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1、马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、三个代表重要思想 Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin "Three Represent's" important Thought. 新民主主义革命 new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放 national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革 reforms in the economic and political
2、structure. 社会主义制度 socialist system 社会变革 social transformation. 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业 the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. 中华民族的伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. （rejuvenate 使充满活力，使复原，使再生） 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领 the basic theory, line and program
3、 of our Party in the primary stage of socialism. 改革开放政策 the policies of reform and opening to the outside. 中国共产党十一届三中全会 The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. 马克思主义政党 Marxist political Party. 党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体 the collective leadersh
4、ip of the Party Central Committee of the first (second\third)generation. 人民民主专政 the people's democratic dictatorship 国民经济体系 national economic system. 综合国力 aggregate （ adj. 共计的）national strength. 国内生产总值 the annual gross domestic product(GDP). 独立自主的和平外交政策 an independent foreign poli
5、cy of peace. 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合 the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China. 加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力 strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying （集合，召集）power and combat capability of the Party, and always
6、maintain its vigor and vitality. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。 "Three Represent's" shows that our Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China's advanced productive forces, the orientation o
7、f the development of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strength，only by doing so can we really ensure that ou
8、r Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature 党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策 Party's theory, line, program, principles and policies, 工人阶级的先锋队 the vanguard of the working class. 生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑 productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructu
9、re constitute. 科学技术是第一生产力 science and technology are the primary productive force. 社会主义物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism. 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民 citizens with lofty（崇高的，高尚的） ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline. 自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法
10、制意识和开拓创新意识 self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit. 依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue. 科教兴国战略 the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education. 倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等
11、腐朽思想 advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas. 先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 be concerned about the country and the people before anything else. 全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民 serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assum
12、es power for the people. 解放思想、实事求是 emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts. 主观主义、形而上学 subjectivism, metaphysics. 民主集中制、党内民主 democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy. 集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定 collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision
13、 through meeting. 政治路线确定之后，干部就是决定因素 cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided. 党管干部的原则 the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres' affairs. 公开、平等、竞争、择优 open, fair, competition, basis of merits. 公开选拔、竞争上岗 the supervision of appointment and
14、 promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment. 自重、自省、自警、自励 self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation. 以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子 to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements. 小康社会、小康生活 well-to-do society, wel
15、l-to-do life. 四项基本原则 Four Cardinal Principles. 社会主义初级阶段 the primary stage of socialism. “政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力” qualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support. 台独 taiwan's "independence" 和平与发
16、展 peace and development 冷战 cold war 世界多极化、经济全球化 world multi-polarization and economic globalization 联合国宪章 UN Charter 独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务 independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs Cooperation. 世贸中心 World Trade Cente
