2015届高考英语第一轮必修知识点复习题18.doc

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课时作业(十九)　必修4　Unit 4　Body language
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·浦东二模)—Bill，can I get you anything to drink?
—________.
A．You are welcome　　　　 B．No problem
C．I wouldn’t mind a coffee　 D．Doesn’t matter
2．(2013·石家庄一中二模)，which has________food and drink programme with clear explanations，is________very popular website.
A．a；the　 B．the；/
C．a；a　 D．/；a
3．(2014·辽宁大连高三双基测试)My________subject is Business Administration and my minor subject is English.
A．main　 B．major
C．chief　 D．primary
4．(2014·南京一模)________time at Beijing Normal University，I’m very impressed with the quality of the teachers and students.
A．Having spent　 B．Being spent
C．To spent　 D．Spending
5．(2013·丽水高三质检)What annoyed your father was not what you said，but the way________you said it.
A．by which　 B．which
C．in what　 D．that
6．(2014·长安五校一模)The lawyer advised Tom to drop the________since he had little chance to win.
A．affair　 B．case
C．incident　 D．event
7．(2014·昆明质检)The five rings on the Olympic flag________the union of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from all over the world.
A．present　 B．deliver
C．represent　 D．resemble
8．(2013·江苏质量调研)It brought child poverty to the________of the public，and for this reason alone it is a very impotant novel.
A．attention　 B．acquisition
C．administration　 D．association
9．(2014·山东省实验中学二模)He is no fool at all，________，he is the smartest boy I have ever seen.
A．in addition　 B．in fact
C．in particular　 D．in general
10．(2014·枣庄模拟)—He should have been warned of the danger.
—________，but he wouldn’t listen to me.
A．So he had　 B．So had he
C．So was he　 D．So he was
11．(2014·江西毕业班新课程教学质量检测)When we reached the top of the hill，a magnificent view of the sea________us.
A．acknowledged 　 B．interrupted
C．displayed 　 D．greeted
12．(2013·济南4月巩固性训练)The old couple，________in the small village for years，can tell the names of all the villagers.
A．living 　 B．lived
C．having lived　 D．to have lived
13．(2014·湖南六校联考)I know it’s normal for such a thing to happen，but we________it if we’d been more careful.
A．need have avoided　 B．could have avoided
C．will have avoided　 D．had avoided
14．Parents，of course，will do everything they could to________their children from harm.
A．defend　 B．convince
C．overcome　 D．reduce
15．(2014·河南豫北三校高三下学期联考)Honesty is a virtue________greed is an evil，as the saying goes.
A．while　　　　　　　　　　　 B．when
C．as　 D．and
Ⅱ.完形填空　　[建议用时15′]
It was 11∶30 in the evening.A black American lady of about seventy was standing on the side of an Alabama__1__trying to bear a pouring rainstorm.Her car had__2__down and at the moment she__3__needed a ride.Wet to the skin，she decided to flag down the next car.A young white man stopped to help her—generally unheard of in those conflict­filled 1960s.The man __4__her to safety in his car，and hired a taxicab(a kind of car) for her.She seemed to be in a great__5__.She wrote down his address，thanked him and drove away.Several days went by and a __6__came to the man’s door.To his surprise，a very big color TV was delivered to his home.A special note was __7__to it.It read：“Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(an)__8__colored woman on the freeway the other night.The rain__9__wet all over not only my clothes but my spirits.Then you came along.Because of you，I was__10__to make it to my dying husband’s bedside just before he passed away.God bless you for helping me and kindly serving others.Sincerely，Mrs Nat King Cole.
1.A.railway　 B．freeway
C．street 　 D．avenue
2．A.put 　 B．took
C．broken 　 D．slowed
3．A.seriously 　　 B．badly
C．fairly 　 D．probably
4．A.put 　 B．led
C．fetched 　 D．took
5．A.need 　 B．help
C．hurry 　 D．trouble
6．A.lady 　 B．salesman
C．letter 　 D．knock
7．A.offered 　 B．given
C．attached 　 D．written
8．A.aged 　 B．dark
C．lucky 　 D．unhappy
9．A.let 　 B．made
C．had 　 D．turned
10．A.able　 B．ready
C．likely 　 D．willing
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2013·潍坊5月模拟)
When you tidy your messy bedroom，it gets a lot easier to find things.Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain，helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.
