2022年北京第四十五中学高三英语测试题含解析.docx

2022年北京第四十五中学高三英语测试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. I'm tired out． I        all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything．
A． shopped                        B． have shopped         
C． had shopped                D． have been shopping
参考答案：
D
2. I have promised to get round ______ our lawn mower one day.
   A. to repair B. to repairing C. to have repaired D. to having repaired
参考答案：
B
3. Tom was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
  A. for which time   B. during which time    C. during whose time    D. by that time
参考答案：
b
略
4. ----How do you find your visit to the museum?
----I thoroughly enjoyed it, it was ___________ than I expected.
A. so more interesting 　         B. even more interesting
C. too much interesting 　        D. a lot much interesting
参考答案：
B
5. According to the regulations of our company, everybody is to be taken on for a three-month trial period before being accepted as a ____ member of staff．ks5u
A. temporary                               B. instant                   C. permanent                     D. consistent
参考答案：
C
6. ______ himself to sorrow , Steven just couldn’t stop crying .
A.To abandon B.Abandoning C.Abandoned D.Being abandoned
参考答案：
B
7. 语音知识（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
1. anywhere    A. average     B. accept       C. many       D. April
2.supply       A. suddenly    B.luggage      C. sugar       D. success
3.social        A.precious     B. certain      C. discovery    D.decision
4.envy         A. pink       B. handkerchief  C. blank       D. frequent
5.continent     A. control     B. contain      C. conversation  D. connect
参考答案：
1-5  CDADC
略
8. Nothing but one desk and six chairs ____ in the room.
A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left
参考答案：
C
nothing作主语，谓语用单数。
9. She has very        eyes；she is very good at noticing and observing things．
      A．active    B．practical               C．sharp                  D．exact
参考答案：
C 
10. As a great scientist, little joy can equal　　　　of being awarded the Nobel Prize.
A.that B.this C.it D.one
参考答案：
A
考查代词。句意:作为一个伟大的科学家,任何喜悦都赶不上获得诺贝尔奖。空处指代"获得诺贝尔奖的喜悦",与前面的"joy"相比是同类不同物,应使用that代替。
11. ---The thread of my kite broke and it flew away．
　---I told you it would break easily ________ it was the weakest．
　 A. where B. because C. that D. in which
参考答案：
A
12. —What about today's temperature?
—It's the same as, if the weather report is exact as usual, ________of yesterday．
A. one                                            B. that                                    C. ones             D. those
参考答案：
B
13. In fact, I think it’s very much nicer without the naughty boy, if you don’t mind me _______ so.
A. say   B. to say C. saying D. to saying
参考答案：
C
14. _________to the party, Joan was greatly hurt.
A. Having not been invited    B .Not having been invited
C. Having not invited        D. Not having invited
参考答案：
B
略
15. I don’t understand why you typed the letter when I ______ it for you easily.
A. could have done     B. would do C. must have done   D. could do
参考答案：
A
16. The scientists have studied out a new method        the agricultural production could be raised on a large scale.
A．which                            B．for which                      C．by which                      D．whose
参考答案：
C
考查定语从句。句中不能用that代替which，因which在这里作介词宾语。句意：科学家研究出一种能使农业大规模增产的新方法。
17.       production up by 50% ,the factory has another wonderful year.
    A. As            B. For             C. With             D. Through
参考答案：
C
18. After ___ more chatter, the lady returned home.
A. a great deal of  B. a good deal  C. a lot of  D. a good many
参考答案：
B
二、 短文改错
19. 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
    增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。   
    删除；把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
    修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
    注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
          2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As a senior three student, it won’t take long after I graduate. Now, I have much to share with my fellow student.                 
Firstly, I’d like to show my appreciation to those stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help or advice, my life will be different. Secondly, it’s high time for I to say sorry to the classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood. I firm believe that communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship. Thirdly, I’ve made my mind to make every effort to study, so hard work is the key to a success. Finally I want to express my hope which all the younger fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.  
参考答案：
改错 1 After------before   2  student-----students  3 stand前加who或 standing  4 will---would  5 I----me  6 firm---firmly 7 my前加up 8 so----- because/for/ as  9  success前a去掉  10  which----that
20. 假设英语课上，老师要求同桌之间互换修改作文，请修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处, 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加, 删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last weekend we go mountain climbing. Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us going. Set off very early, we went along an extreme narrow road, all in high spirits. On every side of the road was green fields and some farm houses. We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter. At noon we reached the top of the mountain. That surprised us most there was the beauty of scenes. After having short rest there and sharing with the food we had brought, we started going down. It rained even harder. We were wet to the skin, and we still sang and laughed happily.
参考答案：
Last weekend we go mountain climbing. Even the heavy rain in the morning could not
                 went
prevent us going. Set off very early, we went along an extreme narrow road, all in high spirits. On
              Setting                        extremely
every side of the road was green fields and some farm houses. We could hear the sound of the
either /each        were
rain and our footsteps mixing with our laughter. At noon we reached the top of the mountain.
                  mixed
That surprised us most there was the beauty of scenes. After having∧ short rest there and
What                                                    a 
sharing with the food we had brought, we started going down. It rained even harder. We were
去掉
wet to the skin, and we still sang and laughed happily.
but