17、r 恐怖主义 terrorism 开放攻坚，改革跟进，稳定保障，加快发展 open and storm fortification, reform and follow-up, stable and secure, speed up development. 工作策略 the working tactics 以企业为中心的工业化核心战略 the strategy at the core of industrialization around enterprises(take the enterprises as the center). Sinicizat
18、ion of Marxism and Modernization of Confucianism Abstract: Sinicization of Marxism is bound to experience how to collide and correspond with the "live" Chinese cultural tradition which is in the course of from ancient times to now ,the development of rheology and dynamic changes .the"transfo
19、rmation"problems of Marxism occur on the 9.6 million square kilometers of Chinese cultura soil.The former is the leading philosophy and ideology of contemporary Chinese society namely the Chinese people's ultimate concern ,the highest belief,the latter is the insurmountable causes and roots which
20、 have national character, mother nature and foundation characte of national culture in society culture construction, or says Culture blood, and cultural genes.Thus,Sinicization of Marxism included the modernization of Confucianism which must have a modern ideology of Marxism and Human Thought
21、guidance. The similarities between Marxism and Confucianism compatibility main features:faith-level correspondence , practice and value levels mixture and modern personality dimensions of the integration. Sinicization of Marxism contains modern Confucianism, modern Confucianism itself is specific go
22、al of Sinicization of Marxism. Under spirit of the age's looking, Both depend on ,seep mutually and carry on the similarities and differences comparison and the synthesis innovation, it may decide the mainland China future energetic trend. Key words: Sinicization of Marxism;modernization of Co
23、nfucianism; similarities and differences comparison 马克思主义政治经济学 Marxist political economics 马克思主义政治经济学的方法 methods of Marxist political economics 古典经济学 classical economics 空想社会主义 utopian socialism 劳动过程 labour process 生产力 productivity 生产关系 relations of production 生产方式 mode of production
24、劳动对象 objects of labour 劳动资料 means of labour 体力劳动 manual labour 脑力劳动 mental labour 经济基础 economic base 上层建筑 super structure 生产 production 交换 exchange 分配 distribution 消费 consumption 经济规律 economic law 基本经济规律 basic economic law 唯物辩证法 materialist dialectics 科学抽象法 scientifi
25、c abstraction 归纳和演绎法 induction and deduction 经济制度 economic system 简单协作 simple cooperation 工场手工业 manufacture 产业革命 Industrial Revolution 机器大工业 modern mechanical industry 资本主义工业化 capitalist industrialization 资本主义所有制 capitalist ownership 资产阶级 bourgeois 无产阶级 proletariat 经济机制
26、 economic mechanism 计划经济 planned economy 市场经济 market economy 自然经济 natural economy 商品经济 commodity economy 原始社会 primitive society 奴隶社会 slave society 封建社会 feudal society 资本主义社会 capitalist society 社会主义社会 socialist society 共产主义社会 communist society 具体劳动 concr
27、ete labour 抽象劳动 abstract labour 价值量 amount of value 个别劳动时间 individual labour time 社会必要劳动时间 socially necessary labour time 劳动价值理论 labour theory of value 供求规律 law of the supply and demand 竞争规律 law of the competition 价格机制 price mechanism 价值规律 law of the value 通货紧缩
28、 deflation 通货膨胀 inflation 纸币流通规律 law of the circulation of paper money 纸币 paper money 货币流通规律 law of the circulation of money 价值符号 symbols of value 信用货币 credit money 货币形式 money form 一般等价物 universal equivalent 相对价值形式 relative form of value 一般价值形式 universal form of
29、 value 等价形式 equivalent form of value 总和的或扩大的价值形式 total or expanded form of value 简单的或偶然的价值形式 elementary or accidental form of value 价值形式 form of value 社会劳动 social labour 私人劳动 individual labour 劳动生产率 labour productivity 复杂劳动 complex labour 简单劳动 simple labour 商品 commodities
30、 商品交换 exchange of commodities 价值 value 交换价值 exchange value 使用价值 use value 资本 capital 资本总公式 general formula for capital 商品流通 circulation of commodities 劳动力 labour power 劳动力的使用价值 use value of the labour power 劳动力价值 value of labour power 雇佣劳动 hired labour
31、 雇佣劳动制度 hired labour system 劳动过程 labour process 价值形成过程 process of creating value 价值增殖过程 process of producing surplus value 工作日 working day 必要劳动 necessary labour 剩余劳动 surplus labour 剩余价值 surplus value 不变资本 constant capital 可变资本 variable capital 剩余价值率
32、rate of surplus value 计件工资 piece wages 计时工资 time wages 名义工资 nominal wages 实际工资 real wages 绝对剩余价值 absolute surplus value 相对剩余价值 relative surplus value 超额剩余价值 extra surplus value 个别价值 individual value 社会价值 social value 剥削 exploitation 资本主义简单再生产 capitali
33、st simple reproduction 资本主义扩大再生产 capitalist reproduction on extended scale 资本原始积累 primitive accumulation of capital 资本技术构成 technical composition of capital 资本价值构成 value composition of capital 资本有机构成 organic composition of capital 失业 unemployment 相对过剩人口 relative surplus-po
