk [dr] dry dream drop drive drink [ts] students boots boats goats nuts [dz] goods woods moods hoods time [taim] n
13、 时间;时代;次数 what time [wɔt taim] 几点;什么时候 go to school [ɡəu tu: sku:l] 上学 get up ['get ʌp] 起床 shower ['ʃauə] n. 淋浴;阵雨 take a shower [teik ə ʃauə] 淋浴,洗澡 usually ['ju:ʒuəli] adv. 通常,经常 o'clock [ə'klɔk] abbr. …点钟 work [wə:k] n. 工作;职业 hour ['auə] n. 小时;时间;时刻 brush
14、 [brʌʃ] n. 刷子 teeth [ti:θ] n. 牙齿(tooth的复数形式) after ['ɑ:ftə] prep. 在…之后 go to work [ɡəu tu: wə:k] 去上班 get to [get tu:] 到达 bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车 hotel [həʊ'tel] n. 旅馆 all [ɔ:l] n. 全部 night [nait] n. 夜晚,晚上 love [lʌv] vt. 爱;热爱 listen ['lisən] vi. 听 home [həum
15、] n. 家;住宅 morning ['mɔ:niŋ] n. 早晨,上午 go to bed [ɡəu tu: bed] 上床睡觉 job [dʒɔb] n. 工作 am [æm] v. 上午 afternoon ['ɑ:ftə'nu:n] n. 下午,午后 evening ['i:vniŋ] n. 晚上;黄昏 homework ['həumwə:k] n. 家庭作业 do home work [du: 'həumwə:k] 做作业 go home [ɡəu həum] 回家 letter [
16、'letə] n. 信 around [ə'raund] prep. 在…附近;大约; start [stɑ:t] v. 开始;出发 write [rait] v. 写;写作 tell [tel] vt. 告诉;讲述;吩咐 me [mi:] pron. 我(宾格) soon [su:n] adv. 不久;一会儿;立刻 英语朗读技巧 (一)什么是连读。 在连贯地说话或朗读时,在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中,如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,就要自然地将辅音和元音相拼,构成一个音节,这就是连读。连读
17、时的音节一般不重读,只需顺其自然地一带而过,不可以加音,也不可以读得太重。如:not at all这个短语。连读时听起来就像是一个单词。注意:连读只发生在句子中的同一个意群中。在两个意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音和元音出现,也不可连读。如:Please take a look at it.这个句子中take a look at it是同一个意群,那么take与a可连读,look与at可连读,at与it可连读。在There is a book in it.一句中book与in往往不连读,因为book与in分别在两个不同的意群中。 (二)连读的详细情况 1. 辅音+元音”型连读 在同一个意
18、群中,相邻的两个词,前者以辅音音素结尾,后者以元音音素开头,往往要拼在一起连读。如: He is a student. (is与a要连读) That is a right answer. (That与is, is和a, right和answer都可以连读) I'll be back in half an hour. (back和in, half和an, an与hour都可以连读)。 That’s why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.(Cet4 07.0). You cle
19、an it up yourself.(Cet4 06,6,12) 2. “r/re+元音”型连读 在同一个意群中如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。 如:here and there连读时往往读作/。hiEr End `TZE /。a pair of shoes连读时读作/E `pZEr Ev `FU:z/. They’re my father~and mother. I looked for~it here~and there. There~is a football under~it.
20、 但是,如果一个音节的前后都有字母r,即使后面的词以元音开头,也不能连读。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.(nearer与and不可连读) There was never a fight. (Cet4 06,6,11) But at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours. (Cet4 06,6,3) (3)“辅音+半元音”型连读 语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音,如果前一个词是以辅音结尾,后一个词是以半元音,特别是/j/开头,此时也要连读。 Thank~yo
21、u. Nice to meet~you. Did~you get there late~again? Would~you like~a cup~of tea? Could~you help me, please? (4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。 I~am Chinese. He~is very friendly to me. She wants to study~English. How~and why did you come here? She can’t carry~
22、it. (5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时,意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现,也不可连读。 Is~it a~hat or a cat?(hat与or之间不可以连读) There~is~a good book in my desk. (book与in之间不可以连读) Can you speak~English or French? (English与or之间不可以连读) 二、 音的同化 音的同化也是一种连读的现象,两个词之间非常平滑的过渡,导致一个音受临音影响而变化。主要是以下三种方式: 1、 辅音[d]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[dэ]:Would yo
23、u....? 2、 辅音[t]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[t∫]: Can’t you:。。。。? 3、 辅音[s]与[j]相邻时, 被同化为[∫]: Miss you 4. 辅音[z]与[j]相邻时, 被同化为[э]: because you 四、 浊化 1、[S] 后面的清辅音要浊化 Discussion: [k] 浊化成 [g] Stand: [t] 浊化成[d] Expression: [p]浊化成 [b] 2、美音中:[t] 在单词的中间被浊化成[d] 如: writer, 听起来和 rider 的发音几乎没有区别 letter—ladd
24、er 点击二:不完全爆破 (一)什么是不完全爆破。 爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。这些音有6个,即/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/和/g/。但在某些情况下,发爆破音时,气流不必冲破阻碍,而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,并稍做停顿,(也就是说,做好要发出这个爆破音的准备,但不要发出音来),这样的发音过程叫作"不完全爆破"。 (二)不完全爆破的详细情况 1. /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/这6个爆破音中的任何两个音素相邻时,前者发不完全爆破音,后者则要完全地。彻底地进行爆破。如: 1)
25、He has a ba(d) col(d) today. 2) You shoul(d) ta(k)e care of the children. Gla(d) to meet you. 2.爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/在[tʃ], /d/, /w/, /t/的前面时不完全爆破。如: 1) Have you rea(d) the book abou(t) tha(t) child。 2) The thir(d) chair is broken. 3.爆破音/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/在/m/, /n/
26、 /l/, /s/的前面时不完全爆破。如: 1) Goo(d) morning, sir. 2) Goo(d) night. 3) They are very frien(d)ly to us. 注意:不完全爆破可以发生在单词、短语或句子中 because [bi'kɔz] conj. 因为 description [di'skripʃən] n. 描述,描写 word [wɜ:d] n. 单词;话语 teacher ['ti:tʃə] n. 教师 Mrs ['misiz] n. 夫人,太太 partner ['p
27、ɑ:tnə] n. 搭档,合作者 city ['siti] n. 市,城市 dad [dæd] n. 爸爸 Tuesday ['tju:zdi] n. 星期二 Thursday ['θɜ:zdi] n. 星期四 Wednesday ['wenzdi] n. 星期三 Friday ['fraidi] n. 星期五 Monday ['mʌndi] n. 星期一 biology [bai'ɔlədʒi] n. 生物(学);生态学 busy ['bizi] a. 忙(碌)的 next [nekst]
28、 a. 下一个的;贴近的 strict [strikt] a. 严格的;严厉的 tired ['taiəd] a. 疲劳的,累的;厌倦的 Miss [mis] 小姐 (冠于未婚女子前的称呼) ask [ɑ:sk] v. 问,询问;要求;邀请 any ['eni] a. 任何的;一些 dog [dɔɡ] n. 狗 around [ə'raund] prep. 在附近,到处; America [ə'merikə] n. 美国;美洲 so [səu] adv. 如此,这么 China ['tʃainə] n. 中国 before [bi'fɔ:] prep. 在…以前 hobby ['hɔbi] n. 业余爱好,嗜好 today [tə'dei] n. 今天;现今 life [laif] n. 生命;生活






