2022高中化学苏教版必修一专题1第一单元第三课时随堂基础巩固2.docx

Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future
Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)
1．impression n．印象→be impressed_by/with 对……印象深刻→be impressed_on/upon被……铭记
2．take_up拿起；接受；继续；开始→take in 吸收；欺骗→take_off 起飞；受欢迎→take over接管→take_on 呈现；雇佣
3．previous adj.早先的→previous_to比……早

5．lack n. & vt. & vi.缺乏→lack of...缺乏……
6．lose_sight_of 看不见→catch sight of 看见→be in_sight 看得见→be out of sight 看不见
7．optimistic adj.乐观的→pessimistic adj.悲观的
8．speed_up加速→slow_down减速
Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)
1．uncertain adj.无把握的→certain adj.有把握的→certainty n．确切；把握
2．adjustment n．调整→adjust vt.调整；调节；适应
3．press v. & n．按；压→pressure n．压力
4．efficiency n．效率→efficient adj.效率高的
5．representative adj. & n．有代表性的；代表→represent vt.代表
Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)
1．His lack_of(缺乏) previous(早先的) experience didn’t hold him back.Instead, he was quite optimistic(乐观的) that he would be successful with his constant(连续不断的) efforts.
2．Ladies and gentlemen, I’m a stewardess(女乘务员) on the plane.We are speeding_up(加速) now.Please make sure your safety_belt(平安带) has been fastened(系牢)．
3．Press(按) the button(按钮) and instantly(立刻地), the used materials(材料) will be recycled(回收利用)．
4．My previous_impression(先前的印象) of the desert is from the pictures and it attracts me a lot but many people say its heat is hard to tolerate(忍受)．
5．After they moved to the new settlement(定居点), he took_up(开始) farming and enjoyed the beautiful surroundings(环境)．
Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)
The guide is impressed by the citizens’ optimism about the surroundings and ecology here.The problem of recycling has been settled.
Ⅴ.课文原句背诵
1．Worried_about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
因为担忧这次旅行，最初几天我心里很不安。
2．Having_said_this,_he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor.
说完这个，他把一些食物摆在桌子上，而且还从地板上弄出一张床来。
3．However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what_looked_like_a_large_market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多的车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Time，________ correctly, is money in the bank. (2022·湖南，23)
A．to use B．used
C．using D．use
答案　B

(考查单元语法)
2．They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic. (2022·山东，25)
A．put off B．speed up
C．turn on D．work out
答案　B
解析　句意为：他们正拓宽桥面来加快车流速度。put off推迟，推延；speed up加快速度；turn on翻开，接通，取决于；work out算出，弄懂，产生结果。由题干中的关键信息broadening和the flow of traffic可知此处填speed up“加快速度〞。
(教材原句：When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up...)
3．Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man________and left. (2022·四川，8)
A．took up B．got up
C．shut up D．set up

解析　句意为：珍妮正在找座位，这时，很幸运的是，有一个人站起来走了。take up占据，开始从事；get up起床，起身；shut up闭嘴；set up建立，创立由句意知选B项。
(教材原句：I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.)
4．More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities________space. (2022·福建，27)
A．in search of B．in place of
C．for lack of D．for fear of
答案　C
解析　句意为：由于缺乏空间，在大城市里已经建起了越来越多的高层建筑。in search of寻找，搜寻；in place of代替；for lack of由于缺乏；for fear of由于害怕。根据句意应选C。
(教材原句：Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.)
5．First impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get________second chance to make________first impression. (2022·北京，35)
A．a；the B．the；the
C．a；a D．the；a
答案　C
解析　句意为：第一印象是持续时间最长的。毕竟，你永远不会再有时机给人留下一个第一印象。序数词前用不定冠词表示“再一次〞；第二个空表示给人留下一个第一印象，所以两空格都用不定冠词。
Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉
1．It makes the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared, and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can’t pay attention. (2022·陕西·阅读第二节)
这使得做演讲的人听起来不那么肯定，好似没做好准备，而且使听演讲的人很生气以致于没法集中精力。

现在回想那一天，它确实缺乏真实感。

他们能学会怎样读懂对方的身体信号，说明这两个人比先前我们认为的更有相同点。

据估计，每年公司平均失去10%到30%的顾客。在这个不断变换的市场，这也缺乏为奇。
Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英
1．风筝一直飘在空中那是因为它被系在一个卷轴上，否那么，它会立刻失去平衡最终撞到地面上。(instantly) (2022·上海·书面表达)
A kite stays afloat because it’s attached to a reel; otherwise it will instantly lose its balance before eventually crashing into the ground.
2．不是靠我自己而是团队的合作让我摆脱了麻烦并使我的工作效率更高。(efficiently)
(2022·湖北·短文写作)
It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficiently.
历年高考热点：speed up，take up，lack，
impression，uncertain，previously，constantly，
instantly，efficiently等的用法。
2022考点预测：instant，lack，press，switch，guide，
lose sight of，take up，in all directions等的用法。
1
双语释义adj.立即的，立刻的(immediate)；速食的；即食的；速溶的；n.瞬间，片刻(moment)；某一时刻

