1、 指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。可分为专有名词与普通名词,可数名词与不可数名词,简单名词与复合名词。 普通名词:人和物,物有可数名词和不可数名词。 专有名词:人名、地名、国家名、单位名、组织名(有一个特点:第一字母是大写的) (一)名词的所有关系 ① 在英语中,有些名词可以加’s来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格。大多数表示有生命的东西。但是表示时间的名词特殊 如. Tom’s book My mother’s book 3 hours’ time ② 如果复数名词末尾已有s就直接加 ’ 。如 the te
2、achers’ office ③ 如果一些物品为两者共有,只需在后一个名词后加’s ;如果为各自所有,则需在每个名词后加’s。 如. Lucy and Lily’s bedroom.Lucy 和 Lily共用一个卧室 Lucy’s and Lily’s bedrooms.Lucy 和 Lily分别拥有各自的卧室 ④ 表示无生命的物体的名词所有格,一般与of短语连用。 如 a map of the world a photo of my family ⑤ 双重所有格把of所有格和’s所有格结合在一起表示所有关系。 如 a friend of my fathe
3、r’s (二)可数名词前加a或者an 规则:辅音前面加a,元音前面加an。 首先要分清是可数还是不可数名词。还要记一些特殊情况的单词。 (1)不可数名词:oil, water, sugar, milk, flour, coffee, rubbish ,paper ,soup, ink, cabbage, meat, wood, money, beer ,cloth, ice前面不能加a 或者an (2)国家名前面也不能加a或者an (3)这几个单词前需要加a: ( a )Unit, ( a )university, ( a )uniform (三)可数名词变复数 1.不
4、可数名词都默认为单数 2.名词单数转换为复数 各种不同情况 变化方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds 以s. x. sh. ch结尾 以o结尾的表示有生命动植物 加-es bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peach—peaches glass—glasses tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i, 再加-es family-families stu
5、dy--studies 以“f或fe”结尾 变f或fe为v,再加-es knife-knives leaf——leaves 不规则名词复数 man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese 习题: 一、根据题意选出正确的答案 1. They got much _____ from those new books. A
6、 ideas B. photos C. news D. stories 2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges 3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home . A. 25 minutes’ walk B.
7、25 minute’s walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk 4. An old _______ wants to see you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to __________. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple
8、 D. chicken and apples 6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________. A. room’s number B. rooms’ number C. room numbers D. rooms’ numbers 7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________. A. family B. house C. home D. room 8. __
9、 mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peter’s B. Mary and Peter C. Mary’s and Peter D. Mary’s and Peter’s 9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncle’s C. her uncles
10、 D. aunt’s 答:①我们每个人要做到不乱扔果皮,不随地吐痰,爱护花草树木,搞好环境卫生,保护好身边的环境。②力争做一个环保小卫士,向身边的人宣传和倡议环保。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience 5、草蛉是蚜虫的天敌,七星瓢虫吃蚜虫,蜻蜓吃蚊子。 C. an experience D. a lot experience 二、请写出下列词的复
11、数形式。 3、米饭里面的主要成分是淀粉。米饭淀粉遇到碘酒,颜色变成蓝色,这种蓝色物质是一种不同于米饭和淀粉的新物质。city _____ zoo ______country _____ tooth ____ mouse _____ book__________ dress_________ sheep___________ tea______ strawberry_________ peach__________ sandwich__________ 6、你还知道哪些环境问题?它们都对地球造成了哪些影响?paper_________ juice
12、 water____________ fish_________ 答:说明米饭不是甜的,但米饭含有淀粉,在我们咀嚼的过程中发生了变化,变得有甜味了。三、填入所给名词的正确形式 1. I have two____________ (knife) 3、我们在水中发现了什么微生物呢?(P18)2. There are many ___________ here. (box) 7、我们每个人应该怎样保护身边的环境?3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus) 4. A few __________
13、 are drawing on the wall. (boy) 10、生物学家列文虎克于1632年出生在荷兰,他制成了世界上最早的可放大300倍的金属结构的显微镜。他用自制的显微镜发现了微生物。5. The ______________ are playing football now. (child) 6、化学变化伴随的现象有改变颜色、发光发热、产生气体、产生沉淀物。6. Please take two _______________ for me. (photo) 7. I like the red ________________.(tomato) 8. Wou
14、ld you please clean your _____________ now? (tooth) 9. Do you want some _________? (milk) 10. There are ten ________ _______in our school. (woman teacher) 2、昆虫种类繁多,分布很广,它们有着和其他动物不同的身体构造和本领。 答案: 一、C C A B D C C D B B 二cities zoos countries teeth mice books d
15、resses sheep teas strawberries peaches sandwiches papers juice water fish 二.1. knives 2.boxes 3.buses 4.boys 5.children 6.photos 7.tomatoes 8.teeth 9.milk 10.women teachers teacher: tom, why are you late for school every day? tom: every time i come to the corner, a sign says, "school-go slow". 老师:汤姆,您为什么每天上学迟到? 汤姆:我每次路过拐角,一个路标上面写着:"学校----慢行。"






