英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案.doc

中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案 动词一 、动词的种类：四种（一）行为动词 ( 如 play study run ) 有具体动作意义（二）连系动词 （如 is am are get feel keep stay ）等， 后+形容词作表语（三）情态动词 （如 can may must should would）等，表示禁止、命令、请求等意义，+动词原形（四）助动词 （如 be +v ing 中的be ；Do you .?中的do ；He doesnt like .中的doesnt; Did you have.?中的did ）只起语法作用，无意义，不必翻译二 、动词的形式： （一）动词原形 如play study run （二）动词过去式 如 played studied ran （三）动词三单形式 如 plays studies runs （四）动词ing 形式 （也叫动名词或现在分词） 如 playing studying running （五）动词不定式 （即 to +动词原形）如 to play to study to run 三、选择动词正确形式的方法（一） 主语后需填动词时，注意动词的时态，主要从该句中的时间状语来判断，有时也要从上下语境来判断。如 I (like ) comedies ,but I dont like thrillers 从后句I dont like 可判断前句是一般现在时，所以根据主语I 填入like 的原形注意常见的时态有： 1、一般现在时，常与often ; always .once a week every day 等词或短语连用2、现在进行时，主语+ be+v-ing 形式，常与look , listen , over there now 祈使句等连用3、一般将来时 用现在进行时来表示 即 主语+be +v ing 形式，常与 next Sunday tomorrow for vacation 等词连用4.一般过去时 常与yesterday last year，long before等词连用根据上面提示，完成下列句子1Lila is an English girl ,but she _(like ) Beijing Opera 2.Look ! The students _(play )basketball over there . 3What _they _ (do) for their vacation? 4 How _ (be) the weather in Shanghai ? It was rainy5 _ you _ (go ) fishing with Zhanghua? Yes, I did. 6.Are you _ (feel) well ? No,Doctor .（二） 如果主语后谓语不缺少，则考虑特殊动词后的用法。下面我们来介绍接to do , doing 和do 原形的特殊动词，动词短语和句型（1） 接to do 形式的动词有：1 want to do sth. 想要做某事want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 2 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3 need to do sth.需要做 4 plan to do sth.计划做 5 hope to do sth. 希望做 6 try to do sth.尽量做 7 decide to do sth. 决定做 8 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.（该某人）做 的时间 9 Im sorry to hear that + 句子 听到很难过 10 have to do sth.必须做 11 would like to do sth.=want to do sth . 想要做12 forget to do sth.忘记做13 remember to do sth . 记住要去做（区别remember doing）14 ask sb. to do sth.请求/要求某人做 15 Its kind of you to do sth 谢谢你做16 It takes sb.(宾语) 一段时间 to do sth .花费某人一段时间做17 Its +形容词+(for sb. )+ to do sth. （对于某人而言）做很完成下面练习1 What does he want _ (be ) ? A nurse 2Hey ,Tom .Its time _( take ) walks .3 Is it easy _( keep ) a balance of yin and yang ?4 Where do you plan _(spend ) your vacation ?5 You.re often late for school .Can you try _(get )to school early ?6 Let me help you _-(find ) your watch .7What would you like _(eat ) ? Noodles.8 Beijing is a good place _(have ) fun .9 I am so thirsty ,could you give me something _(drink)? 10 We need to have healthy food _(keep ) healthy（动词不定式作目的状语 为了）.（2）后接doing 形式的有：1. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做/享受做的乐趣2.finish doing sth.完成做3.stop doing sth停止做4.practice doing sth 练习做.5.sb.+spends time (in)doing sth. 某人花费时间做 6.have fun doing sth.做 很有趣 7.be busy doing sth . 忙于做8.be good at doing sth. =do well in doing sth. . 擅长于做 9.thanks for doing sth. 谢谢你做 10. keep doing sth .坚持做 11. How about doing sth.? =What about doing sth .? 怎么样（用来提建议）?完成下面的练习1 They all enjoyed _(camp ) yesterday. 2Please finish _(make) cakes ! 3Dont stop_(practice) the English conversations.4You should practice _(swim) a lot if you want to stay healthy.5Thailand is a beautiful country .How about _(go)there and _(visit) it ?.6Were you often busy_(surf ) the Internet last year ? Yes I was 7Did Mary have fun _(hike ) in the mountains last Friday?8They are good at _(speak ) Japanese . 9.Tina , Thanks for _(help) me 表示做某事是一种习惯，爱好时也可用v ing 形式，或作句子的主语如：Eating too much is bad for your health .或作句子的表语如：My hobby is playing basketball在某些固定短语中也用v ing 形式如：do some reading/cleaning /washing /shopping. 还有go shopping/swimming/hiking/bike riding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing（滑雪）.（3）既可接v-ing 形式，还可接to 形式，且意义相同的动词有like doing =like to do , start doing =start to do ; begin to do =begin doing remember/forget/stop（4）后接动词原形有:1使役动词如：make let 等词后，它们的意义为使，叫 ，让2情态动词如：can ,could, may , must , would ,should 等词后3祈使句中，如：-Jane ,_(come ) here ,please .-OK,Mary Dont _(forget) to close your door .祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法 如：Dont smoke here =No smoking here 但是第二种形式多用于公共场合4Lets +v原形（用来提建议）5 Why not +v 原形？ （用来提建议）=Why dont you +v 原形？