34、pulation 绝对过剩人口 absolute surplus population 流动的过剩人口 floating surplus population 潜在的过剩人口 latent surplus population 停滞的过剩人口 stagnant surplus-population 资本集中 centralization of capital 资本积聚 concentration of capital 资本主义积累的历史趋势 historical tendency of capitalist acc
35、umulation 资本主义积累的一般规律 general law of capitalist accumulation 成本价格 cost price 利润 profit 利润率 rate of profit 平均利润 average profit 平均利润率 average rate of profit 产业利润 industrial profit 商业资本 commercial capital 商业利润 commercial profit 借贷资本 loan cap
36、ital 利息 interest 职能资本家 functional capitalist 银行资本 banking capital 银行利润 profit of bank 资本主义地租 capitalist rent 级差地租 differential rent 绝对地租 absolute rent 超额利润 extra profit 自由竞争资本主义 laisser-faire capitalism 垄断资本主义 monopoly capitalism 圈地运动 enclosur
37、e movement in England 生产集中 centralization of production 垄断 monopoly 垄断资本 monopoly capital 垄断价格 monopoly price 垄断利润 monopoly profit 垄断组织 monopolies 帝国主义 imperialism 短期价格协定 temporary price agreement 辛迪加 syndicate 卡特尔 cartel 托拉斯 trust 康采恩 konzern(
38、concern) 国家垄断资本主义 state monopoly capitalism 罗斯福新政 Rossevelt’s New Deal 福利国家制度 welfare state system 持股公司 holding company 资本主义基本矛盾 basic contradiction of capitalism 生产社会化 socialization of production 资本循环 circuit of capital 资本周转 turnover of capital 产业资本 industrial c
39、apital 产业资本家 industrial capitalist 职能资本 functional capital 产业资本 industrial capital 货币资本 money capital 生产资本 productive capital 商品资本 commodity capital 流通过程 process of circulation 资本周转速度 velocity of turnover of capital 资本周转时间 time of turnover of capital 流通时间 time o
40、f circulation 固定资本 fixed capital 流动资本 circulating capital 固定资本磨损 wear and tear of fixed capital 有形磨损(物质磨损) visible damage 无形磨损(精神磨损) moral depreciation 折旧 depreciation 预付资本 advanced capital 年剩余价值率 annual rate of surplus value 个别资本 individual capital 社会资本
41、social capital 社会资本的再生产 reproduction of the social capital 社会总产品 aggregate social product 生产资料 means of production 消费资料 means of subsistence 经济危机 economic crisis 生产相对过剩 relative overproduction 危机 crisis 萧条 Depression 停滞膨胀 stagflation 生产无政府状态 anar
42、chy of capitalist production 资本主义再生产的周期性 cyclical fluctuation of capitalist reproduction 固定资本更新 replacement of fixed capital 金融资本 financial capital 金融寡头 financial oligarch 参与制 system of holdings 需求管理 demand management 财政政策 public finance policy 税收政策 tax p
43、olicy 财政支出 fiscal expenditure 财政收入 fiscal revenues “时延” time lag 自动稳定器 built-in stabilizer 财政赤字 fiscal deficit 货币政策 monetary policy 公开市场业务 open-market operations 法定准备金率 legal reserve rate 再贴现利率 rediscount-rate 政府债券 government bond 资本主义国有化 ca
44、pitalist nationalization 资本主义经济计划化 planning in capitalist economy 反垄断法 antitrust law 马克思主义经济学著作在中国的传播 dissemination of Marxist economic works in China 新民主主义经济 new_democratic economy 新民主主义革命 new_democratic revolution 新民主主义三大经济纲领 three general economic programme
45、s for the Chinese new_democracy 公营经济 public economy 中国土地改革 land reform in China 从资本主义向社会主义的过渡 transition from capitalism to socialism 过渡时期多种经济成分 manifold economic sectors in the transition period 没收官僚资本 confiscation of bureaucrat capital 稳定物价 stabilizing commodity pric
46、es 过渡时期总路线 general line for the transition period 中国的社会主义改造 socialist transformation in china 中国农业的社会主义改造 socialist transformation of agriculture in China 农业合作化 agricultural cooperation movement of China 农业生产互助组 agricultural producers’ mutual aid team 农业生产合作社 agricult
47、ural producers’cooperative 初级农业生产合作社 elementary agricultural producers’cooperative 高级农业生产合作社 advanced agricultural producers’cooperative 中国手工业的社会主义改造 socialist transformation of the handicraft in China 中国资本主义工商业的社会主义改造 socialist transformation of capitalist industry and comme
48、rce in China 赎买政策 policy of redemption 中国过渡时期国家资本主义 national capitalism of the transition period in China 公私合营 joint state-private ownership 中国的社会主义初级阶段 primary stage of socialism in China 社会主义社会的经济制度 economic system of socialist society 社会主义生产方式 socialist mode of
49、 production 计划经济 planned economy 社会主义基本经济规律 basic economic law of socialism 按劳分配规律 law of distribution according to work 社会主义社会的生产资料所有制 owership of the means of production of socialist society 社会主义国家所有制 socialist state ownership 社会主义国营经济 socialist state operated
50、 economy 集体所有制 collective ownership 社会主义合作经济 cooperative economy in socialist society 城镇集体所有制经济 collective economy in cities and towns 个体经济 individual economy 私营经济 private sector of the economy 中外合营企业 Chinese-foreign joint ventures and co-operative enterprises 外商独
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