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1、 6、化学变化伴随的现象有改变颜色、发光发热、产生气体、产生沉淀物。类型 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语 be动词(ABC) am was been 是 is are were AB型 can could / 能 may might 可以；也许；可能 shall should 将要；会；…好吗 will would 将要；会；愿意；要 AAA型 cost cost cost 值（多少钱）；花费 cut cut cut 切；剪；削；割 hit hit hit 打；撞；击中 hurt hurt hurt 伤害；受
2、伤；伤人感情 let let let 让 must must must 必须；应当；必定是 put put put 放；摆 read read read 读；朗读 set set set 放；安置 shut shut shut 关上；封/禁闭；合拢 spread spread spread 延伸；展开 AAB型 beat beat beaten 敲打；击打；打赢 ABA型 become became become 变得；成为 come came come 来；来到 run ran run 跑/奔跑；（颜
3、色）褪色 ABB型 bring brought brought 拿来；带来；取来 build built built 建筑；建立 burn burnt burnt 燃烧/着火；使烧焦/晒黑 buy bought bought 买 catch caught caught 接/捉住;赶上;染上（疾病） creep crept crept 爬行（横向的） dig dug dug 挖（洞、沟等）；掘 dream dreamt dreamt 梦；梦想 feed fed fed 喂（养）；饲（养） feel felt felt
4、 感觉；觉得；摸；触 fight fought fought 打架/仗；与…打仗 find found found 找到；发现；感到 get got got 成为；得到；具有；达到 hang hung hung 悬挂；吊着；把…吊起 have / has had had 有；吃/喝；进行/经受 hear heard heard 听见；听说；得知 hold held held 拿/抱；握住;举行 keep kept kept 保持；保存；继续不断 lay laid laid 放；搁 lead led led 领导；
5、带领 learn learnt learnt 学；学习；学会 leave left left 离开；把…留下；剩下 lend lent lent 借（出）；把…借给 lose lost lost 失去；丢失 make made made 制造；做；使得 mean meant meant 意思是；意指 meet met met 遇见；见到 pay paid paid 付钱；给…报酬 say said said 说；讲 sell sold sold 卖；售 send sent sent 打发；派遣；送；邮寄
6、shine shone shone 发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮 sit sat sat 坐 sleep slept slept 睡觉 smell smelt smelt 嗅；闻到；发出（气味） spell spelt spelt 拼写 spend spent spent 度过；花费（钱/时间） spill spilt spilt 溢出；溅出；洒出 spit spat spat 吐痰；吐唾沫 spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋；损坏；溺爱 stand stood stood 站；立；起立；/坐落；经受；持久 s
7、tick stuck stuck 粘住；钉住；坚持 sweep swept swept 扫除；扫 teach taught taught 教书；教 tell told told 告诉；讲述；吩咐 think thought thought 想；认为；考虑 understand understood understood 懂得；明白；理解 win won won 获胜；赢得 wind wound wound 蜿蜒 ABC型 bear bore born 生殖，生育；容忍，忍受 begin began begun 开始
8、着手 blow blew blown 吹；刮风；吹气 break broke broken 打破；损坏；撕开 choose chose chosen 选择 do did done 做；干 draw drew drawn 绘画；绘制；拉；拖；提取（金钱） drink drank drunk 喝；饮 drive drove driven 驾驶；开（车）；驱赶 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落（下）；降落; 倒 fly flew flown （鸟/飞机）飞；（人乘飞机）飞行；（旗子）
9、飘动 forget forgot forgotten 忘记；忘掉 freeze froze frozen 结冰 give gave given 给；递给；付出；给予 go went gone 去；走；变得；通往 grow grew grown 生长；发育；种植；变得 hide hid hidden 把…藏起来；隐藏 know knew known 知道；了解；认识；懂得 lie lay lain 躺；卧；平放；位于 mistake mistook mistaken 弄错 ride rode ridden 骑（马/自
10、行车）；乘车 ring rang rung （钟/铃）响；打电话 rise rose risen 上升；上涨 see saw seen 看见/到；领会；拜会 shake shook shaken （使）动摇；震动 show showed shown 给…看；出示；显示 sing sang sung 唱；唱歌 sink sank sunk 下沉；沉没 speak spoke spoken 说；讲；谈话；发言 steal stole stolen 偷；窃取 swim swam swum 游泳；游 take took taken 拿；拿走；做；/服（药）；乘坐；花费 throw threw thrown 投；掷；扔 wake woke woken 醒；醒来；叫醒 wear wore worn 穿；戴 write wrote written 写；书写；写作；著述 注：Have been in强调“过去曾去过”之意，表示经验；have been to的意思是“过去到过而现在已返回”，它强调“最近的经历”；have gone to表示“动作的完成”，强调人已离开说话的地方。
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