完成下列句子1I could _(read )a book when I was 4 years old .2Can you please _(write ) to me soon ?3You should _(lie ) down and rest when you are stressed out .4 The sad movie made everyone _(cry) 5 That makes me _(feel) happy. 动词专项练习( ) 1. - How long may I _ your book? -For a week. But you musnt _ it to others.A. borrow; lend B. keep; lend C. lend; borrow D. keep; borrow( ) 2. It wont _ them much time to fly to Beijing from Shanghai. A. spend B. use C. take D. pay( ) 3. Mr Wang _ be in Nanjing now, he went to Beijing only this morning. A. mustnt be B. may not C. cant D. neednt( ) 4. Do you like the music the Moonlight Sonata? -Yes, it _ really beautiful. A. Feels B. sounds C. listens D. hears( ) 5. Lily finished _ the book yesterday.A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads( ) 6. Mrs Brown isnt here. She has to _ her baby at home. A. look at B. look for C. look like D. look after( ) 7. I have to go now. please remember to _ the lights when you leave. A. turn off B. turn down C. turn up D. turn on ( ) 8. Susans parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It _ be very expensive. A. must B. can C. mustnt D. cant( ) 9. Its too hot. Would you mind _ the door? - _. Please do it now. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly notC. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea( ) 10. I want to _ this book for a month. A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. get( ) 11. How many times _ you _ to Beijing this year? -Three times. A. have; been B. had; been C. have; gone D. had; gone( ) 12. What a nice bag! But she _ only thirty dollars for it. A. cost B. took C. spend D. paid( ) 13. Cotton _ nice and soft. A. is felt B. is feeling C. feel D. feels( ) 14. I think this is the best way to solve the problem. Do you _ me? A. play with B. hear of C. agree with D. get on well with( ) 15. Guess who is coming to supper. I dont know. _ me. A. Speak B. Say C. Tell D. Talk( ) 16. Please _ your phones here with you tomorrow. A. take B. bring C. carry D. lift( ) 17. Dont _ your lessons. Well help you. A. worry B. worried about C. be worried about D. be afraid( ) 18. The window is broken. Try to _ who broke it. A. find out B. find C. look D. look for( ) 19. He could _ neither French nor German. So I _ with him in English.A. speak; talked B. talk; told C. say; spoke D. tell; talked( ) 20. The ticket is on the floor. Would you please _ for me? A. pick it up B. pick up it C. pick up them D. pick them up( ) 21. If you dont know a word, you must _ the word in a dictionary. A. look up B. look down C. look over D. look out( ) 22. Its time for class. Wed better _. A. stop to talk B. to stop to talk C. stop talking D. to stop talking( ) 23. There was a strange sound outside. Mary went out and _ around, but she _ nothing. A. looked; saw B. saw; saw C. watched; looked D. looked; find( ) 24. The woman _ the child quickly and took him to hospital. A. put on B. dressed C. had on D. was wearing( ) 25. Oh, you painted the walls yourself? -Yes. It was not hard. The whole work didnt _ much. A. want B. cost C. spend D. pay( ) 26. -_ all your things, Tom! I hate them here and there. OK, Mum. A. Put up B. Put on C. Put down D. Put away( ) 27. Yuki loves wearing strange hats because she wants people to _ her. A. believe B. control C. notice D. visit( ) 28. _! Its the music of Mozart. Be quiet.A. Hear B. Sound C. Sing D. Listen( ) 29. The room is so dirty. _ we clean it? - Of course. A. Will B. Would C. Do D. Shall( ) 30. We must do something to stop people from _.A. to throw litter about B. to throw litter into C. throwing litter about D. throwing litter into 情态动词专项练习Exercise1: Circle the best answer. 