2021高考英语(湖南专用)大二轮总复习定时训练-3.docx

定时训练(3)　
Ⅰ.专题特训(非谓语动词)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．(2022届北京市第四十四中学高三第一学期期中测试)In the reading room，we found her ________ at a desk，with her attention________ on a book.
A．sitting；fixing B．to sit；fixed
C．seating；fixing D．seated；fixed
解析　考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：在阅览室内，我们发觉她坐在一张桌子旁，集中精力看一本书。be seated 就坐＝sitting，fix one's attention on集中精力于。故选D项。
答案　D
2．(2022届湖南省澧县一中益阳市一中桃源县一中高三上学期三校联考)________ with the increasing unemployment，many people went on strike in most of the European countries.
A．Facing B．Being faced
C．Faced D．Having faced
解析　考查过去分词做状语。句意：面临越来越严峻的失业问题，欧洲国家很多人去罢工。sb be faced with sth某人面临……，这里可以用过去分词做状语，假如没有横线后的with，就可以用facing，选C项。
答案　C
3．(2022届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三上学期期中)He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ________．
A．noticing B．noticed
C．to notice D．being noticed
解析　考查with/without复合结构。其基本结构为：with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语；宾语补足语可以是名词，代词，形容词，副词，现在分词，或者过去分词，也可以是不定式。对宾语的状况进行补充说明。当做宾语补足语的动词与宾语构成被动关系的时候，使用过去分词的形式；当二者构成主动关系的时候，使用现在分词的形式。要特殊要留意with的复合结构经常与独立主格结构转换使用。本题中anyone与notice构成主动关系，故使用现在分词。故选A项。
答案　A
4．(2022届浙江省绍兴市第一中学高三上学期期中)Opposite the old town is the 5，500 meters Yulong Xueshan Mountain，its peak ________ with snow.
A．is covered B．covered
C．covering D．covers
解析　考查独立主格结构。句意：在古城的对面是海拔5 500米高的御龙雪山，它的顶峰有雪掩盖着。由于句中没有连词，所以推断是独立主格结构，排解A、D选项，peak和动词cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表被动，故选B项。
答案　B
5．(2022届江苏省无锡市第三高级中学高三期初质量检测)Misunderstandings ________ from lack of social communication，unless ________ with properly，may lead to serious problems.
A．resulted；dealt B．resulting；dealt
C．resulted；dealing D．resulting；dealing
解析　考查非谓语动词。misunderstandings和result from是主谓关系，用现在分词作定语，相当于which result from...，排解A、C；unless后省略了misunderstandings，misunderstandings与deal with是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，相当于unless they are dealt with...，排解D。故选B项。
答案　B
6．(2022届云南省部分名校高三第一次联考)We all think that the plan you come up with ________ the work is very practical.
A．completing B．completed
C．to complete D．complete
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都认为你为完成这个工作想到的方案格外有用。to complete表目的，修饰plan。you come up with是定语从句，修饰先行词plan。故选C项。
答案　C
7．(2022届河南省南阳市高三五校联谊期中)________ with some research materials，he decided on three possible approaches in his experiment.
A．Preparing B．Prepared
C．Having prepared D．Prepare
解析　考查过去分词做状语。句意：预备好了争辩材料，他打算试验三个可能的方法。be prepared with预备好，所以这里用过去分词做状语，表示状态，选B项。
答案　B
8．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)The newly－discovered evidence led to the criminal ________ to five years in prison.
A．to be sentenced B．being sentenced
C．sentenced D．be sentenced
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：新发觉的证据使得罪犯被宣判坐5年的牢。lead to导致，to为介词，故后面接v.－ing形式。故选B项。
答案　B
9．(2022届福建省厦门一中高三上学期期中)________ to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is dangerous.
A．Not reminded
B．Reminded not
C．Not having been reminded
D．Having reminded not
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：被提示不要酒后驾驶，但一些司机仍旧碰运气，那是很危急的。题中的规律主语为some drivers，与remind之间的关系为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。remind sb to do的否定形式为remind sb not to do。故选B项。
答案　B
10．(2022届北京市朝阳区高三上学期期中考试)The policeman kept his eyes________ on the screen of the computer to identify the criminal's footprints.
A．fixing B．fixed
C．to fix D．being fixed
解析　考查过去分词做宾语补足语。句意：警察始终凝视着电脑屏幕，来识别罪犯的脚印。这里用的是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，由于“凝视”是fix one's eyes on，所以eyes和fix是被动关系，用过去分词做宾语补足语，选B项。
答案　B
11．The lecture，________ at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
A．starting B．being started
C．to start D．to be started
解析　依据last night可知start已经发生，故排解C、D(不定式常表将来)，B(being done)一般表进行，也排解。非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语。
答案　A
12．We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ________ to achieve the final success.
A．being done B．do
C．to be done D．to do
解析　由于work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用－ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。谓语与非谓语动词 不定式的被动语态 作宾语 短语need to be done。
答案　C
13．Mark lives in a big pleasant room ________ approximately 5 meters by 6 meters.
A．measures B．measuring
C．to be measured D．having measured
解析　本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.测量；估量；也可以表示：距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……；本句中的measure表示的就是第2层含有距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为……；动词measure与前面的名词room构成规律上的主动关系，故使用现在分词measuring approximately 5 meters by 6 meter来修饰前面的名词room。句义：Mark生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒适的房子里。故B正确。
答案　B
14．“You can't catch me！” Janet shouted，________ away.
A．run B．running C．to run D．ran
解析　分词running与句中主语Janet为规律上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。本题大意，“你不能抓住我！”Janet喊着，逃跑了，故B正确。分词作状语的用法需要留意分词的规律主语与句子的主语全都。
答案　B
15．—What made little Tony so unhappy and cry in his room?
