IEEE C57.100-2011 液浸式配电变压器和电力变压器绝缘系统热评估试验程序.pdf

IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Liquid-Immersed Distribution and Power Transformers Sponsored by the Transformers Committee?IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York,NY 10016-5997 USA 27 January 2012 IEEE Power&Energy Society IEEE Std C57.100?2011(Revision of IEEE Std C57.100-1999)Authorized licensed use limited to:University of Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.Authorized licensed use limited to:University of Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.IEEE Std C57.100-2011(Revision of IEEE Std C57.100-1999)IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Liquid-Immersed Distribution and Power Transformers Sponsor Transformers Committee of the IEEE Power&Energy Society Approved 7 December 2011 IEEE-SA Standards Board Authorized licensed use limited to:University of Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.Abstract:A test procedure to provide a uniform method for investigating the effect of operating temperature on the life expectancy of liquid-immersed transformers is provided.The test procedures are intended to provide data for the selection of a limiting hottest-spot temperature for rating purposes,provide data which may serve as the basis for a guide for loading,and permit the comparative evaluation of a proposed insulation system with reference to a system that has proven to be acceptable in service.Keywords:aging,distribution transformers,IEEE C57.100,life tests,liquid immersed,power transformers,test procedures,thermal evaluation The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.3 Park Avenue,New York,NY 10016-5997,USA Copyright 2012 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Inc.All rights reserved.Published 27 January 2012.Printed in the United States of America.IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S.Patent&Trademark Office,owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,Incorporated.PDF:ISBN 978-0-7381-7196-8 STD97203 Print:ISBN 978-0-7381-7217-0 STDPD97203 IEEE prohibits discrimination,harassment,and bullying.For more information,visit http:/www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/whatis/policies/p9-26.html.No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.Authorized licensed use limited to:University of Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.Notice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Documents:IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association(IEEE-SA)Standards Board.IEEE develops its standards through a consensus development process,approved by the American National Standards Institute,which brings 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Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.iv Copyright 2012 IEEE.All rights reserved.Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C57.100-2011,IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Thermal Evaluation of Insulation Systems for Liquid-Immersed Distribution and Power Transformers.This standard is intended to establish test procedures for evaluating the insulation systems of liquidimmersed transformers.The electrical insulation of transformers is subject to electrical,mechanical,and thermal stresses occurring in different parts of the structure.How long the insulation system will be serviceable depends on the transformer design and the severity of the stresses acting on it,as well as on the materials themselves and the service environment.Therefore,the length of useful life of the insulation system depends on the way that its individual components are arranged,their interactions upon each other,the contribution of each component to the electrical and mechanical integrity of the system,and the way the transformer is manufactured and operated.Experience has shown that the thermal life characteristics of composite insulation systems cannot be reliably inferred solely from information concerning individual component materials.To assure satisfactory service life,transformer designs need to be verified by service experience or accelerated life tests.Tests on complete insulation systems,representative of each transformer design,are necessary to confirm the performance of materials for their specific functions in the transformer.During the preparation of prior editions of this standard,manufacturers built and tested more than one hundred complete distribution transformers.The results of these tests,while not specifically published,confirmed the practicality of the test procedures in this standard for liquid-immersed distribution transformers.Subsequent to this work,it was recognized by prior working groups that a need existed for a similar test procedure for power transformers.To fulfill this need,two projects on“Basic Transformer Life Characteristics”were completed by the Electric Power Research Institute(EPRI)in 1982 B6,B7.a Limited testing was performed on insulated coils,models,and model assemblies.The information obtained from these EPRI projects was used to extend the test procedures in this standard to power transformers.Manufacturers occasionally make changes in the insulation used in transformers.This occurs due to the development of a new material or a change in vendors.In some cases,a preferred material will no longer be available,or a preliminary evaluation of the potential of a new insulation system is needed.It is reasonable to permit a reduced scale thermal test to determine that the change will not reduce the life of the transformer.For this situation,a single point aging test described in Annex A is specified using the procedure outlined in Annex B(similar to the Annex A from IEEE Std C57.100-1999).In situations where more than a minor change to the insulation system is made,a comparison to the industry-proven system must be made.This revision deals with how such a comparison is to be conducted.In addition to the use of a comparison test to the industry-proven system,this revision of IEEE Std C57.100 deals with issues raised during the ballot for the 1999 revision of this document,as well as issues that have developed during the intervening time period.These issues included the need for a simplified model test for power transformers,as well as the need for evaluation methods for materials of dissimilar thermal capability.The old Annex A from IEEE Std C57.100-1999 has been modified to become part of the materials testing section in the new annex,which will also include a new dual-temperature sealed tube test method in Annex C.In the case of the distribution transformer and power transformer model test,the difference in performance between the candidate system and the industry-proven system can be compared directly by test.In the case of the materials tests described in Annex B and Annex C,the difference between the industry-proven system and the candidate system are also obtained,but the correlation of this difference to transformer life may require confirmation from industry experience.The scope of this document notes that the dielectric liquid is part of the insulation system,but evaluations of the fluid portion of the insulation system are not part of this test procedure.While fluids are a critical part of the insulation system,since they can be reprocessed or exchanged,this document only investigates the solid insulation components as the limiting factor of the insulation system.a The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex E.Authorized licensed use limited to:University of Stellenbosch.Downloaded on November 06,2014 at 18:34:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore.Restrictions apply.Notice to users Laws and regulations Users 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periodically.Interpretations Current interpretations can be acce