学情诊断
(1)一句多译
我一看到他，就知道他是个老师。
①The_instant/The_moment/The_minute/The_second_I_saw_him，I_knew_he_
was_a_teacher.
②Instantly/Immediately/Directly_I_saw_him，I_knew_he_was_a_teacher.
③As_soon_as_I_saw_him，I_knew_he_was_a_teacher.
(2)As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ________energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.
A．primary B．alternative
C．instant D．unique
答案　B
解析　句意为：因为石油和煤越来越少，科学家们正在探索能够充分利用太阳能、风能、水能等可替代性能源的方法。alternative可选择的，可替代的，符合句意。primary首要的，初期的；instant立即的，立刻的；unique独特的。
归纳拓展
for an instant一会儿，片刻
in an instant立即，马上

instantly adv.立即，马上；conj.一……就……(＝as soon as＝immediately)
思考　表示“一……就……〞的结构有：the minute，the moment，the second，as soon as，instantly，immediately，directly，hardly...when...，no sooner...than...等。
2
双语释义vt.缺乏；没有(have none or not enough)；n.缺乏；短缺的东西
学情诊断
(1)用适当的介词填空
①Peter was severely lectured for lack of consideration for his mother.
②I will see that you lack for nothing while you attend college.

(2)The scientist abandoned his research ________ funds.
A．no lack of B．for lack of
C．because of the lack D．for the lack of
答案　B
归纳拓展
for/through lack of因缺乏……
no lack of不缺乏……
lack for缺少，缺乏
be lacking in sth.缺乏；没有
the lack of ……缺乏
3
双语释义n．压，按，挤；记者(journalists)；新闻界(newspapers or magazines)；v.按，压(push)；催促
学情诊断
(1)写出以下句子中press的汉语意思
①It is not wise to press them to leave here so early.催促
②Keep this to yourself；don’t let it out to the press.记者；新闻界
③Press the button，and then the machine will work.按下
(2)He denied that he ________ the news to ________ press.
A．had leaked；the B．leaked；/
C．leaked；the D．had leaked；/
答案　A
归纳拓展
把……压/挤/贴在……
press...into/onto...将……塞进/按入……
press sb. for sth./into sth./into doing sth./to do sth.催促某人……
4
双语释义v. & n. 转变；改变；替换(change；exchange)
学情诊断
(1)翻译句子
①他一开门就翻开了灯。
When_he_opened_the_door，he_switched_on_the_light.
②Estonia is switching to a market economy.
爱沙尼亚正在向市场经济转轨。
(2)He switched ________ the light and entered the room.
A．in B．to
C．of D．on
答案　D
归纳拓展
switch on(用开关)开启；用开关接通电流
switch off切断；关掉
switch over转换频道；转变
switch to切换到……
5
双语释义n．指南；手册；导游；向导(a person who shows the way)；v.给某人领路(show the way)；指引；指导(direct)；影响(influence)；解释；说明(explain)
学情诊断
(1)写出以下句子中guide的汉语意思
①We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.向导
②This is a guide to family health.指南
③The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.解释
④We were guided around the museums.
带着
⑤He was always guided by his religious beliefs.影响
(2)It is the government that________the country through the difficulties.
A．lead B．guarded
C．guided D．direct
答案　C
解析　句意为：是政府带着全国人民克服困难的。guide可表示抽象意义，多指在行为或生活方式上给予指导；lead 和direct时态不对；guard保卫，守卫，不合句意。
归纳拓展
guide sb. to...引导某人到……
under one’s guidance ＝ under the guidance of sb.
在某人的指导下
6
双语释义看不见(not be able to see)
学情诊断
(1)用sight短语的适当形式填空
①I caught_sight_of_ my old friend in town today.
②The plane took off and rose steadily until it was out_of_sight.
③At_first_sight_ their demands seemed reasonable.
④Suddenly they got separated，and then lost_sight_of each other.
(2)There was nobody________when the man came round the corner.
A．out of sight B．at first sight
C．lose sight D．in sight
答案　D
解析　句意为：当这个人走过街道拐角，一个人也看不见。空格处表示“视野之内，看见〞，in sight看得见，在眼前。
归纳拓展
at first sight乍一看；初次见到
catch sight of 看见；瞥见
at the sight of 一看见……
in sight 看见；在视线内，在视野中
out of sight看不见；在视野之外
7

学情诊断
(1)用适当的介、副词填空
①The child was taken away from school.
②The manager will take on a new secretary.
③It’s going to rain; you’d better take along a raincoat with you.
④John took up art while at school.
(2)We all believe that it’d be hard for him to ________ extra responsibilities now.
A．take apart B．take up
C．take on D．take back
答案　C
归纳拓展
take apart拆散，拆开

take along带……一起去；携带着(某物)
take away拿走，带走
take back取回；收回(说过的话)；归还
take on雇用；承担；呈现
take in接受；接待；吸收；理解；欺骗
take over接管，接任
8
双语释义向四面八方(in every direction)
学情诊断
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Tom went off in the direction of the post office.