To test how much dreams can help learning，Robert Stickgold had some students play a shape­fitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep.Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes.Interestingly，the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most.Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream，many important tasks are getting done.The brain decides what to keep and what to forget.It is connecting new experiences to older learning.In fact，the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情绪)．At night，emotions are in the driver’s seat.People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward.Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset.So if your best friend moves away，you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving.In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood，and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life，you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming.There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.One dream might help you remember your math facts，while another might lead to a new invention，or give you a fun，crazy story to tell your friends.It’s all in a night’s work for our busy，mysterious brains.
1．Robert Stickgold’s test shows that________.
A．games are useful for memory
B．dreams can help improve skills
C．players stop learning in dreams
D．tasks can only be settled through dreams
2．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A．dreams can get rid of sufferings
B．only drivers can deal with emotions
C．one may be less upset after a dream
D．dreams can copy what one experienced
3．Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
4．What does the text focus on?
A．Dreams and memories.　 B．Dreams and emotions.
C．The benefits of dreams.　 D．The patterns of dreams.
5．In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A．Entertainment.　 B．Tourism.
C．Science.　 D．Advertisement.
Ⅳ.写作
(2013·山东省泰安市高三第一轮复习质量检测)
你将参加国际中学生环境论坛，就雾霾天气(fog and haze weather)这一问题发表演讲。请你用英语写一篇120～150词的发言稿。要点包括：
1．描述雾霾对人们的身体和生活造成的不良影响；
2．建议民众和政府分别采取具体行动来维护空气质量。
注意：开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen，
I feel it a great honor to have a chance to give a speech here，talking about________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

课时作业(十九)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析：　考查交际用语。A项是表示感谢的回答语，B项是请求对方帮助的回答语，D项是道歉的回答语，都不符合题意。C项表示“coffee please”，与本题情景相符。
答案：　C
2．解析：　考查冠词的用法。句意为：是一个很受欢迎的网站，它里面有一个配有清晰讲解的饮食节目。根据语意可知，本题中的两空都表示泛指，因此都用不定冠词。
答案：　C
3．解析：　根据空后面的“minor subject”可知，空处表示“主修的”，故选major。main主要的；chief首要的；primary最初的，基本的。
答案：　B
4．解析：　考查非谓语动词。句意为：在北京师范大学度过一段时间之后，我对其师生的素质印象颇深。spend这一动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，且该动作是由主句的主语发出的，故用现在分词的完成式。
答案：　A
5．解析：　此处way作先行词，定语从句中缺少状语，可以用that或in which引导，亦可省去引导词。
答案：　D
6．解析：　句意为：律师建议Tom放弃这场官司，因为他赢的可能性很小。affair事务，事情；case诉讼案，官司；incident严重事件，冲突；event重要事情，大事。
答案：　B
7．解析：　句意为：奥林匹克五环旗上的五环代表五大洲的团结和来自世界各地的运动员相会在奥林匹克运动会上。represent代表，表示，符合题意。present赠送，演示；deliver递送，传递；resemble像，类似。
答案：　C
8．解析：　考查名词辨析。句意为：它使人们关注到贫困儿童，单就这个原因它就是本非常重要的小说。根据句意可知，应用attention注意，关注。acquisition获得；administration管理，施行；association联盟，协会。
答案：　A
9．解析：　考查介词短语辨析。句意为：他一点都不笨，事实上，他是我见过的最聪明的男孩子。A项意为“此外，而且”；B项意为“事实上，实际上”；C项意为“特别，尤其”；D项意为“总之”。
答案：　B
10．解析：　考查固定句型。根据答句可知，后者赞同前者的话。“so＋主语＋助动词”结构意为“的确如此”，符合语境，故排除B、C两项；此处强调的是发生在过去的客观事实，因此应用so he was。“so＋助动词＋主语”结构指上文提到的情况同样也适用于后者，不符合语境。
答案：　D
11．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：当我们到达山顶的时候，壮丽的海景映入眼帘。acknowledge承认；interrupt打断；display陈列；greet映入……的眼帘。
答案：　D
12．解析：　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，主语The old couple和live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且句中有表示一段时间的时间状语for years，因此用live的现在分词的完成式。
答案：　C
