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1、8、 The following phrases include a head, a plement, and in some cases a specifier、 Draw the appropriate tree structure for each phrases、 a、 rich in minerals AP A PP P NP N Rich in minerals b、 often read detective stories
2、 VP Qual V NP A N Often read detective stories c、 the argument against the proposals
3、 NP NP PP Det N P NP Det N the argument against the proposals d
4、 already above the window PP Qual P NP Det N already above the window 9、 The following sentenc
5、es contain modifiers of various types、 For each sentence, first identify the modifier(s), then draw the tree structures、 a、 A crippled passenger landed the airplane with extreme caution、 Infl P(S) NP Infl VP
6、 V NP PP Det AP N None pst Det N P NP A AP N
7、 A A crippled passenger landed the airplane with extreme caution b、 A huge moon hung in the black sky、 Infl P (s) NP Infl VP Det AP N V PP
8、 P NP A Det AP N A A huge
9、moon hung in the black sky C、 The man examined his car carefully yesterday、 Infl P(S) NP infl VP Det N pst V NP Adv Adv Det N The man examin
10、ed his car carefully yesterday d、 A wooden hut near the lake collapsed in the storm、 Infl P (S) NP Infl VP Det AP N PP V PP P NP P NP
11、 Det N Det N A wooden hut neat the lake collapsed in the storm 10、 The following sentences all contain conjoined categories、 Draw a tree structure for each of the sentences、 a、 Jim has washed the dirty shirts a
12、nd pants、 InflP(=S) NP ＶＰ Aux V NP N Det A NP
13、 N CON N Jim has washed the dirty shirts and pants or InflP(=S) NP ＶＰ Aux V NP
14、 N Det A NP N CON N Jim has washed the dirty shirts
15、 and pants b、 Helen put on her clothes and went out、 InflP(=S) NP VP VP CON VP
16、 VP NP V Adv V P Det N Helen put on her clothes and went out OR
17、 InflP(=S) NP Infl VP pst VP CON VP VP NP
18、 V Adv V P Det N Helen put on her clothes and went out c、 Mary is fond of literature but tired of statistics、
19、 InflP(=S) NP VP VP CON VP N VP NP VP
20、 NP V A P N V A P N Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics OR In
21、flP(=S) Infl NP VP nonpst VP CON VP N VP
22、 NP VP NP V A P N V A P N Mary is fond of literature but (is) tired of statistics
23、 11、 The following sentences all contain contain embedded clauses that function as plements of a verb, an adjective, a preposition or a noun、 Draw a tree structure for each sentence、 a. You know that I hate war、 S NP VP
24、 N V CP C S NP VP N V NP
25、 N You know that I hate wat OR S NP Infl VP N Nonpst V CP C
26、 S NP VP N V NP N You know that
27、 I hate wat b. Gerry believes the fact that Anna flunked the English exam、 S NP VP N VP NP NP CP V C S
28、 Det N NP VP N V NP Det A N Gerry believe the fact that Anna flunked the English exam c. Chris was happ
29、y that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce、 S NP VP N V A CP C S
30、 NP VP Det N V NP NP N Det N Ch
31、ris was happy that his father bought him a Rolls-Royce d. The children argued over whether bats had wings、 S NP VP Det N VP CP V
32、 P C S NP VP N V NP N The children argued over whether bats had wings 12、 a、 The essay that he wrote w
33、as excellent、 Deep structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V AP C S
34、 Deg P NP Infl VP V NP N N The essay he wrote that was too long Surfa
35、ce structure CP C S NP VP Det N CP V AP C S Deg P
36、 NP NP Infl VP V NP N N N The essay that he wrote e was too long b、 Hebert bought a house that she loved、 Deep struc
37、ture CP C S NP VP N Infl V NP Det N CP C S
38、 NP Infl VP N V NP N
39、 Hebert bought a house she loved that Surface structure CP C S NP VP N Infl V NP Det N CP
40、 C S NP NP Infl VP N N V NP
41、 N Hebert bought a house that she loved e c、 The girl whom he adores majors in linguistics、 Deep structure
42、 CP C S NP VP Det N CP V PP C Infl S P NP
43、 NP VP NP N V N The girl he adores whom majors in linguistics Surface structure CP C
44、 S NP VP Det N CP V PP C Infl S P NP NP NP VP
45、 NP N N V N The girl whom he adores e majors in linguistics 13、 a、 Would you e tomorrow? Deep structure
46、 CP C S NP VP N Infl V AdvP Adv You would e tomorrow Surface structure
47、 CP C S Infl NP VP N Infl V AdvP Adv would you e e tomorrow b、
48、 What did Helen bring to the party? Deep structure CP C S NP VP Infl V NP PP N
49、 N P NP Det N Helen did bring what to the party Surface structure CP
50、 NP C S N Infl NP VP Infl V NP PP N N P NP
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