三、 阅读理解
21. Note: 1gigawtt = 1000 megawatts
SAN FRANCISCO — Apple is cleaning up its manufacturing operations in China to reduce the air pollution caused by the factories that have assembled （装配） hundreds of millions of iPhones and iPads during the past eight years.
The world's most valuable company is working with its Chinese suppliers to eventually produce 2.2 gigawatts of solar power and other renewable energy.
The commitment announced Wednesday represents Apple's latest attempt to prevent the popularity of its devices and digital services from increasing the carbon emissions that are widely believed to change the Earth's climate.
Apple Inc. estimates （估计 20 million tons of greenhouse gas pollution will be avoided as more of its suppliers rely on renewable energy between now and 2020. That's like having four million fewer cars on the road for a year.
Panels capable of generating （生产） about 200 megawatts of solar power will be financed by Apple in the northern, southern and eastern regions of China, where many of its suppliers are located. The company is teaming up with its Chinese suppliers to build the capacity for the remaining 2 gigawatts of renewable energy, which will be a mix of solar, wind and hydroelectric power.
Foxconn, which runs the factory where the most iPhones are assembled, is pledging to contribute 400 megawatts of solar power as part of the 2-gigawatt commitment. The solar panels to be built by 2018 in China's Henan Province are supposed to produce as much renewable energy as Foxconn's Zhengzhou factory consumes while making iPhones.
Apple has made protecting the environment a higher priority since Tim Cook replaced the late Steve Jobs as the company's CEO four years ago.
"Climate change is one of the great challenges of our time, and the time for action is now," Cook said in a statement. "The transition to a new green economy requires innovation, ambition and purpose."
Apple just completed projects in China that generate 40 megawatts of solar energy to cover the power required by its 24 stores and 19 offices in the country. All of Apple's data centers, offices and stores in the U.S. already have been running on renewable energy.
"When you look at all the air pollution in China, all the manufacturing that is done there has a lot to do with it, so this is a significant step in the right direction," said Gary Cook, a senior analyst for Greenpeace, a group devoted to protecting the environment.
Apple also has a financial motivation to help make China a better place to live. The greater China region is Apple's second biggest market behind the U.S. Tim Cook has made it clear that he wants the company to make even more progress as rising incomes enable more of China's population to buy smart phones and other gadgets.
Apple can easily afford to go green. The company had $203 billion in cash at the end of June. This story has been reflected to correct that Apple and its suppliers haven't set a timetable for producing the 2.2 gigawatts of renewable energy in China.
50. The commitment announced Wednesday shows that ______.
A. Apple wanted to change its public image eagerly
B. Apple wanted to contribute to protecting the environment
C. Apple wanted to cut down its expenses by using renewable energy
D. Apple wanted to stop the popularity of its product from polluting the environment
51. It is estimated that with Apple's new commitment, ______.
A. There will be four million fewer cars on the road for a year
B. 20 billion tons of greenhouse gas pollution will be avoided
C. Much of its greenhouse gas pollution will be avoided between now and 2020
D. China will become Apple's second biggest market behind the US
52. Which of the following statements is TRUE? 
A. Apple has enough cash in store for switching to renewable energy supply.
B. The 2 gigawatts of renewable energy will be a mix of solar, wind and electric power.
C. Apple's data centers, offices and stores already have been running on renewable energy.
D. Apple will eventually produce 2.2 gigawatts of solar power and other renewable energy. 
53. What is Gary Cook's attitude towards Apple's commitment?
A. Optimistic          B. Supportive       C. Doubtful    D. Indifferent
54. Where is this passage probably taken from?
A. A science report.     B. A textbook.   C. An advertisement.    D. A newspaper.
参考答案：
50.B  51.C  52.A   53.B   54.D

22. The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus--until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?
Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.
33．Babies are sensitive to the change in _______.
A. the size of cards 
B. the colour of pictures
C. the shape of patterns
D. the number of objects
34．Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment
B. To see how babies recognize sounds
C. To carry their experiment further
D. To keep the babes interest.
35．Where does this text probably come from?
A. Science fiction         
B. Children’s literature
C. An advertisement   
D. A science report
参考答案：
DCD
文属于科学研究类的短文，研究婴儿对于外界声音和变化的反应。科学家在实验中使用了不同的刺激物对婴儿进行刺激以证明研究的准确性。
33．D 细节题。根据第一段后4行As the cards change from one to the other, her gave（凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.可知当眼前黑点变成3个的时候，孩子的注意力又恢复了。故D项正确。
34．C 推理题。根据文章最后三行Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 可知使用敲鼓的声音来进行试验，就是为了更进一步了解具体情况。故C正确。
35．D 推理题。本文属于科学研究类的短文，研究婴儿对于外界声音和变化的反应。所以最可能是从科学报告里摘录出来的内容。故D正确