1. Look! The light is out in her room. She_ to bed already. a. must go b.had to go c.must have gone d .has gone 2. Our Chinese teacher is sixty-six. Oh, no. She _ over sixty, I think. a. is b.mustnt be c.cant be d.shouldnt be 3. They hurried so that they _ not miss thee train. a. might b.should c.ought d.could 4. I _ go home a bit later tonight than come again tomorrow. a. would rather b.had to c.had better d.must 5. Lets hurry or well be late.I dont think we_ to go right now, its only eight. a. ought b.have c.need d.should 6. You _ smoke more. It will make you sick. a. shouldnt b.cant c.dont have d.wouldnt 7. We had a wonderful time yesterday. You_.Why didnt you come? a. had to come b.should have come c.might have come d.must have come 8. I _ leave home alone at night without permission. a. dont dare b.darent c.havent to d.darent to 9. This _Bills house. Its number101. Oh, I dont think so. He said a large white house but this is a small yellow one. a. can be b.must be c.may be d.maybe 10. Students shouldnt forget to study. They _ to do their homework every day. a. ought b.should c.must d.mightExercise 2: Circle the letter of the best answer. 1. Why did you answer so?You _ me you werent coming to dinner. I waited for you for two hours. a. should tell b. should have told c . should told d. should had told 2. Why didnt you come to yoga classes last night? Because I _for my sister until 9:30. a. must have babysat b. had to babysit c. must babysit d . have to babysit 3. Helen, will you be at the party tonight? I_a. cant b. wont c. mustnt d. shouldnt 4. What time do you expect your parents?They _ come around 4:00. a. are b. ought c. should d. can 5. Have you seen Marie? She wasnt feeling well. _gone home. a. She might been b. Might she have c. She might has d. She could 6. Has Tonys plane landed?No, but it _here in a few minutes. a. may have been b. should have been c. have to be d. ought to be 7. Why are you putting on your coat? I _ go . Its getting late. a. had better b. ought c. would d. have 8. Do you like to play tennis? I _ , but now I prefer golf. a. used to b. used to do c. used to played d. used to playing 9. Youre a really fast swimmer.When I was younger, I _a mile in forty minutes. a.could swim b. should swim c. may swim d. must swim 10. I cant seem to find my purse. _it at home? a. You might have left b. Might you have left c. You must leave d. Maybe you leave Phrases:1.They shut _their town house and moved to the country for the summer. A. down B. off C. in D. up2.In developing countries people are_ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.A. breaking B. filling C. pouring D. hurrying3.It was unwise of her to _ the unreliable(不可靠的) data in her report.A. refer to B. keep to C. add to D. point to4.My brother wants to buy a new tie to _ this white suit. A. go into B. go after C. go with D. go by5.I need a book dealing _ pollution problems.A. about B. with C. on D. to6.I was caught _ the rain yesterday. A. in B. by C. with D. at7.We always _ what we have said. A. get to B. lead to C. hold to D. see toB.The statesmans ability to learn from observations(观察) and experience _ greatly to his success in public life.A. contributed B. brought C. meant D. related9When Mrs. Johnson gets old, she will _ her business to her son.A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. get over10Important people dont often have much free time as their work takes _ all their time.A. away B. over C. in D. up12.The moon shines brightly, as if it gave _ light by itself. A. off B. away C. up D. in13.The car broke _ halfway for no reason.A. off B. down C. up D. out14.If you happen to _ my lost papers while youre looking for you book, please inform me at once.A. come across B. come to C. come up D. come over15.My grandmother passed _ at the age of ninety-nine. A.on B. away C. off D. by16.How do you get _ with you new classmates since you had entered into a new school?A. in B. along C. long D. across17.A word from the teacher will have a great _ on our children.A. efficiency B. effect C. effort D. affect18.We finally _ an agreement after three months hard bargaining（讨价还价）.A. reached B. arrived C. did D. drove19.In her letter he told me that he had already _ a room for us in a hotel.A. ordered B. applied C. reserved D. demanded20.He _ my invitation with thank because of his busy business.A. accepted B.answered C. refused D. ignored21.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come22. Shall I tell John about it? No, you _. Ive told him already.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt23. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been24.Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. wont;