(3)Support came from an unexpected direction.
(4)The project progressed well under the direction of Armstrong.
归纳拓展
in the direction of朝……方向
from a...direction从……方向/角度
under the direction of sb./under one’s
direction在某人的指导下
1

学情诊断
(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空
Followed (follow) by a stranger，she felt frightened.
(2)When first ________ to the mainland market，the fruits from Taiwan Island enjoyed a great success immediately.
A．introducing B．introduced
C．introduce D．being introduced
答案　B
解析　过去分词短语作状语，相当于when the fruits were first introduced to the mainland market。
归纳拓展
过去分词(短语)在句中作状语，和句子的主语是被动关系，
在句中可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步及伴随状语。
2
它会让你感觉好许多。

学情诊断
(1)Please raise your voice to make_yourself_heard.
请提高嗓音让别人听到你。
(2)We made him chairman of our English Speaking Society.
我们选他当英语会话社主席。
归纳拓展
make sb. do sth.意为“(迫)使某人做某事〞。
make sb./sth.＋ 形容词，意为“使……处于某种状态〞。
make sb./sth.＋名词，意为“使……成为……；让……当……〞。
make sb./sth.done的宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系。
3
学情诊断
用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)His satisfied (satisfy) look suggested that he was satisfied with the result.
(2)We are doing our written (write) exercises when he cleans the fallen (fall) leaves.
(3)Mr.Smith，tired (tire) of the boring (bore) speech，started to read a novel.
(4)Sent (send) to the hospital immediately，the wounded (wound) soldier was saved.

Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出以下单词

2．uncertain：feeling doubt about sth.；not sure
3．surroundings：environment
4．tolerate：to put up with
5．press：newspapers and magazines；to push sth.closely and firmly against sth.
Ⅱ.语境填词

1．He guided us through the narrow streets to the central mosque.
2．Is he suffering from pressure of work
3．We’ve had to make some adjustments to our original plan.
4．Jim’s real problem is that he lacks confidence.
5．His speech made quite an impression on the audience.
Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线局部
1．He called me again_and_again to ask about the result.constantly

3．After taking some pills, I recovered soon.was_back_on_my_feet
4．Because_she_was_frightened_by_the_noise,_she dared not sleep.Frightened_by_the_noise
5．Not_having_enough_money kept him from setting up his own business.Lack_of_money
Ⅳ.微写作(23)
写作素材
1．前几年我从事了不同的工作。
2．我要不断地作出调整。
3．我努力给大家留下好印象。
4．可是我发现难以忍受那些环境，然后就没有动力干下去了。
提示：黑体局部用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
I took up different jobs in the previous years.I had to constantly make adjustments.I tried to leave good impressions but often I found the surroundings hard to tolerate and then I lacked motivation for them.
Ⅴ.微语法(23)——过去完成时
(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)
1．The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he________some European partners. (2022·江苏，32)
A．would meet B．is meeting
C．meets D．had met
答案　D
解析　根据句中“is said to have arrived〞可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而meet发生在arrive之前，即发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。应选D项。
2．They became partners at work that day.Until then，they ________ to each other for nearly three years.
A．didn’t speak
B．hadn’t spoken
C．haven’t spoken
D．haven’t been speaking
答案　B
解析　speak发生在became之前，故应该用过去完成时。
3．The students ________ busily when Miss Brown went to get the book she ________ in the office.
A．had written；left B．were writing；has left
C．had written；had left D．were writing；had left
答案　D
解析　当went to get the book这个动作发生时另外一个动作write正在发生，第一空应该用过去进行时；leave发生在went之前，故第二空用过去完成时。
4．His carelessness cost him nearly all the money he _____
A．saved B．has saved
C．had saved D．saves
答案　C
解析　考查动词的时态。很显然动作“save(储蓄)〞发生在过去的动作cost之前，也就是所说的“过去的过去〞，故用过去完成时。

A．got B．have got
C．had got D．were getting
答案　C

Step Two　微写作——语段集训
第14讲　表示事实
1．There is no doubt that...
毫无疑问……
2．You cannot ignore the fact that...
你不能回避这一事实……

人们喜欢……这是一个普遍现象。
4．As we know，smoking is harmful to our health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
5．What is known to us is that reading makes a full man.我们知道阅读使人充实。
e．g.

即时训练
写作素材
1．众所周知，近年来随着科技的开展，地球面临着一系列的环境问题，包括全球性变暖。
2．到了应该采取有效措施保护环境的时候了。
3．如果现在不采取行动，未来地球将不适合人类居住。