—________ to go hiking with his brother.
A．Having not been allowed
B．Not having allowed
C．Having not allowed
D．Not having been allowed
解析　考查非谓语动词。本题考查动名词短语作主语，依据句意可知是“没有被允许”，故用被动语态。句意：——什么使得小托尼不快活，在房间里哭呢？——没有允许和他哥哥一起去徒步旅行。故D正确。
答案　D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
体裁：记叙文　话题：动物爱护　时间：7分钟
(2021·济宁二模)Every August on the island of Heimaey，off the southern coast of Iceland，young people often take a walk along the streets throughout the night.What's more，their parents allow them to stay out.Why？The children of Heimaey are going to save young puffins—small black－and－white seabirds.
The cliffs(悬崖)above the town are home to a large group of puffins.The birds dig holes all around the cliffs.These holes are their homes.Their young stay in the holes for about seven weeks.Then they begin to leave.Some move slowly on their undeveloped wings and feet down to the northern Atlantic Ocean that surrounds Heimaey.There，they swim，which they can do naturally，and learn to dive for fish.Others，however，may lose their way at night and find themselves in the town instead.On the ground，the young seabirds are in trouble.Because their wings are not fully developed，they cannot take off quickly to sea and safety.The birds then become a good meal for cats and other animals.
For many years，islanders have helped the young puffins.Early at night in late August，children carrying thick paper boxes and lights hurry to the seashore to catch puffins.They spend most of the night running after the birds.They put the birds they've caught in boxes and take good care of them.
The next morning the children take the puffins to the ocean and set them free.The birds will live at sea until they are at least two years old.Then they will return to the cliffs to build homes of their own for their families.
Will the children of Heimaey always come to save puffins？“Yes，”answer the boys.“We look forward to it.The best time for us is setting the birds free.”
【语篇导读】　本文通过叙述居住在冰岛南海岸四周的黑迈岛上的孩子们为什么挽救海鹦幼鸟，以及怎样挂念幼鸟，人类和谐相处的故事。揭示了孩子们挽救幼鸟缘由：对他们来说最奇特的时间就是让那些鸟儿获得自由。
1．Every August children of Heimaey are allowed to stay out all night ________．
A．to catch puffins and keep them as pets
B．to drive puffins away
C．to free puffins from danger
D．to run after puffins for pleasure
解析　细节理解题。由文章首段最终一句可知正确答案。
答案　C
2．The young puffins that get into the town are in danger of being ________．
A．killed by hunters
B．driven away from the town
C．eaten by animals
D．starved to death
解析　细节理解题。由其次段最终三句可知C项正确。
答案　C
3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Heimaey is a small town on Iceland.
B．The baby puffins stay in the holes for at least two years.
C．Learning to swim is a long and hard process.
D．Fish is at least one kind of the putffin's foods.
解析　细节理解题。由第一段首句可知A项错误；由其次段第三句可知B项错误；由其次段中“...they swim，which they can do naturally，and learn to dive for fish”可知C项错误，D项正确。
答案　D
4．The children look forward to August because ______．
A．it's time for them to go out at night to save puffins
B．they enjoy playing the game of running after seabirds
C．it's time for the children to play with the birds
D．the children can stay out at night to watch puffins coming to the town
解析　推理推断题。由文章第三段及最终一段可推知A项正确。
答案　A
5．From the passage we know the people of Heimaey ________．
A．never fight among themselves
B．love puffins very much
C．hate cats and dogs
D．enjoy staying up late at night
解析　推理推断题。由全文最终一段最终一句话可知。
答案　B
Ⅲ.阅读填空
The World Bank，the United Nations and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine did a study to urge hand－washing around the world.They found that one million lives could be saved each year if people washed their hands with soap often.They said that programs to increase hand－washing with soap could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious diseases.
Doctors say，many diseases can be prevented from spreading by hand－washing.These include pinworms(寄生虫)，influenza(流行性感冒)，the common cold，hepatitis(肝炎)A，meningitis(脑膜炎)and infectious diarrhea (腹泻)．
Hand－washing destroys germs from other people，animals or objects a person has touched.When people get bacteria on their hands，they can infect themselves by touching their eyes，nose or mouth.Then these people can infect other people.The experts say the easiest way to catch a cold is to touch your nose or eyes after someone nearby has sneezed or coughed.Another way to become sick is to eat food prepared by someone whose hands were not clean.
The experts say that hand－washing is especially important before and after preparing food，before eating and after using the toilet.People should wash their hands after handling animals or animal waste，and after cleaning a baby.The experts say it is also a good idea to wash your hands after handling money and after sneezing or coughing.And it
is important to wash your hands often when someone in your home is sick.The experts say the most effective way to wash your hands is to rub them together while using soap and warm water.They say you do not have to use special antibacterial soap.Be sure to rub all areas of the hands for about ten to fifteen seconds.The rubbing action helps remove germs.Then rinse(冲洗)the hands with water and dry them.
Title: __1__
Theme
Hand－washing could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious diseases.
__2__ can be prevented
Pinworms，influenza，the common cold，hepatitis A，meningitis and infectious diarrhea.
__3__ to do hand－washing
· Before and after
__4__；
· Before eating and after
__5__；

· After handling animals or animal waste;
· After cleaning a baby；
· After handling money and after __6__；
· When someone in your home is sick.
__7__ to do hand－washing
Rubbing them together while __8__ and warm water，rubbing all areas of the hands for about __9__ seconds and rinsing the hands with water and dry them.
How hand－washing works
Hand－washing destroys germs from other people，__10__ a person has touched.
答案　1.Hand－washing　2.Many diseases　3.When 4．preparing food　5.using the toilet　6.sneezing or coughing　7.How 8.using soap　9.ten to fifteen　10.animals or objects