13．解析：　考查虚拟语气。句意为：我知道发生这样的事情是正常的，但如果我们更小心一点儿的话，这样的事是可以避免的。根据句中的“if we’d been more careful”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用could/might/would have done结构。
答案：　B
14．解析：　考查动词词义辨析。句意为：父母当然会尽其所能来保护他们的孩子免受伤害。defend保护，保卫；convince使相信；overcome克服；reduce减少。
答案：　A
15．解析：　考查并列连词。句意为：俗语说，诚实是一种美德，而贪婪是一种罪恶。while而，然而，根据句意可知，前后应为对比关系，故选A。
答案：　A
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读　 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在大雨倾盆的高速公路上，一个准备去看望病危丈夫的黑人妇女的车抛锚了，在20世纪60年代还是种族歧视很严重的时候，一个白人男子帮助这个黑人妇女使她见了她丈夫最后一面，这让她对白人男子心存感激。
1．解析：　考查名词辨析。句意为：一个大约70岁的美国黑人妇女站在Alabama高速公路上，遭受暴风雨的无情拍击。根据下文“It read：‘Dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(an)________colored woman on the freeway the other night’．”可知，答案B符合文意。
答案：　B
2．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：她的车抛锚了，当时她需要开车离开。根据本句中的“and at the moment she________needed a ride”和下文语境可推知，那个黑人妇女的车坏了。put down记下；take down放下，拆除；break down发生故障；slow down减速。
答案：　C
3．解析：　考查副词辨析。句意为：她的车抛锚了，而且当时她迫切(badly)需要开车离开。根据下文“Because of you，I was________to make it to my dying husband’s bedside just before he passed away.”可推知，要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面的心情是多么的迫切。由此可知，答案B符合文意。seriously严肃地，严重地；fairly相当地；probably可能地，均不符合语境，故排除。
答案：　B
4．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：那个年轻白人用车把她带到了安全的地方。put放；lead引导，带路；fetch拿走，带来；take带走。根据句意可知，答案D符合文意。
答案：　D
5．解析：　考查名词辨析。句意为：她看起来很匆忙。根据下文语境可知，她要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面的心情是多么的迫切。故答案C符合文意。
答案：　C
6．解析：　考查名词辨析。句意为：几天后，一个销售员来到这个年轻白人的家门口。根据下文“To his surprise，a very big color TV was delivered to his home。”可推知，是卖东西的人提供送货上门服务。由此可知，答案B符合文意。
答案：　B
7．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：大彩电上贴了一个特别的便条。be attached to sth.为固定搭配，意为“附在，贴在……上面”，符合语境。
答案：　C
8．解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：便条上写着：谢谢你那天晚上在高速公路上帮助一个黑人妇女。与文章开头第二句中的“A black American lady of about seventy”相呼应。
答案：　B
9．解析：　考查动词辨析。句意为：大雨不仅湿透了我的全身，而且也使我的心凉了。make sth./sb.wet弄湿某人或某物，符合语境。
答案：　B
10．解析：　考查形容词辨析。句意为：多亏了你，我才能够及时赶到垂危的丈夫面前，见他最后一面。be able to能够做某事，为固定搭配，符合语境。
答案：　A
Ⅲ.阅读理解
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了梦的好处，即可以改善学习和情绪。
1．解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，为了证实梦对学习有帮助，Robert Stickgold做了这次实验，而实验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，根据本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有帮助的，故选B。
答案：　B
2．解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (情绪)．”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。
答案：　C
3．解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。
答案：　D
4．解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了梦的好处：有助于改善学习和情绪。
答案：　C
5．解析：　推理判断题。根据文章主旨可知，文章是关于梦的科学研究方面的知识，所以最可能在杂志的有关科学的栏目里找到此文章，故选C。
答案：　C
Ⅳ.写作
Ladies and gentlemen，
I feel it a great honor to have a chance to give a speech here，talking about fog and haze weather.Since the end of last year，fog and haze weather has occurred a lot in some areas of China，which has done great harm to our daily life.Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy fog and haze.Besides，more and more citizens have to go to see the doctor because of the serious disease caused by the fog and haze.
Now that we have realized the great harm caused by the fog and haze，we should take measures to reduce fog and haze weather.The government should suggest people go to work or school with the public transportation，such as the bus and the underground.Also more trees should be planted.As for me，I will go to school by bike or on foot.Would you join us in protecting the environment?
Thank you.

薄雾浓云愁永昼， 瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。
东篱把酒黄昏后 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。

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